老年心功能不全血浆心钠素浓度的变化

采用放射免疫法测定31例老年心功能不全患者血浆心钠素(ANP)浓度,发现老年心功能不全组ANP明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。血浆ANP含量随心功能不全的严重程度而明显减少(P<0.05)。病程与ANP浓度呈负相关 (r=-0.441,P<0.05)。不同病种、不同受累部位及有或无房颤之间ANP差异无显著性(P<0.05)。     

Changes in marital and sexual functioning in long-term survivors and their spouses: Testicular cancer versus hodgkin's disease

This study compares the effects of the cancer experience on various aspects of marital and sexual functioning (e.g., communication, emotional support, body image, sexual satisfaction and frequency) for two groups of long-term cancer survivors (testicular cancer and Hodgkin's disease) and their spouses. Comparisons between the two patient groups showed significantly more survivors of Hodgkin's disease than testicular cancer reporting the emergence of special issues and changes in the marital relationship. No differences emerged between the spouse groups on sexual functioning variables; however, spouses of survivors of Hodgkin's disease were more likely than spouses of survivors of testicular cancer to report the development of special issues and communication difficulties. A substantial proportion of both survivor groups disclosed negative changes in body image and sexual frequency. Majorities of both survivors and spouses acknowledged that the illness had drawn them closer together. When representative marital/sexual functioning variables were used to predict Family Environment Scale (FES) scores for survivors and for spouses, changes in the spouse's importance, influence of the illness on the relationship, and changes in sexual frequency emerged as significant predictors. The clinical significance of long-term changes in marital and sexual functioning for the couple and the need for therapeutic interventions are discussed.     

抗体阴性重症肌无力发病与凝集素之间关系研究

借助研究抗体阴性重症肌无力（ＭＧ）发病与凝集素之间的关系，以阐明其发病过程是否与凝集素有关。方法观察伴刀豆球蛋白Ａ（ＣｏｎＡ）和麦胚凝集素（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ）及其凝集素－糖复合物对ＴＥ６７１细胞表达的乙酰胆碱受体（ＡＣｈＲ）功能的作用，以及对α－ＢｕＴｘ结合试验的影响。结果有两种凝集素对ＡＣｈＲ功能均有抑制作用，抑制率（％）分别为５４±１４（ｎ＝１１）和４７±１６（ｎ＝１０），此作用可被３种糖抑制，抑制率（％）分别为：９５±５（ｎ＝５）和８４±８（ｎ＝５）；６９±６（ｎ＝４）和６５±５（ｎ＝４）；３９±４（ｎ＝５）和５７±６（ｎ＝５）；ＣｏｎＡ抑制α－ＢｕＴｘ结合试验，而Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ则不能。结论Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ和抗体阴性ＭＧ患者非ＩｇＧ部分对ＡＣｈＲ功能和α－ＢｕＴｘ结合试验的作用类同或一致，表明抗体阴性ＭＧ患者非ＩｇＧ部分中的内源性Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ样糖蛋白在其发病过程中起重要作用。     

磁共振尿路成像对泌尿系疾病的诊断价值

目的评价磁共振尿路成像(Magneticresonanceurography,MRU)对泌尿系疾病的诊断价值。方法对36例泌尿系疾病患者进行MRU检查,并结合临床手术、病理资料和其他影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果36例患者中,均有MRU阳性结果,3例肾盂、肾盏癌,4例前列腺癌,8例前列腺增生症,2例输尿管癌定性、定位明确;9例肾盂、输尿管移行段梗阻定位明确,定性有帮助;10例输尿管下段梗阻中6例诊断明确,4例未能确诊。结论MRU在泌尿系疾病的诊断中,对肿瘤的定位、定性参考价值较高,对尿路梗阻定位诊断有价值,对定性诊断帮助有其局限性。     

不同婴儿食品铝含量的测定

本文应用原子吸收光谱法测定母乳、牛奶、奶粉及不同喂养方式婴儿血清中锌、铜、铁及铝含量。母乳中锌、铜、铁含量均较牛奶丰富，铝含量低于牛奶；奶粉中锌、铜、铁含量高于牛奶，与母乳无显著差异，铝含量高于牛奶。母乳、牛奶及奶粉喂养的贫血患儿血清铝含量无显著差异，均明显低于铝中毒的血清铝水平。     

Additive effects of earthworm extract with HpD-laser on the enhancement of reactive oxygen production and the inhibition of[~3H]—thymidine.uptake in mouse ascitic tumor cells

