RFDD-PCR技术用于构建证的相关基因表达谱初探

目的　运用限制性酶切片段差异显示 (RFDD -PCR)技术初步筛选支气管哮喘肾虚证的相关基因 ,以冀探讨构建中医证的相关基因表达谱的一种研究方法。方法　应用RFDD -PCR技术 ,收集支气管哮喘肾虚证患者治疗前后外周血 ,分离其总RNA ,进行DNaseI处理、合成双链cDNA、TaqI限切酶酶切、在其两端连上接头、特异配对于接头的引物来降落PCR扩增、变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、AgNO3 染色、回收差异条带并重新PCR扩增、反向斑点杂交、测序、生物信息学分析。结果　共找到 36条差异条带 ,其中 2 5条能用斑点杂交验证 ,选取 3条测序 ,结果与基因库比较未发现同源序列。结论　 3条基因片段可能是与支气管哮喘肾虚证相关的新基因 ;RFDD -PCR技术不失为构建中医证的相关基因表达谱的一种好方法。     

榛子叶化学成分研究(Π)

目的　对榛子叶中的鞣质成分进行了研究 ,开发利用黑龙江省榛子叶资源。方法　利用 1 H- NMR,1 3C- NMR,FAB- MS,CD谱及 1 H- 1 HCOSY二维谱与化学方法鉴定。结果　从中得到 4个化学成分 :榛叶素 B(heterophylliin B, ) ,tellimagrandin ( ) ,casuarictin ( ) ,casuarinin ( )。结论　榛叶素 B是一个新的鞣花二聚体成分     

Inhibition of hyperacute transplant rejection by soluble proteins with the functional domains of CD46 and FcgammaRII

BACKGROUND: Recombinant soluble forms of complement regulatory molecules, including the human complement regulatory protein CD46 (rsCD46), have been shown to inhibit hyperacute transplant rejection (HAR) and protect against complement-mediated inflammatory tissue damage. Similarly, recombinant soluble forms of the immunoglobulin receptor FcgammaRII (rsFcgammaRII) can attenuate antibody-mediated inflammatory responses. We have produced and tested the function of novel recombinant chimeric proteins that incorporate the functional domains of both CD46 (membrane cofactor protein, MCP) and the low affinity human IgG receptor FcgammaRII (CD32). METHODS: Two recombinant soluble chimeric proteins (CD46:FcR and FcR:CD46) were designed and produced using a human cell expression system. Their ability to protect cells against complement-mediated lysis (through the CD46 domain) and bind human IgG (through the Fc receptor domain) was assessed in vitro. They were also tested in vivo in the rat reverse passive Arthus reaction and a murine model of hyperacute cardiac transplant rejection. RESULTS: In vitro, the functional domains of the chimeric proteins each retained their activity. In vivo, the serum half-life of the recombinant chimeric proteins in mice was more than either rsCD46 or rsFcgammaRII. In the rat reverse passive Arthus reaction, intradermal injection of each recombinant protein substantially reduced inflammatory skin edema (>50%) and polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration (>90%). In the hyperacute rejection model, i.v. treatment with FcR:CD46 prevented complement-mediated rejection, macroscopic bruising, edema, and thrombosis more effectively than rsCD46. CONCLUSIONS: CD46/FcgammaRII bifunctional proteins have an improved ability to control complement-mediated hyperacute graft rejection and have therapeutic potential in other conditions involving antibody-mediated inflammation.     

胃粘膜瓣成型预防食管胃吻合术后反流的观察

目的:介绍胃粘膜瓣成型预防食管胃吻合术后反流的临床应用.方法:食管、贲门癌50例,行部分食管部分胃切除,用吻合器作食管胃吻合后行胃粘膜瓣成型.结果:成型组术后无反流症状,上消化道造影及放射性核素显像表明该手术方法抗反流作用明显.食管镜检查示胃粘膜瓣成型组吻合口粘膜充血、水肿、糜烂、溃疡较常规手术组明显减轻.结论:胃粘膜瓣成型术可有效预防食管胃吻合术后胃食管反流.     

Approval summary: Docetaxel in combination with prednisone for the treatment of androgen-independent hormone-refractory prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: Docetaxel, a taxane previously approved for the treatment of breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration on May 19, 2004 for use in combination with prednisone for the treatment of metastatic androgen-independent (hormone-refractory) prostate cancer. The purpose of this summary is to review the database supporting this approval. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In a randomized, global study enrolling 1,006 patients, two schedules of docetaxel were compared with mitoxantrone + prednisone as follows: MTZ q 3w, mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2 every 21 days + prednisone 5 mg twice a day for a total of 10 cycles; TXT q 3w, docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 21 days + prednisone 5 mg twice a day for a total of 10 cycles; and TXT qw, docetaxel 30 mg/m2 days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 every 6 weeks + prednisone 5 mg twice a day for a total of 5 cycles. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant overall survival advantage shown for the TXT q 3w arm over MTZ q 3w (median survival 18.9 months versus 16.5 months, P = 0.0094). No overall survival advantage was shown for TXT qw compared with MTZ q 3w. The most commonly occurring adverse events included anemia, neutropenia, infection, nausea, sensory neuropathy, fluid retention, alopecia, nail changes, diarrhea, and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: This report describes the Food and Drug Administration review supporting this first approval of a combination therapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer based on demonstration of a survival benefit.     

Clinical analysis of 276 cases of non-palpable TO breast cancer

Objective Discussion of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of non-palpable TO breast cancer. Methods Between 1978 and 1997, 9,980 female patients with operable breast cancer were treated surgically, of which 276 were determined to have TO breast cancer. Most TO breast cancers could be detected promptly with careful examination of presenting symptoms, such as nipple discharge, local thickening of the breast, nipple erosion, nipple retraction and postmenopausal mastalgia, while 12 cases were detected by routine mammography of the contralateral breast. Results All patients were treated surgically and their tissue subjected to histopathological examination. Most cases (73.0%) were noninvasive or early invasive carcinoma. Axillary lymph nodes metastases were found in 7.69% of 234 mastectomy cases. Conclusion The survival rate was significantly increased if the tumor was in an early stage. The 5-, 10-, 15-years survival rates were 98.1%, 94.6% and 90.3%, respectively.     

Hematospermia as the presenting symptom of metastatic malignant melanoma of unknown primary origin

The presence of blood in the ejaculate is alarming to patients and may arise from many sources in the genitourinary tract. Fortunately, hematospermia is rarely due to underlying malignancy and only necessitates further evaluation with continued symptoms. We report a case of persistent hematospermia in a man with human immunodeficiency virus caused by metastatic malignant melanoma to both seminal vesicles. The evaluation included pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy. Metastases to the brain were subsequently discovered, but a primary source for the melanoma could not be identified. This is the first reported case of isolated involvement of the seminal vesicles with malignant melanoma and underscores the potential for serious disease presenting as hematospermia.     

Expression of nm23 protein in human osteosarcoma in relationship with early metastasis

Nm23 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from 39 cases with osteosarcomas and compared with the histologic findings and early metastasis for the purpose of detecting nm23 expression in osteosarcoma and elucidating the clinical significance of its expression. Immunoreactivity of nm23 protein was detected in 48.7% of the total cases. There was no statistical difference between nm23 expression and early metastasis, but there was a trend for cases with nm23 expression to progress to early metastasis within 1 year after operation. The role of nm23 as a tumor metastasis suppressor in osteosarcomas appeared less prominent.