五子降糖方对T2DM模型大鼠骨骼肌GLUT4蛋白表达的影响

目的: 观察五子降糖方对2型糖尿病模型大鼠血糖及骨骼肌葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)表达的影响,初步探讨其改善糖代谢的分子机制。 方法: 采用高脂饮食喂养6周联合ip小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)的方法建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分为模型组、二甲双胍(0.1 g·kg^-1)组、五子降糖方低、中、高剂量组(3.5,7.0,14.0 g·kg^-1),另设正常组,各组大鼠分别ig相应的药物,容量为7.5 mL·kg^-1。模型组及正常组ig纯净水;二甲双胍组ig盐酸二甲双胍混悬液;五子降糖方低、中、高剂量组ig五子降糖方混悬液,干预6周。分别在ig前、ig后2周、4周、6周测空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖。ig后6周处死大鼠,取其左后肢大腿股直肌组织,检测GLUT4蛋白的表达。 结果: 与正常组比较,模型组T2DM大鼠空腹和餐后2 h血糖升高,骨骼肌GLUT4蛋白表达水平降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);五子降糖方能够降低T2DM大鼠空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖水平,提高T2DM大鼠骨骼肌GLUT4蛋白表达水平,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论: 五子降糖方可降低T2DM模型大鼠空腹及餐后2 h血糖,作用机制可能与提高骨骼肌GLUT4蛋白表达水平有关。     

通莲汤对胃癌MGC803细胞周期及NF-κBs信号通路的影响

目的: 研究通莲汤对胃癌MGC803细胞形态、生长周期的调节作用及细胞核转录因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路的影响,以探讨该方抑制胃癌细胞增殖的机制。 方法: 将MGC803细胞以1×10⁴个细胞/孔的密度接种于96孔细胞培养板,以含5%胎牛血清DMEM培养液培养,37 ℃,5%饱和湿度的CO₂培养箱孵育,细胞贴壁24 h,分别加入浓度为25~800 mg·L^-1倍比梯度的通莲汤提取液,以10~160 mg·L^-1倍比浓度的氟脲嘧啶为阳性对照组,孵育48 h后,倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态,MTT比色法检测细胞增殖变化,曲线拟合法计算通莲汤和氟脲嘧啶50%抑制浓度(IC₅₀);以两者48 h IC₅₀浓度处理细胞48 h,流式细胞技术(FCM)测定细胞周期,Western blot法测定细胞IκB激酶β(IKKβ),NF-κB,phosph-NF-κB蛋白水平。 结果: 通莲汤和氟脲嘧啶48 h IC₅₀值分别为192.74 mg·L^-1,23.61 mg·L^-1;与空白对照组相比,通莲汤显著影响MGC803细胞周期中G₂期,氟脲嘧啶显著影响MGC803细胞周期中G₁期(P<0.05);通莲汤和氟脲嘧啶均能显著抑制IKKβ与NF-κB的蛋白表达。 结论: 通莲汤抑制MGC803细胞生长与抑制细胞于G₂期,下调NF-κB通路中IKKβ,NF-κB蛋白的表达有关。     

Percutaneous drainage access: a simplified coaxial technique

We describe an access technique that we have used in 150 nephrostomy and biliary drainage procedures and for access to some abscesses and viscera. The system provides safe coaxial access with a 22-gauge removable hub needle, which then acts as a guide wire and is replaced by an 18-gauge cannula. A major advantage is that only one guide wire is used (0.038-inch) for the entire drainage procedure. No significant complications have occurred to date with this method.     

Induction of proliferation of B prolymphocytic leukemia cells by phorbol ester and native or recombinant interferon-gamma

Phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces proliferation in nonmalignant human B cells and B cells from a patient with B prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL). Mitogen-free T cell-derived conditioned medium acts synergistically with PMA in inducing proliferation of B-PLL cells but does not enhance the PMA-stimulated outgrowth of nonmalignant B cells. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) has no effect on the outgrowth of B-PLL cells, and monoclonal antibodies against the IL-2 receptor do not influence the response to PMA and conditioned medium. Recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), in contrast, is a potent enhancer of PMA-induced proliferation of B-PLL cells. With gel filtration techniques and with the use of anti-IFN-gamma antibodies, it is shown that IFN-gamma in the conditioned medium is responsible for the observed increase in B-PLL cell proliferation. Preincubation of B- PLL cells with IFN-gamma induces responsiveness to PMA, whereas IFN- gamma alone had no effect on these cells when pretreated with PMA. The combined data show that, in the presence of PMA, native and recombinant IFN-gamma are growth factors for B cells from a B-PLL patient and that IL-2 is not involved in this process.     

