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681.
A collaborative, double-blind randomized study of cetiedil citrate in sickle cell crisis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Benjamin LJ; Berkowitz LR; Orringer E; Mankad VN; Prasad AS; Lewkow LM; Chillar RK; Peterson CM 《Blood》1986,67(5):1442-1447
We have recently completed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, noncrossover study, the goal of which was to determine whether cetiedil citrate (cetiedil) could affect the course of vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell disease. Patients, who presented to the emergency room at least 4 but no more than 24 hours after the onset of a painful vasoocclusive crisis severe enough to require hospitalization, were considered candidates for the study. Each patient received either placebo or cetiedil at one of the following three dosages: 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 mg/kg body weight. The assigned drug dosage was given as a 30 minute intravenous infusion every 8 hours for 4 consecutive days. A total of 67 patients was enrolled in the study. Cetiedil, at its highest dosage (0.4 mg/kg body weight), was found to be significantly superior to placebo both in reducing the number of painful sites present on all 4 treatment days and in shortening the total time in crisis. No serious adverse reactions were observed during the course of the study. We conclude that cetiedil, given at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg body weight, is therapeutically advantageous for sickle cell crisis. 相似文献
682.
Parker PM; Chao N; Nademanee A; O'Donnell MR; Schmidt GM; Snyder DS; Stein AS; Smith EP; Molina A; Stepan DE 《Blood》1995,86(9):3604-3609
Thalidomide has been reported to be an effective agent for treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (CGVHD). To determine the efficacy of this agent in patients with refractory CGVHD a total of 80 patients who failed to respond to prednisone (PSE) or PSE and cyclosporine (CSA) were treated with thalidomide. Sixteen patients (20%) had a sustained response, 9 with a complete remission and 7 with a partial response. Twenty-nine patients (36%) had thalidomide discontinued because of side effects, which included sedation, constipation, neuritis, skin rash, and neutropenia. Side effects were reversible with drug discontinuation except for mild residual neuritis in one case. Rashes and neutropenia have not previously been reported as thalidomide side effects when used for CGVHD treatment. We conclude thalidomide is immunosuppressive and active in the treatment of CGVHD. A high incidence of reversible side effects limited dose intensity and reduced the number of patients who could benefit from treatment. 相似文献
683.
Studies of in vitro activated CD5+ B cells 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Human B lymphocytes undergo distinct phenotypic changes following activation with antigen and polyclonal mitogens. Increasing interest has focused on the unique subpopulation of B cells that expresses the CD5 antigen. In this study, we examined the signals that induce the expression of CD5 on normal splenic B cells. Only 12-O- tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced CD5 expression on highly purified splenic B cells, whereas anti-immunoglobulin (anti-Ig), Epstein-Barr virus, anti-CD20, recombinant interleukin-1 (rIL-1), rIL- 2, rIL-4, recombinant interferon-gamma (rINF-gamma), and B-cell growth factor all failed to induce CD5 expression. The expression of CD5 was detected on the cell surface by 48 hours and decreased by 96 hours. Dual-fluorochrome analysis demonstrated that the CD5+ B cells coexpressed the B-cell activation antigens B5, IL-2 receptor, and CD23, thereby providing phenotypic evidence that this B-cell subpopulation is activated. In vitro studies of dual-fluorochrome-sorted, TPA-stimulated splenic B cells demonstrated significantly greater tritiated thymidine incorporation and Ig secretion by the CD20+ CD5- cells than by the CD20+ CD5+ subset. These phenotypic and functional studies are consistent with the notion that TPA-induced CD5+ B cells are a subset of in vitro activated B lymphocytes. 相似文献
684.
Peppone LJ Rickles AS Janelsins MC Insalaco MR Skinner KA 《Annals of surgical oncology》2012,19(8):2590-2599
Background
Studies show that women with low vitamin D levels have an increased risk of breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality, but there is a lack of research examining vitamin D levels and prognostic variables in BC patients. The aim of this study is to examine 25-OH vitamin D levels between BC cases and controls and by prognostic indicators among BC cases.Methods
25-OH vitamin D levels were collected from 194 women who underwent BC surgery and 194 cancer-free (CF) controls at the University of Rochester between January 2009 and October 2010. Mean 25-OH vitamin D levels and odds ratios (OR) were calculated by case/control status for the overall cohort and by prognostic indicators (invasiveness, ER status, triple-negative status, Oncotype DX score, molecular phenotype) for BC cases.Results
BC cases had significantly lower 25-OH vitamin D levels than CF controls (BC: 32.7?ng/mL vs. CF: 37.4?ng/mL; P?=?.02). In case-series analyses, women with suboptimal 25-OH vitamin D concentrations (<32?ng/mL) had significantly higher odds of having ER? (OR?=?2.59, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]?=?1.08?C6.23) and triple-negative cancer (OR?=?3.15, 95% CI?=?1.05?C9.49) than those with optimal 25-OH D concentrations. Women with basal-like phenotype had lower 25-OH vitamin D levels than women luminal A phenotype (basal-like: 24.2?ng/mL vs. luminal A: 32.8?ng/mL; P?=?0.04).Conclusions
BC patients with a more aggressive molecular phenotype (basal-like) and worse prognostic indicators (ER? and triple-negative) had lower mean 25-OH vitamin D levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the biological relationship between vitamin D and BC progression. 相似文献685.
