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101.
The cerebellum is necessary and sufficient for the acquisition and execution of adaptively timed conditioned motor responses following repeated paired presentations of a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. The underlying plasticity depends on the convergence of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli signals relayed to the cerebellum by the pontine nucleus and the inferior olive (IO), respectively. Adaptive timing of conditioned responses relies on the correctly predicted onset of the unconditioned stimulus, usually a noxious somatosensory stimulus. We addressed two questions: First, does the IO relay information regarding the duration of somatosensory stimuli to the cerebellum? Multiple-unit recordings from the IO of anesthetized rats that received periorbital airpuffs of various durations revealed that sustained somatosensory stimuli are invariably transformed into phasic IO outputs. The phasic response was followed by a post-peak depression in IO activity as compared to baseline, providing the cerebellum with a highly synchronous signal, time-locked to the stimulus’ onset. Second, we sought to examine the involvement of olivocerebellar interactions in this signal transformation. Cerebello-olivary inhibition was interrupted using temporary pharmacological inactivation of cerebellar output nuclei, resulting in more sustained (i.e., less synchronous) IO responses to sustained somatosensory stimuli, in which the post-peak depression was substituted with elevated activity as compared to baseline. We discuss the possible roles of olivocerebellar negative-feedback loops and baseline cerebello-olivary inhibition levels in shaping the temporal dynamics of the IO’s response to somatosensory stimuli and the consequences of this shaping for cerebellar plasticity and its ability to adapt to varying contexts. 相似文献
102.
One‐Year Outcome of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Coronary Artery Stenting: An Analysis of the AFCAS Registry 下载免费PDF全文
103.
Alaa Fadhil Alwan Bassam Francis Matti Alaadin Sahham Naji Ali Muhammad Jawad 《Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion》2014,30(4):231-235
Refractory/relapsed acute leukemia has always been a challenging problem for hematologist. Over the past decade emphasis has been made in the development of regimens containing fludarabine, combined with cytosine arabinoside for the treatment of refractory/relapsed acute leukemias. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of fludarabine, high dose cytarabine, and granulocyte colony stimulating factor in refractory relapsed cases of acute leukaemia, a prospective study is being conducted at the National Center of Hematology and hematology unit/Baghdad teaching hospital from July 2008 to July 2010. Twenty Patients with refractory/relapsed acute leukemia were treated with fludarabine 30 mg/m2 and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) 2 g/m2 for 5 days, and granulocyte colony stimulating factor G-CSF 300 µg/day from day 0 till neutrophil recovery (ANC > 1.0 × 109/L). Response was evaluated by bone marrow examination on day 30 post chemotherapy. Patients included were refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (five patients), relapsed ALL (four patients), refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (eight patients), relapsed AML (three patients). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in nine (45 %) patients, while three (15 %) patients got partial remission. Three (15 %) patients died because of post chemotherapy complications and five (25 %) patient failed to achieve remission. Major complications encountered were: anemia, fever, bleeding, mucositis and bacterial infections. FLAG protocol is well tolerated and effective regimen in relapsed/refractory acute leukemias. The toxicity is acceptable, enabling most patients to receive further treatment, including transplantation procedures. 相似文献
104.
Mari Aikio Harri Elamaa David Vicente Valerio Izzi Inderjeet Kaur Lotta Seppinen Helen E. Speedy Dorota Kaminska Sanna Kuusisto Raija Sormunen Ritva Heljasvaara Emma L. Jones Mikko Muilu Matti Jauhiainen Jussi Pihlajam?ki Markku J. Savolainen Carol C. Shoulders Taina Pihlajaniemi 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2014,111(30):E3043-E3052
105.
Caroline Straatmann Mahmoud Kallash Mary Killackey Franca Iorember Diego Aviles Oluwatoyin Bamgbola Thomas Carson Sander Florman Matti V. Vehaskari 《Pediatric transplantation》2014,18(1):29-34
FSGS recurs in approximately 30% of transplanted kidneys and may lead to graft loss. We retrospectively examined the efficacy of early and intensive PP without additional IS in pediatric kidney transplant patients with recurrent FSGS at our center. Seven of 24 patients (29%) had nephrotic proteinuria and histologic evidence of FSGS recurrence within 1–5 days post‐transplantation. PP was initiated early after transplantation and initially performed daily until sustained decline in proteinuria. PP frequency was then individually tapered according to proteinuria. Recurrent FSGS in all seven patients responded to a four‐ to 32‐wk course of PP. Two of seven patients had a second recurrence of FSGS, and both recurrences remitted after an additional 3–6 wk of PP. Median observation period was 4.5 yr (0.8–16.3 yr). Complete remission of recurrent FSGS has been sustained in all seven patients, and all patients have stable graft function with recent plasma creatinine <1.5 mg/dL in six of seven patients. Most recent urine protein/creatinine is 0.13–0.61 mg/mg in six of seven patients. One patient has heavy proteinuria secondary to chronic allograft nephropathy 16 yr post‐transplant. Intensive and prolonged PP, when initiated early in the post‐operative period, is effective in treating recurrent FSGS and preventing graft loss without the use of additional immunosuppressants. 相似文献
106.