反复种植失败的相关对策新进展

辅助生殖技术的迅速发展使众多不孕症患者借助体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)及其衍生技术获得了后代。然而很大一部分妇女经历多次优质胚胎移植亦不能获得妊娠,反复种植失败(RIF)已经成为阻碍妊娠率进一步提高的瓶颈问题,且日益受到生殖医学界的广泛关注。就目前的条件而言,对RIF患者给予药物或者机械操作以提高子宫内膜容受性,行宫腹腔镜检查排除宫腔及盆腔病变以改善胚胎种植环境,通过辅助孵化、选择性囊胚移植、植入前胚胎遗传学筛查、共培养等技术提高胚胎着床能力都有可能改善和提高其种植率及妊娠率。RIF成为了我们亟待解决的问题,现综述近年有关反复种植失败的相关对策新进展。     

外源性p53对Wnt通路抑制因子Dickkopf-1的表达作用

目的研究外源性p53对W nt通路抑制因子D ickkopf-1(DKK-1)的表达作用。方法将携带p53基因的复制缺陷型腺病毒载体(Adp53)导入到p53完全缺失的人肝癌细胞株Hep3B中,并以p53反以寡核苷酸阻断p53阳性细胞p53的表达,以W nt通路的关键因子-βcaten in的改变为功能指标评价W nt通路的变化。以RT-PCR技术检测W nt通路抑制因子DKK-1表达的调节作用,以流式细胞术检测Adp53的转基因情况,肝癌细胞中p53和β-caten in的表达。结果DKK-1mRNA水平在转染Adp53 20 h后即有明显升高,32 h达最高水平,随后逐渐降低。β-caten in表达水平随着转染时间和转染剂量的增加,阳性细胞百分比强度和平均荧光量强度表达水平逐渐下降。以p53反以寡核苷酸阻断p53阳性细胞p53表达后,抑制剂DKK-1的表达逐渐降低,-βcaten in表达水平逐渐增加。结论外源性p53能明显诱导W nt通路抑制剂DKK-1的表达,进而产生抑制W nt通路的作用。     

滋肾清肝代平方中7种成分血药浓度的测定及其在大鼠体内的药代动力学分析

目的:建立UPLC-MS-MS同时测定大鼠血浆中2,3,5,4'-四羟基二苯乙烯-2-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷,1-脱氧野尻霉素和决明子苷、红镰霉素龙胆二糖苷、橙黄决明素、甲基钝叶决明素、白藜芦醇的分析方法,研究大鼠服用滋肾清肝代平方后的药代动力学特征。方法:采用Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱,流动相0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾电离源,扫描方式为多反应离子监测。结果:7种成分在大鼠血浆中线性关系良好,提取回收率94.83%~106.58%,日内、日间精密度和准确度良好。7种成分在模型组大鼠中的药时曲线下面积、末端半衰期、达峰时间、清除率、表观分布容积、药峰浓度分别为(326.65±26.66)μg·L-1·h-1,(3.64±1.69)h,0.33 h,(60.56±5.32)L·h-1·kg-1,(325.13±167.18)L·kg-1,(169.25±18.02)μg·L-1。结论:该方法特异、快速、准确、灵敏,可用于滋肾清肝代平方在大鼠体内的药动学研究。     

Visual identification of bacterially contaminated red cells

There have been increasing numbers of reports of transfusion-acquired Yersinia enterocolitica bacteremia (including several fatal cases). Fifteen units of whole blood were inoculated with various concentrations of Y. enterocolitica serotype 0:3 and processed into AS-3 preserved red cells (RBCs). Consistent growth of the organism was found at inoculum concentrations greater than or equal to 10 colony-forming units per mL. In all 13 units of RBCs that supported the growth of Y. enterocolitica, a darkening in color (due to hemolysis and a decrease in pO2) was observed in the bag. The attached sample segments, which were sealed from the main unit, remained sterile and did not darken. This color change was apparent in all the contaminated units by Day 35, which was 1.5 to 2 weeks after the bacteria were first detected in cultures of the blood. Hence, by comparison of the color of the segment tubing with that of the unit itself, units grossly contaminated with Y. enterocolitica can be identified prior to transfusion. Moreover, review of photographs on file at the Centers for Disease Control revealed this dramatic color change in 2 units of blood that caused transfusion-transmitted sepsis (Enterobacter agglomerans and an unidentified gram-negative bacillus, not Yersinia sp.), which demonstrated that the color change was not limited to Y. enterocolitica. This method of visual identification of contaminated units of blood could decrease the incidence of posttransfusion bacterial sepsis.