The common 'thermolabile' variant of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase is a major determinant of mild hyperhomocysteinaemia 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Harmon DL; Woodside JV; Yarnell JW; McMaster D; Young IS; McCrum EE; Gey KF; Whitehead AS; Evans AE 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(8):571-577
Mild hyperhomocysteinaemia is a major risk factor for vascular disease and
neural tube defects (NTDs), conferring an approximately three-fold relative
risk for each condition. It has several possible causes: heterozygosity for
rare loss of function mutations in the genes for 5,10-methylene
tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) or cystathionine-&bgr;-synthase
(CBS); dietary insufficiency of vitamin co-factors B6, B12 or folates; or
homozygosity for a common 'thermolabile' mutation in the MTHFR gene which
has also been associated with vascular disease and NTDs. We quantified the
contribution of the thermolabile mutation to the hyperhomocysteinaemic
phenotype in a working male population (625 individuals). Serum folate and
vitamin B12 concentrations were also measured and their relationship with
homocysteine status and MTHFR genotype assessed. The homozygous
thermolabile genotype occurred in 48.4, 35.5, and 23.4% for the top 5, 10
and 20% of individuals repectively) ranked by plasma homocysteine levels,
compared with a frequency of 11.5% in the study population as a whole
establishing that the mutation is a major determinant of homocystein levels
at the upper end of the range. Serum folate concentrations also varied with
genotype, being lowest in thermolabile homozygotes. The MTHFR thermolabile
genotype should be considered when population studies are designed to
determine the effective homocysteine-lowering dose of dietary folate
supplements, and when prophylactic doses of folate are recommended for
individuals.
相似文献
686.
David Amar MD John Neidzwski MS AS Alvin Wald PhD A. Donald Finck MD 《Journal of clinical monitoring and computing》1989,5(2):135-136
Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) values displayed on the pulse oximeter dropped dramatically in 3 children undergoing neurosurgical procedures when a hand-held fluorescent light was used to observe the patients. Pulse rates were unchanged on both the electrocardiograph and pulse oximeter. Electromagnetic interference was excluded as the cause of desaturation. A great deal of energy was emitted by the hand-held light in the 660-nm region, which is one of the wavelengths used by the oximeter. False readings of pulse rate and SaO2 values caused by ambient light could be avoided if oximeter probes were manufactured of black opaque material that does not transmit light or enclosed in an opaque plastic housing. 相似文献
687.
DC Kandiloros MD PHD GA Goletsos MD PHD TP Nikolopoulos MD PhD EA Ferekidis MD PhD AS Tsomis MD PhD GK Adamopoulos MD PHD 《International journal of clinical practice》1997,51(2):69-70
SUMMARY In this study we investigated the possible relationship of laryngeal cancer and subclinical lead intoxication, using the depression of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity in blood as indicator. Twenty-six patients with laryngeal cancer and 53 normal controls met the criteria to enter the study. Blood ALAD activity values in the patients with laryngeal cancer ranged from 27.1 to 75.3 U/l with a mean of 50.79 U/l. The respective values in the control group ranged from 36.2 to 98 U/l with a mean of 59.76 U/l. There was a statistically significant difference between the two means (0.001 <p<0.01), whereas blood lead concentrations in all patients were within normal limits. These findings support the hypothesis that low level lead intoxication (subclinical blood lead levels), from cars, industries and products, may contribute to the risk of laryngeal cancer. Further investigation is needed to clarify the exact relationship between lead and cancer of the larynx. 相似文献
688.
Lalloo DG; Trevett AJ; Black J; Mapao J; Saweri A; Naraqi S; Owens D; Kamiguti AS; Hutton RA; Theakston RD; Warrell DA 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(1):25-35
Thirty-two patients with enzyme-immunoassay-proven death adder (Acanthophis
sp.) bites were studied in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. Eighteen were
envenomed; local signs were rare and none had incoagulable blood, but all
except one had signs of neurotoxicity. Five (27.7%) envenomed patients
required intubation and ventilation. One patient developed renal failure,
previously undescribed following death adder bites. Laboratory
investigations showed mild prolongation of prothrombin and partial
thromboplastin times in some patients. In vitro studies showed that the
venom contains anticoagulant activity, but does not cause fibrinogenolysis.
In contrast to taipan envenoming, neurotoxicity did not progress after
antivenom administration, and there was reversal of neurotoxicity, evident
within 6 h, in three severely envenomed patients treated less than 12 h
after the bite. One patient treated with antivenom and anticholinesterases
had the most dramatic response to treatment; the optimum management of
bites by this species may include prompt treatment with both antivenom and
anticholinesterases in addition to effective first aid.
相似文献
689.