基于改进TransUnet网络的血管内超声图像边界提取方法研究

血管内超声(IVUS)图像是观测血管内部结构的首选影像学手段,基于IVUS图像的内膜和中外膜边界的提取是实现冠脉粥样硬化精准诊断的前提和关键。针对IVUS图像结构复杂、对比度低、边界提取困难等问题,本研究提出一种基于改进TransUnet网络的分割方法。首先,针对IVUS图像边界提取难点,对边血管、血管分叉、导丝伪像、阴影等4种图像结构进行建模,并基于建模结果予以定向数据增强;而后,结合IVUS图像的环状结构分布特点,在TransUnet网络中提出了Polar-bias归纳偏置的策略,并对IVUS图像进行像素级的分类;最后,基于分类结果优化GVF snake模型的外力场,进而提取IVUS图像的内膜和中外膜边界。采用国际标准IVUS图像数据集(两组不同中心频率,共512幅图像)对算法进行评测,引入JMard距离(JM),Hausdorff距离(HD)和面积差异百分比(PAD)等3个评测指标,在数据集A中JM为0.87, HD为0.87, PAD为0.18,数据集B中JM为0.91, HD为0.25, PAD为0.08。实验结果表明,所提出的算法在两组数据集的内膜及中外膜提取问题中的表现均...     

Design of a "minimAl" homeodomain: the N-terminal arm modulates DNA binding affinity and stabilizes homeodomain structure.

This report investigates the sequence specificity requirements for homeodomain structure and DNA binding activity by the design and synthesis of a "minimAl" homeodomain (for minimalist design and alanine scanning mutagenesis) which contains the consensus residues and in which all nonconsensus residues have been replaced with alanine. The murine homeodomain Msx served as the prototype for the minimAl homeodomain, Ala-Msx. We show that Ala-Msx binds to DNA specifically, albeit with lower affinity than Msx. A derivative of the minimAl homeodomain, Ala-Msx(NT), which contains a native rather than an alanine-substituted N-terminal arm, has similar DNA binding affinity as Msx. We show that the native N-terminal arm stabilizes the tertiary structure of the minimAl homeodomain. Although Ala-Msx resembles a molten-globule protein, the structure of Ala-Msx(NT) is similar to Msx. The requirement for an intact N-terminal arm is not unique to the minimAl homeodomain, since the N-terminal arm also promotes high-affinity binding activity and appropriate tertiary structure of Msx. Therefore, the homeodomain "scaffold" consists of consensus residues, which are sufficient for DNA recognition, and nonconsensus residues in the N-terminal arm, which are required for optimal DNA binding affinity and appropriate tertiary structure. MinimAl design provides a powerful strategy to probe homeodomain structure and function. This approach should be of general utility to study the sequence specificity requirements for structure and function of other DNA-binding domains.     

SEARCH FOR HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE2（HSV－2）AND HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS（HPV）IN THE NORMAL AND ABNORMAL CERVICAL SAMPLES

ＳＥＡＲＣＨＦＯＲＨＥＲＰＥＳＳＩＭＰＬＥＸＶＩＲＵＳＴＹＰＥ２（ＨＳＶ－２）ＡＮＤＨＵＭＡＮＰＡＰＩＬＬＯＭＡＶＩＲＵＳ（ＨＰＶ）ＩＮＴＨＥＮＯＲＭＡＬＡＮＤＡＢＮＯＲＭＡＬＣＥＲＶＩＣＡＬＳＡＭＰＬＥＳＺｈａｎｇＷｅｉ;张伟;ＪｉｎＳｈｕｎｑｉａ...     

Decreasing ascorbate intake does not affect the levels of glutathione, tocopherol or retinol in the ascorbate-requiring osteogenic disorder shionogi rats.

