缺血性脑血管病患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与超敏-CRP关系

目的探讨脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化性斑块与超敏C-反应蛋白（Hs-CRP）含量的关系。方法分别测定30名通过颈动脉超声检查发现有粥样硬化斑块的急性脑梗死（A组）、脑供血不足患者（B组）和无颈动脉粥样硬化斑块老年健康体检者（C组）血清中Hs-CRP含量。结果A组Hs-CRP含量明显高于B组和C组（P〈0.05）;而B组和C组之间无显著性差异。结论Hs-CRP与动脉硬化引起的急性脑梗死有关,Hs-CRP与稳定性颈动脉硬化性斑块患者的脑供血不足的症状无关。     

Highly sensitive and convenient aptasensor based on Au NPs@Ce-TpBpy COF for quantitative determination of zearalenone

In this work, an aptasensor based on a portable U-disk electrochemical workstation in combination with a screen-printed electrode (SPE) is demonstrated for the quantitative determination of zearalenone (ZEN). The aptamer is immobilized on Au NPs@Ce-TpBpy COF (Covalent organic frameworks), which is modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode. ZEN specifically binds to ZEN aptamer, which hinders the electron transfer and decreases the catalytic current of Au NPs@Ce-TpBpy COF for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, measured by chronoamperometry (i–t). The quantitative detection of ZEN toxin is realized by a decrease of the catalytic current (ΔI). Under the optimal experimental conditions, the aptamer sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility. A wide linear range of 1 pg mL⁻¹–10.0 ng mL⁻¹ with a detection limit of 0.389 pg mL⁻¹ (at 3σ) was obtained. The linear equation is ΔI = 0.401 lg c + 1.948 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9906. The recovery is in the range of 93.0–104.7% for the cornflour samples. The proposed method offers a new strategy for the rapid, inexpensive, and real-time detection of ZEN.

An aptasensor based on a portable U-disk electrochemical workstation is demonstrated for the quantitative determination of zearalenone. The aptamer sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血细胞因子IL-17A、IL-2、IL-21、IL-4表达水平及意义

目的 探索初治慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者外周血中细胞因子表达水平及其与病毒载量和肝脏炎症程度的关系,以期为临床动态评估病情和预后方面提供新思路。方法 选择2018年10月至2019年11月就诊于海军军医大学第一附属医院感染科的初治慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染者68例,健康对照者12名,通过ELISA检测外周血中细胞因子IL-17A、IL-2、IL-21和IL-4表达水平,同时检测HBV DNA及转氨酶水平。统计学处理采用Mann-Whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验及Spearman相关性分析。结果 相较于健康对照者,初治CHB患者外周血IL-17A高 [17.50（11.99,25.36）vs14.14（9.01,23.68）pg/ml,Z=-2.001,P=0.045],IL-2低[57.19（31.10,79.92）vs73.06（62.41,105.84）pg/ml,Z=-2.509,P=0.012],IL-21高[37.12（23.85,77.66）vs（20.95±5.72）pg/ml,Z=-3.485,P<0.01],IL-4表达水平无差异。不同免疫状态的IL-17A表达有明显差异（H=8.870,P=0.031）。炎症活动状态CHB患者的IL-17A和IL-21更低、IL-2更高（P＜0.05）,IL-4无差异（P＞0.05）。HBeAg阳性CHB患者、HBeAg阴性CHB患者与健康对照者外周血细胞因子IL-17A、IL-2、IL-21比较,差异有统计学意义（IL-17A：H=10.061,P=0.007;IL-2：H=6.576,P=0.037;IL-21：H=12.444,P=0.002）。初治CHB患者外周血IL-17A、IL-21、IL-4与HBV DNA无相关性（r=0.02、0.23、0.07,均P>0.05）,IL-2与HBV DNA存在弱相关（r=0.32,P=0.01）。初治HBV患者外周血IL-17A、IL-21与ALT存在相关性（IL-17A：r=0.59,P<0.01;IL-21：r=0.49,P<0.01）,与AST存在相关性（IL-17A：r=0.47,P<0.01;IL-21：r=0.36,P<0.01）,而IL-2、IL-4与ALT和AST均无明显相关。ALT≥300U/L的初治CHB组、ALT＜300U/L的初治CHB组与健康对照者外周血细胞因子IL-17A、IL-2、IL-21比较,差异有统计学意义（IL-17A：H=27.557,P<0.01;IL-2：H=8.581,P=0.014;IL-21：H=21.438,P<0.01）。ROC曲线分析结果显示,IL-17A判断肝脏炎症程度的AUC值为0.8933（95%CI：0.7930-0.9936）,IL-21判断肝脏炎症程度的AUC值为0.7600（95%CI：0.6227-0.8973）。结论 IL-17A、IL-2和IL-21参与慢性HBV感染进程：初治CHB患者无论HBeAg阳性与否或炎症程度高低,外周血IL-17A和IL-21升高,IL-2下降;IL-2与HBV DNA有一定相关性;IL-17A和IL-21与ALT及AST均存在正相关;检测IL-17A和IL-2有助于病情评估与预后判断。     