Frequent coexistence of RAS mutations in RUNX1‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia in Arab Asian children
Lika'a Fasih Y. Al‐Kzayer MD PhD Kazuo Sakashita MD PhD Mazin Faisal Al‐Jadiry MD Salma Abbas Al‐Hadad MD Le T.N. Uyen MD Tingting Liu MD Kazuyuki Matsuda PhD Jaafar M.H. Abdulkadhim MD Tariq Abadi Al‐Shujairi MD Zead Ismael I.K. Matti MD Janan Ghalib Hasan MD Hussam M. Salih Al‐Abdullah MD Toshi Inoshita MD Minoru Kamata MD Maher A. Sughayer MD Faris F. Madanat MD Kenichi Koike MD PhD 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2014,61(11):1980-1985
107.
Battsetseg Tseveenjav Anna L. Suominen Sinikka Varsio Matti Knuuttila Miira M. Vehkalahti 《Acta odontologica Scandinavica》2014,72(8):926-935
Objective. To associate self-assessed oral health and treatment need with clinically determined findings. Materials and methods. As part of the Finnish nationwide comprehensive Health 2000 Survey, the present cross-sectional study included dentate participants aged 30–64 years who self-assessed their oral health and treatment need in an interview and who underwent a clinical oral health examination (n = 4385). Self-assessed oral health and treatment need were used as subjective indicators. Clinically determined dental and periodontal status described objective dental and periodontal health and treatment need. The evaluation of relationships between subjective and objective findings was based on two-by-two tables and multivariate analyses. Results. The better the self-assessed oral health, the better the objective dental and periodontal health. Those reporting need for treatment more often had the objective need in terms of dental or periodontal treatment, also when controlling for background factors. Of the subjective indicators, good self-assessed oral health best reflected the absence of clinically determined dental or periodontal treatment need. Those who reported a need for treatment were mainly adults with an objective dental and periodontal treatment need. Conclusions. Self-assessed good oral health is a fairly good estimate for the absence of clinically determined dental and periodontal treatment need. As implication for practice, self-assessed data could be used for screening purposes for oral health service planning and for priority allocation in large adult populations. 相似文献
108.
Matti O. Ruuskanen Pande P. Erawijantari Aki S. Havulinna Yang Liu Guillaume Mric Jaakko Tuomilehto Michael Inouye Pekka Jousilahti Veikko Salomaa Mohit Jain Rob Knight Leo Lahti Teemu J. Niiranen 《Diabetes care》2022,45(4):811
OBJECTIVETo examine the previously unknown long-term association between gut microbiome composition and incident type 2 diabetes in a representative population cohort.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe collected fecal samples from 5,572 Finns (mean age 48.7 years; 54.1% women) in 2002 who were followed up for incident type 2 diabetes until 31 December 2017. The samples were sequenced using shotgun metagenomics. We examined associations between gut microbiome composition and incident diabetes using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. We first used the eastern Finland subpopulation to obtain initial findings and validated these in the western Finland subpopulation.RESULTSAltogether, 432 cases of incident diabetes occurred over the median follow-up of 15.8 years. We detected four species and two clusters consistently associated with incident diabetes in the validation models. These four species were Clostridium citroniae (hazard ratio [HR] 1.21; 95% CI 1.04–1.42), C. bolteae (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.04–1.39), Tyzzerella nexilis (HR 1.17; 95% CI 1.01–1.36), and Ruminococcus gnavus (HR 1.17; 95% CI 1.01–1.36). The positively associated clusters, cluster 1 (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.02–1.38) and cluster 5 (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.02–1.36), mostly consisted of these same species.CONCLUSIONSWe observed robust species-level taxonomic features predictive of incident type 2 diabetes over long-term follow-up. These findings build on and extend previous mainly cross-sectional evidence and further support links between dietary habits, metabolic diseases, and type 2 diabetes that are modulated by the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome can potentially be used to improve disease prediction and uncover novel therapeutic targets for diabetes. 相似文献
109.
Consumption of trans fatty acids (TFA) is associated with adverse health outcomes and is a considerable burden on morbidity and mortality globally. TFA may be generated by common cooking practices and hence contribute to daily dietary intake. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between heating edible oils and change in their TFA content. A systematic search of experimental studies investigating the effect of various methods of heating on TFA content of edible oils was conducted in Medline and Embase since their inception up to 1 October 2020 without language restrictions. Comparable data were analysed using mixed multilevel linear models taking into account individual study variation. Thirty-three studies encompassing twenty-one different oils were included in this review. Overall, heating to temperatures <200 °C had no appreciable impact on different TFA levels. Between 200 and 240 °C, levels of C18:2 t (0.05% increase per 10 °C rise in temperature, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.05%), C18:3t (0.18%, 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.21%), and total TFA (0.38%, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.55%) increased with temperature. A further increase in total TFA was observed with prolonged heating between 200 and 240 °C. Our findings suggest that heating edible oils to common cooking temperatures (200 °C) has minimal effect on TFA generation whereas heating to higher temperatures can increase TFA level. This provides further evidence in favour of public health advice that heating oils to very high temperatures and prolonged heating of oils should be avoided. 相似文献