头痛宁治疗偏头痛效果及安全性的Meta分析

目的 评价头痛宁胶囊治疗偏头痛的临床效果.方法 计算机检索维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库进行资料收集,筛选2001年1月1日～2014年6月1日间所有使用头痛宁与西药治疗偏头痛的随机对照试验(RCT),同时手动检测其参考文献.采用Jadad7分评分法评价纳入文献质量,由2名评价者独立进行文献质量评价和资料提取后,采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析.结果 检出符合标准RCT文献共144篇,筛选出10项研究(中药组602例,西药组566例)进行Meta分析.头痛宁治疗偏头痛效果与西药比较,其总OR=1.19,95％CI为(1.12,1.27);在治愈率方面,OR=1.61,其95％CI为(1.24,2.09);在安全性方面,其不良反应出现OR=1.64,95％CI为(0.29,0.90).结论 头痛宁治疗偏头痛效果确切,比西药单纯治疗效果好,两者合用可能取得更好的效果,但尚需更多高质量的研究以增加证据的强度.     

MMP-9和TIMP-3在内异症患者子宫内膜中的表达

目的观察比较基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)和基质金属蛋白酶抑制物(TIMPs)在异位、在位和正常子宫内膜中的表达,探讨其与子宫内膜异位症(内异症)的关系.方法应用免疫组化LSAB法和KS 400图像分析系统,检测MMP-9和TIMP-3在26例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者的异位子宫内膜和其中15例在位子宫内膜中的表达,分析阳性细胞的分布规律,以20例正常子宫内膜作为对照.结果 MMP-9和TIMP-3在正常和异位子宫内膜的腺上皮细胞、基质细胞中均有不同程度的表达.异位子宫内膜组织中MMP-9呈高表达状态, TIMP-3表达减少,与正常子宫内膜和在位内膜相比有显著差异 (P<0.05);在位子宫内膜与正常子宫内膜MMP-9和TIMP-3的表达无显著差异(P>0.05).结论提示异位内膜组织具有更强的侵袭力,其在子宫内膜异位症发病中起重要作用.     

双益方、组方中药及有效成分对骨骼肌及HepG2细胞胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的:研究双益方、组方中药及有效成分对骨骼肌细胞胰岛素抵抗模型葡萄糖消耗量及人肝癌HepG2细胞糖原合成,己糖激酶(hexokinase,HK),丙酮酸激酶(pyruvate kinase,PK)活性的影响,初步探讨其作用机制,为其临床应用奠定基础。方法:采用高胰岛素方法建立骨骼肌细胞的胰岛素抵抗(IR)模型,观察双益方低、中、高剂量组、组方中药(黄芪、山茱萸、黄连、桑白皮、葛根、佩兰),有效成分(黄芪甲苷,毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷,熊果酸,马钱苷,小檗碱,1-脱氧野尻霉素,葛根素)组(30,120,480μg·L-1)对骨骼肌细胞胰岛素抵抗模型的葡萄糖消耗量的影响,蛋白质免疫印迹法(Western blot)测定骨骼肌细胞蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶-1B(protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B,PTP-1B),葡萄糖转运蛋白4(glucosetransporters 4,GLUT4)表达;建立HepG2细胞的胰岛素抵抗模型,研究双益方、组方中药及其有效成分对HepG2细胞糖原合成及己糖激酶、丙酮酸激酶活性的影响。结果:双益方,黄芪,山茱萸,黄芪甲苷,1-脱氧野尻霉素,葛根素可降低骨骼肌细胞细胞上清液葡萄糖浓度(P0.05),以480μg·L-1双益方,黄芪甲苷组及葛根素组效果较好;与模型组比较,双益方、黄芪及有效成分组方可降低PTP-1B,提高GLUT-4的表达(P0.05,P0.01)。与正常组比较,模型组糖原合成量及HK,PK活性显著降低(P0.01);与模型组比较,各浓度组单味中药及有效成分均能一定程度的增加糖原合成量及HK,PK活性(P0.05,P0.01),其中黄芪甲苷、黄芪提取液增加糖原合成及提高HK活性作用较好;双益方提取液及葛根素增加PK活性作用较好。结论:双益方、组方中药及有效成分对骨骼肌,HepG2细胞胰岛素抵抗具有一定缓解作用,降低PTP-1B表达、提高GLUT4表达、增加糖原合成、提高HK,PK活性可能是其作用机制。     

Cadmium in Jamaican Bush Teas

Samples of Jamaican plants used as bush teas were collected from households in high soil-cadmium (Cd) areas of central Jamaica and analysed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry for total cadmium and for cadmium extractable with a hot water brew as prepared for human consumption to determine their contribution to dietary cadmium exposure. The concentrations ranged from < 0.03 to 6.85 μg/g for total Cd, between 1 and 15% of which was extracted with a hot water brew. One cup (200 ml) of the teas examined was found to contain < 0.04–1.18 μg of Cd and would contribute 0.1 – 0.3 μg of Cd to a person''s dietary intake. This is significantly below the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of 7 μg Cd/kg body weight established by the World Health Organization (WHO). While this suggests that bush tea consumption does not contribute significantly to the PTWI, some of the teas examined exceed the WHO recommendation of less than 0.3 mg/kg Cd for medicinal plants.     

Cell elastimetry in the detection of antineutrophil antibodies

Cell elastimetry has been applied to the measurement of antineutrophil antibodies. This technique measures, under direct visualization, the negative pressure required of aspirate PMNs into small-pored pipettes. Two groups of studies were carried out: (A) In the first group of studies, normal PMNs were incubated with 1 of 8 known antineutrophil serums. Each serum significantly decreased membrane deformability-- i.e., cells became more rigid. The study was conducted in an entirely blind fashion. Randomly coded serums from patients and controls were studied for deformability by observers unaware of the code. (B) In the second group of studies, sera containing immune complexes were incubated with normal PMNs. No significant effects were noted upon deformability. As a single cell assay that partially reflects membrane rigidity, elastimetry may, therefore, have potential in the further characterization of mechanisms by which such antineutrophil antibodies compromise neutrophil functions.     

卵巢过度刺激综合征发病机制的研究进展

卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)是促排卵过程中严重的医源性并发症,人绒毛膜促性腺激素诱导排卵使过多卵泡受刺激有关。其发病机制不明,病理生理特征主要为毛细血管通透性增加以及富含蛋白的液体停留在血管外间隙,导致血液浓缩,第三间隙水肿。现从血管内皮生长因子、血小板活化因子、溶血磷脂酸诱导炎性因子、囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子、肾素-血管紧张素系统对OHSS发病机制进行探讨分析,为临床更好地治疗和预防OHSS的发生提供理论依据。