列车乘务员SCL—90评定结果分析

采用ＳＣＬ—９０症状自评量表对某铁路分局４６７名列车乘务员的心理卫生状况进行了分析。结果显示总均分、阳性症状均分、阳性项目数、九组症候群因子分、达到或超过中等严重程度的发生频数均显著高于对照组。经多元逐步回归分析,仅细菌总数和二氧化碳对列车乘务员心理卫生状况有一定影响,其原因多与工作环境的不良因素和工作性质有关。     

Treatment of infected left ventricular assist device using antibiotic-impregnated beads

There is no well-established therapy for treating infections of heart-assist or artificial heart devices, a serious problem with life-threatening consequences. We used a promising new approach in which antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads were placed around an implanted left ventricular assist device to control an external blood pump infection in a bridge-to-transplant patient. In this case report, we describe the potential of antimicrobial-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads for in situ control of infections involving external surfaces of cardiovascular devices.     

National health expenditures, 1998

In 1998, national health care expenditures reached $1.1 trillion, an increase of 5.6 percent from the previous year. This marked the fifth consecutive year of spending growth under 6 percent. Underlying the stability of the overall growth, major changes began taking place within the Nation's health care system. Public payers felt the initial effects of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA), and private payers experienced increased health care costs and increased premium growth.     

Anti-tumor ribonuclease, combined with or conjugated to monoclonal antibody MRK16, overcomes multidrug resistance to vincristine in vitro and in vivo

Onconase, a ribonuclease isolated from Rana pipiens oocytes and early embryos, is a member of the RNase A superfamily. Onconase has anti-neoplastic properties both in vitro and in vivo, and is undergoing clinical evaluation. In the present study, Onconase was combined with or conjugated to MRK16, an anti-P-glycoprotein (Pgp) monoclonal antibody. The interaction of these combinations with vincristine (VCR) against parental and multidrug resistant (MDR), Pgp expressing, human colon carcinoma cells caused increased VCR cytotoxicity in vitro and enhanced survival of athymic nude mice given transplants of drug resistant HT-29(mdr1) cells in vivo. The results suggest that combination treatment with Onconase and other agents that modulate the chemosensitivity of Pgp-expressing human tumor cells has the potential to overcome MDR.     

Dorsal root ganglionectomy for failed back surgery syndrome: a 5-year follow-up study.

Dorsal root ganglionectomy has been suggested as a method for the treatment of chronic intractable radicular pain, with theoretical advantages over dorsal rhizotomy, which does not interrupt ventral root afferents. The indications for these procedures in patients with persistent pain following lumbosacral spine surgery are not well established. Long-term results have been reported infrequently, and no published series has a mean follow-up period of more than 30 months. The authors have reviewed their experience with a series of 13 patients with failed back surgery syndrome, in whom dorsal root ganglionectomy was performed. Patients were selected on the basis of clinical presentation and diagnostic root blocks suggesting a monoradicular pain syndrome. Follow-up data were obtained at a mean of 5.5 years following dorsal root ganglionectomy. Follow-up interviews to assess outcome were conducted by a disinterested third party. Treatment "success" (at least 50% sustained relief of pain and patient satisfaction with the result) was recorded in two patients at 2 years after surgery and in none at 5.5 years. Equivocal success (at least 50% relief, without clearcut patient satisfaction) was recorded in one patient at 2 and at 5.5 years postoperatively. Improvements in activities of daily living were recorded in a minority of patients. Loss of sensory and motor function was reported frequently by patients. A minority of patients had reduced or eliminated analgesic intake. These results suggest that dorsal root ganglionectomy has a limited role in the management of failed back surgery syndrome, and that methods to select patients to receive this procedure should be refined or alternative approaches should be considered.