利用信息技术提高河南省出生缺陷防治管理水平

目的 总结通过信息平台,提高出生缺陷防控水平的经验和挑战.方法 回顾性总结系统中出生缺陷三级预防措施落实,沿胎儿生命周期获取功能和代谢障碍缺陷个案的数据并进行总结分析.结果 平台促进了出生缺陷三级预防措施落实.系统包括11 912例有遗传病或缺陷儿家族史的孕妇信息,433例染色体和基因异常胎儿产前诊断记录,7977例结...     

In situ growth of novel carbon nanobuds and nanoballs on graphene nanosheets by the electrochemical method

Novel carbon nanostructures, carbon nanobuds and nanoballs in situ grown on graphene, have been synthesized by the electrochemical method in this study. Pristine graphene (GR) sheets were potentiostatic treated with sulfuric acid and were oxidized at 1.4–2.0 V constant potentials to obtain numerous nanobuds and peeled nanoballs. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the morphology of electrochemically treated GR nanosheets. Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction analysis, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure of samples. The above results indicate that amounts of nanobuds were in situ grown on the surface of GR sheets at a constant potential of 1.4 V was added to the GR electrode. With the constant potential increasing, the nanobuds grew into the nanoballs, exfoliating from the surface of graphene sheets, whereas the peroxidation of graphene sheets occurred at a higher potential of 2.0 V, leading to the formation of a large amount of graphene oxide fragments. Therefore, the optimal processing parameter of the formation of carbon nanoballs was under the constant potential of 1.8 V for 500 s.

Novel carbon nanostructures, carbon nanobuds and nanoballs in situ grown on graphene, have been synthesized by the electrochemical method in this study.     

Vitamin Supplementation Protects against Nanomaterial-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Damages: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

The extensive applications of nanomaterials have increased their toxicities to human health. As a commonly recommended health care product, vitamins have been reported to exert protective roles against nanomaterial-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. However, there have been some controversial conclusions in regards to this field of research. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the roles and mechanisms of vitamins for cells and animals exposed to nanomaterials. Nineteen studies (seven in vitro, eleven in vivo and one in both) were enrolled by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. STATA 15.0 software analysis showed vitamin E treatment could significantly decrease the levels of oxidants [reactive oxygen species (ROS), total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA)], increase anti-oxidant glutathione peroxidase (GPx), suppress inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, IgE), improve cytotoxicity (manifested by an increase in cell viability and a decrease in pro-apoptotic caspase-3 activity), and genotoxicity (represented by a reduction in the tail length). These results were less changed after subgroup analyses. Pooled analysis of in vitro studies indicated vitamin C increased cell viability and decreased ROS levels, but its anti-oxidant potential was not observed in the meta-analysis of in vivo studies. Vitamin A could decrease MDA, TOS and increase GPx, but its effects on these indicators were weaker than vitamin E. Also, the combination of vitamin A with vitamin E did not provide greater anti-oxidant effects than vitamin E alone. In summary, we suggest vitamin E alone supplementation may be a cost-effective option to prevent nanomaterial-induced injuries.     