Levels of glutathione in liver and kidney, and other nutrients in plasma were evaluated in male and female ascorbate-requiring osteogenic disorder Shionogi (ODS) rats fed semipurified diets in which the concentrations of ascorbate were gradually decreased from 1965 to 180 mg/kg. Plasma ascorbate levels in ODS rats were unaffected when ascorbate levels in the diet were decreased from 1965 to 768 mg/kg. However, plasma ascorbate levels decreased progressively when levels of ascorbate in the diet were decreased from 527 to 180 mg/kg. Plasma ascorbate levels decreased up to 77% when the dietary ascorbate concentration decreased from 1965 to 180 mg/kg. Ascorbate levels in liver and kidney fell as much as 60-70% when the dietary ascorbate levels were reduced from 1965 to 180 mg/kg. However, the glutathione levels in these tissues were not affected. Plasma retinol and vitamin E levels were not affected by decreasing dietary ascorbate intake. Total cholesterol levels increased significantly in female rats as dietary ascorbate intake declined. Levels of glycated hemoglobin decreased significantly when dietary ascorbate levels decreased from 1965 to 527 mg/kg. This study suggests that levels of vitamin E, retinol and glutathione are not affected by decreased dietary intake of ascorbate under nonscorbutic conditions, whereas elevated ascorbate intake is associated with a decrease in levels of plasma cholesterol in female ODS rats. However, excessive intake of ascorbate may be associated with elevated glycation of hemoglobin. To achieve the maximal health benefit of ascorbate supplementation, further studies are necessary to define optimal ascorbate intakes.     

喉大部切除术后喉功能重建

为 ２３ 例喉癌患者行喉大部分切除术,采用下列方法重建喉功能,（１）重建声门关闭功能;（２）重建会厌覆盖功能;（３）保留或重建梨状窝;（４）保护喉上神经和喉返神经;（５）保持宽大的下咽部;（６）切断环咽肌。２３ 例中２１ 例获得随访,术后均能发音,术后２～４ 周拔除鼻饲管,无误吸及呛咳。５ 年生存１１ 例,生存率 ４７８％ 。     

化疗在晚期肺腺癌治疗中的作用

目的：探索晚期肺腺癌患者化疗疗效和对化疗的耐受性,化疗后生活质量变化和生存期。材料与方法：回顾分析1992－11~1995-04,经病理确诊为肺腺癌。按UICC分期为Ⅲb、Ⅳ期,Kamofsky评分≥60,连续完成2程以上的以铂类药物为主的联合化疗方案治疗患者。结果：化疗有效率3．1％,化疗后Kamofskv评分不变者43．8％,升高40．6％。下降≥10分15．6％,Ⅲb期中位生存期13月,Ⅳ期10月。结论：全身状况较好无化疗禁忌证的晚期肺腺癌患者,给予适当的联合化疗可使部分患者病情改善,生活质量提高。     

孕期沙眼衣原体、支原体感染治疗效果与胎儿状况相关性研究

研究孕期沙眼衣原体,支原体感染治疗效果与胎儿生长发育的关系。方法应用免疫荧光法对６００例孕妇宫颈分泌物行沙眼衣原体,支原体属抗原检测,阳性者对配偶行尿道分泌物检测,孕妇阳性者以口服红霉素治疗,观察治疗过程中,胎儿异常及低休 儿发生比较及与配遇感染的关系。     

功能性消化不良患者的心理测评及抗抑郁治疗

目的：探讨心理异常与功能性消化不良(FD)发病的关系，并探讨抗抑郁治疗对FD患者的疗效。方法：采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对100例FD患者及100名健康对照组进行心理测评，比较2组焦虑、抑郁的发生率；采用评分法对FD患者进行症状评分，随机将心理测评异常的FD患者分为常规组及综合组，分别给予抗消化不良药物及在此基础上加用抗抑郁药文拉法辛治疗，比较2种治疗方法的总有效率；将综合治疗有效的病例随机分成维持组及停药组，维持组继续给予文拉法辛维持量治疗，观察6mo中2组的复发率。结果：FD组患者焦虑及抑郁状态发生率明显高于健康组；综合组有效率高于常规组；文拉法辛6mo维持治疗复发率低于疗程结束后即停药者。结论：焦虑、抑郁的心理异常是FD发病的危险因素，但用抗抑郁治疗可提高FD患者常规治疗的有效率，6mo维持治疗能有效降低FD复发率。     

针灸对胰岛素抵抗影响研究的概况

本文系统回顾了近年来胰岛素抵抗的针灸治疗的研究概况。发现针灸在调节高血压、糖尿病、中风、肥胖症等的胰岛素抵抗方面有显著的疗效．对于胰岛素抵抗可致的各方面的病理生理改变均有不同程度改善。