Toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis and review

Introduction

Many case-control studies have investigated the association between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, published data are still conflicting.

Material and methods

A systematic search was conducted in the electronic databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and CNKI between 2000 and 2014. The associations between TLR4 polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility were assessed by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in fixed or random effects models.

Results

In total nine case-control studies were identified in this meta-analysis. For TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism, 9 studies included 1198 cases and 1290 controls. The GG genotype carriers had higher risk for developing CRC than AA + GA genotype carriers (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.00–3.77, p = 0.05). No association was found in other genetic models (p > 0.05). Analysis stratified by ethnicity showed no association in any genetic models among the Asian or Caucasian population. For TLR4 Thr399Ile polymorphism, 6 studies contained 619 cases and 632 controls. The overall analysis showed significantly increased risk in TT homozygote carriers compared to CC homozygote (OR = 4.99, 95% CI: 1.41–17.65, p = 0.01) and C carriers (TC + CC) (OR = 4.50, 95% CI: 1.27–15.87, p = 0.02). In terms of analyses stratified by race, a significant association was found in each genetic model among the Asian population, rather than the Caucasian group.

Conclusions

The GG homozygote carriers of TLR4 Asp299Gly and TT homozygote carriers of TLR4 Thr399Ile polymorphisms might be correlated with an increased risk of CRC, suggesting they may serve as genetic risk factors for CRC.     

miR-34c-3p inhibits cell proliferation,migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting MARCKS

Recent studies have shown that microRNA-34c-3p (miR-34c-3p) is down-regulated in various types of cancers and involved in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. However, the roles of miR-34c-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are poorly understood. In this study, the expression profile of miR-34c-3pin HCC tissues and cell lines were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlations of miR-34c-3p expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. The biological role of MiR-34c-3pin cell proliferation, migration and invasion was examined. In addition, the targets of miR-34c-3p were identified. The results showed that miR-34c-3p expression was significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines; low expression level of miR-34c-3p was correlated with vascular invasion and advanced TNM stage. In vitro functional assays showed that overexpression of miR-34c-3pin HepG2 and Huh7 cells significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, target analysis and luciferase assay identified myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase c substrate (MARCKS) as a specific target of miR-34c-3p. Knockdown of MARCKS in HepG2 cells reduced cell migration and invasion, but not cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings implicate the potential application of miR-34c-3p as a tumor suppressor in cancer therapy.     

使用自制模拟宫内妊娠模型练习产科超声检查技术

目的探讨使用自制模拟宫内妊娠模型练习产科超声检查技术的价值。方法应用自制模拟宫内妊娠模型进行产科超声检查练习并与临床相同孕周产科超声检查进行对比,评价其效果。结果自制模拟宫内妊娠模型虽然内部胎儿虽无胎动,且无法显示循环系统的彩色血流信号,但胎儿结构显示清晰,可以达到练习产科超声检查技术的目的。结论自制模拟宫内妊娠模型可广泛用于练习产科超声检查技术。     

腹腔镜超声引导下微波消融治疗肝细胞性肝癌合并肝硬化的价值

目的评价肝硬化背景下经腹腔镜超声引导微波消融治疗肝细胞性肝癌的安全性和有效性。方法选取经腹腔镜超声引导下微波消融治疗伴有肝硬化的肝细胞性肝癌患者71例,定期对患者行血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)及影像学检查以评估治疗效果。结果术中腹腔镜超声检查,发现7个术前影像学未检出的肝内病灶(6.9%)。共计101个肝肿瘤病灶,均在腹腔镜超声引导下成功完成肿瘤微波消融治疗,患者血清AFP水平明显降低,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。术后仅1例患者出现术后严重并发症(1.4%),无死亡情况。术后1个月后复查,超声造影及增强CT均显示肝病灶完全消融,未见残留。术后随访(11.5±10.1)个月,4个病灶发现局部复发,6个病灶出现远处转移,3个病灶同时发生局部复发和远处转移。结论腹腔镜超声引导下的肝癌微波消融治疗具有安全、有效、恢复期短及并发症发生率低等优点。     