The effects of combined use of earthworm extract(912)and HpD-laser on the produc-tion of reactive oxygen and the biosynthesis of DNA in S_(180) tumor cells were studied throughchemiluminescence measurement and[~3H]-TdR incorporation assay.The results showed that as com-pared with the control,the intensity of chemiluminescence emitted by tumor cells treatedsimultaneously with 912 and HpD-laser was enhanced more than ten-folds,while that treated with912 or HpD-laser alone was increased only 2～4 folds.The[~3H]-TdR incorporation into tumorcells of the former group was inhibited upto 74.1%,and that of the latter groups decreased onlyby 42.2% and 40.0%,respectively.In accordance with these biochemical changes,the ultrastructuraldamage of tumor cells of the former,combinedly treated group appeared to be the most serious.This suggests an additive effect of 912 with HpD-laser on tumor cells.In addition,if free radicalscavengers,such as catalase and superoxide dismutase,were added to the reaction systembefore chemiluminescence assay,the luminescent enhancement effect mentioned above was dramaticallyalleviated,implying the presence of O_2~ and H_2O_2 in the system.Therefore,as to the toxic effecton tumor cells,912 and HpD-laser are not only additive in efficiency,but also similar in theunderlying mechanism of action.     

川芎嗪和维拉帕米对缺血性急性肾衰初期保护效应的实验研究

１８只犬切除右肾，钳夹左肾动脉６０分的肾缺血模型，再灌注５小时。将动物随机分成对照组、川芎嗪组及维拉帕米组。观察尿量、菊糖清除率、利钠指数、平均动脉压及心率；再灌注５小时取肾组织作形态学检查。结果显示川芎嗪对肾功能及形态有保护作用，维拉帕米则无此作用，提示在手术中有肾缺血时以川芎嗪作为肾保护药物优于维拉帕米。     

Role of macrophage and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in association with oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the atherosclerotic development.

To examine the role of the apoptosis of macrophages and smooth muscle cells in the development of atherosclerosis, human aortic tissues with intimal lesions were immunostained with antibodies against terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), single-stranded DNA (clone F7-26), and active caspase-3. Apoptotic cells were detected in the intima using both TUNEL and single-stranded DNA, however, the latter method was the more sensitive one for detecting apoptotic cells in the early stages of atherosclerosis. The number of apoptotic cells increased as the disease progressed. It implies that the apoptosis of intimal cells is involved in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. In addition, quantitative analyses of the cell types undergoing apoptosis using double-immunostaining revealed that the susceptibility of macrophages and smooth muscle cells to apoptosis was greater specifically in atheroma than in the other atherosclerotic lesions, and macrophages were more susceptible to apoptosis than smooth muscle cells. The frequency and spatial distribution of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) (FOH1a/DLH3)-positive cells were examined by immunohistochemistry, and the results resembled those of apoptotic cells. The number of oxLDL-positive cells in the intima significantly correlated with the susceptibility of smooth muscle cells, but not with that of macrophages, to apoptosis. These results suggest that oxLDL affects the apoptosis of smooth muscle cells during the atherosclerotic development.     

31例活动性肺结核治疗前及治愈后的CT征象分析

目的 探讨抗结核疗前及治愈后活动性肺结核CT征象的变化特点.方法 选取临床治愈的活动性肺结核31例,对比观察活动性肺结核的CT征象转归表现.结果 肺结核活动性CT征象治愈前检出率为100.0%,治疗后检出率为35.5%.活动性CT征象中毛玻璃阴影、节段分布小叶中心结节影、小叶样实变影、树芽征、支气管壁增厚、厚壁空洞和肺实变治疗前检出率分别为87.1%、80.6%、80.1%、61.3%、58.1%、48.4%和32.3%、,治愈后检出率分别为0、19.4%、0、0、12.9%、0和3.2%.治疗前活动性肺结核CT检查可检出多种活动性影像,而疗程结束后上述征象减少并多以单发为主,两者有显著差异（P＜0.01）.结论 CT检查有助于活动性肺结核治疗疗效的判定,并具有较高的敏感度,但特异度较低.     

鞋带式可调整缝线在小梁切除术中的应用

目的评价鞋带式可调整缝线在小梁切除术中作用和效果。方法回顾性分析首次接受小梁切除术的青光眼患者156例205眼,其中无可调整缝线(A组)41眼,行褥式可调整缝线(B组)66眼和行鞋带式可调整缝线者(C组)98眼,对照分析各组术后低眼压、浅前房、脉络膜脱离等并发症的发生情况。结果3组病例术后眼压控制理想;术后浅前房、低眼压发生率C组低于A组和B组,差异均具显著性意义(P<0.05);脉络膜脱离发生率C组低于A组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);术后浅前房持续时间C组、B组明显低于A组,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论鞋带式可调整缝线在小梁切除术中的效果确切,可增加手术安全性,减少术后早期并发症。