Response of the xenograft endothelium in the concordant xenotransplantation

Objective: To investigate the response of the xenograft endothelium in the concordant hamster to rat cardiac xenotransplantation and the mechanism of acute vascular rejection. Methods: The animals were divided into 5 groups randomly: control group,CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy+CsA group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group. Hamster heart was heterotopicaly transplanted to rat abdominal cavity. The graft survival was monitored by palpation of the rat abdominal wall. The histological and ultrastructural changes of the xenogafts were investigated. NF-κB and P-selectin expression in the xenograft were detected. Hene Oxigenase-1 and Bcl-2 expression were also detected in the xenografts of different groups. Results: The mean survival time of the xenografts in control group, CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy+CsA group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group was 3.4±0.55, 3.8±0.45, 6.4±1.52, 30 and 7.4±1.14 days. The rejected graft showed typical acute vascular rejection in control group, CsA group,splenectomy group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group. Endothelial cells of the rejected xenograft showed dramatic assembly of ribosomes and expansion of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. However, the endothelium of the long-term survived grafts in D0 splenectomy+CsA group showed normal architecture. NF-κB and P-selectin expression were detected in the rejected xenografts. HO-1 expression was observed in the long-term survived xenografts in D0 splenectomy+CsA group. Conclusion: The endothelial cells of the xenograft might be activated during the acute vascular rejection. Expression of HO-1 might inhibit the upregulation of NF-κB and adhesion molecular which decreases the activation of the endothelium of the graft.     

糖化血清蛋白测定对排除假性高血糖的临床应用价值

目的观察糖化血清蛋白(GSP)的测定是否对排除假性高血糖有临床应用价值。方法对一些血糖高的病人进行GSP检测、糖化血红蛋白(HBA1C)检测、餐后2小时血糖的检测,观察经临床确诊确属假性血糖升高的非糖尿病病人的GSP水平。结果凡经临床确诊的属假性血糖升高的非糖尿病病人的GSP水平为:1.61±0.56mmol/L,而糖尿病组为2.55±0.59mmol/L,经统计处理,两组的GSP结果差别有显著性(P<0.05)。结论GSP的检测对排除假性的一次性高血糖有一定的临床应用价值。     

Co-Utilization of Sewage Sludge and Rice Husk in Ceramsite Preparation with Selective Adsorption Capacity to Pb

Realizing the green recycling of sludge is an important link to effectively solve the problem of sludge disposal. In this paper, sewage sludge (SS) and rice husk (RH) were utilized as raw materials in preparing novel ceramsite (SRC) for the treatment of lead-containing wastewater, and its adsorption mechanism was explored. The results showed that the optimal preparation conditions were 40% RH + 60% SS mixture, a sintering temperature of 1190 °C, and a sintering time of 20 min. The basic properties of SRC met Chinese artificial ceramsite filter material standards for water treatment (CJ/T 299-2008). Under optimum adsorption conditions (pH = 6, 1 g/L SRC dosage, 20 mg/L Pb(NO)₃ concentration, 18 h), the removal rate of Pb²⁺ reached 94.7%, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 18.94 mg/g. The adsorption process was more consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption process was dominated by chemisorption. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH⁰ > 0, ΔG⁰ < 0, ΔS⁰ > 0) indicated that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous and endothermic. The possible adsorption mechanisms are as follows: (1) SRC is rich in layered mesoporous structure, which provides sufficient reaction sites for Pb adsorption; (2) the sintered lawsonite and muscovite can strongly attract Pb and then form a new phase (Pb₁₀[Si₂O₇]₃(OH)₂); (3) Pb²⁺ can bond with the Si–O- bond in aluminosilicates, and the introduction of Pb elevates the degree of polymerization of aluminosilicates in turn, indicating that the adsorption process is stable.