精神科护士职业价值观与社会支持的调查分析

目的了解精神科护士职业价值观及社会支持状况。方法 2014年10月,采用护士职业价值观量表(nursing professional values scale-revised,NPVS-R)及社会支持评定量表(social spuport rate scale,SSRS)对广西某精神病专科医院的78名专科护士进行调查。结果 78名精神科护士获得的社会支持偏低,SSRS得分为(36.95±6.30)分;职业价值观为中等水平,得分为(3.30±0.62)分;其社会支持与职业价值观水平呈正相关(P0.05)。结论护理管理者应通过提升精神科护士的社会支持以促进专科护士职业价值水平的提高。     

微型钢板与克氏针内固定治疗掌骨骨折的效果对比

目的:评价并比较微型钢板与克氏针内固定治疗掌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法:选取收治的掌骨骨折患者77例,随机分为两组,其中观察组39例,采用微型钢板固定,对照组38例,采用克氏针内固定,观察并比较两组患者术中情况、临床疗效与术后并发症情况。结果:观察组临床疗效优为23例(59.0%),良为13例(33.3%),差为3例(7.7%),对照组临床疗效优为15例(39.5%),良为12例(31.6%),差为11例(28.9%),两组患者临床疗效与骨折愈合时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症情况明显优于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微型钢板固定治疗掌骨骨折的临床疗效好,能有效降低患者术后并发症的产生,值得在临床上予以推广。     

神经酰胺通过JNK-c-Jun信号通路诱导胶质瘤细胞自噬性死亡

目的探讨神经酰胺对大鼠脑胶质瘤细胞C6自噬性死亡的影响及其作用机制。方法不同浓度神经酰胺作用于C6细胞后,用MTT法检测细胞的存活率,流式法检测细胞凋亡的改变;Western blotting及电镜的方法观察细胞自噬水平的改变,以及JNK及其下游靶分子c-Jun的磷酸化水平变化;最后进一步借助JNK特异性抑制剂SP600125抑制JNK的活性,观察其对神经酰胺诱导的细胞自噬情况的影响。结果与对照组相比,神经酰胺作用24 h后,C6细胞存活率明显降低,且具有剂量依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组相比,神经酰胺作用24 h后,C6细胞死亡明显升高且具有剂量依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但其中凋亡性死亡比例较低;神经酰胺作用后细胞内自噬小体数目,LC3B/LC3A的比值,Beclin-1的表达水平,以及JNK和c-Jun磷酸化水平都显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);提前给予JNK特异性抑制剂SP600125抑制JNK的活性后,显著阻断神经酰胺诱导的细胞自噬。结论神经酰胺可诱导胶质瘤细胞C6发生自噬性死亡,其诱导胶质瘤细胞发生自噬的机制可能与激活JNK信号通路有关。     

血清GP73和AFP对肝细胞癌诊断的临床价值比较

目的 比较血清GP73和AFP检测对肝细胞癌( HCC)诊断的临床应用价值. 方法 用化学发光免疫分析法测定63例HCC、56例肝硬化、60例慢性肝炎和68健康对照血清AFP水平,ELISA法测定血清GP73水平. 结果 HCC患者血清GP73和AFP水平与肝硬化、慢性肝炎和健康人群间的差异有统计学意义( P＜0. 05 ). 血清GP73对HCC的灵敏度( SEN)、特异性( SPE)和准确度分别为73. 0%、89. 7%和85. 4%. 血清AFP对HCC的SEN、SPE和准确度分别为57. 1%、88. 0%和80. 2%. 血清GP73 +AFP并联试验对HCC的SEN、SPE和准确度分别为81. 0%、81. 0%和81. 0%.GP73和AFP的ROC曲线下面积分别为0. 889和0. 796. 结论 血清GP73对肝细胞癌的诊断效能优于血清AFP,GP73是HCC诊断的较好血清标志物.