Identification of fibrocytes in postburn hypertrophic scar

Fibrocytes are a unique leukocyte subpopulation implicated in wound healing. They are derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, display fibroblast-like properties, and synthesize extracellular matrix macromolecules. This study investigated whether fibrocytes are present in healing burn wounds and whether the number of fibrocytes in tissue correlates with the degree of burn injury and the development of hypertrophic scar. Proteins extracted from cultured fibrocytes and nonadherent lymphocytes were found to be similar using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and quite distinct from those obtained from fibroblasts. However, one protein, identified as leukocyte-specific protein 1 using mass spectrometric peptide mapping, was found in significantly larger amounts in fibrocytes than in lymphocytes but was undetectable in fibroblasts. Double immunostaining with antibodies to leukocyte-specific protein-1 and to the N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen was performed on cryosections of hypertrophic scar, mature scar, and normal skin. Fibrocytes were seen in scar tissue as dual-labeled spindle-shaped cells but were absent from normal skin. Moreover, the number of fibrocytes was higher in hypertrophic than in mature scar tissue. We conclude that fibrocytes, which have been reported to be antigen-presenting cells, are recruited to wounds following extensive burn injury and could potentially upregulate the inflammatory response and synthesize collagen and other matrix macromolecules, thus contributing to the development of hypertrophic scarring.     

3个厂家银杏叶提取物注射液在两种溶媒中的稳定性考察

摘 要 目的：考察3个不同厂家的银杏叶提取物注射液与两种溶媒（0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液）配伍后不同时间和不同条件（常温、高温和光照）下的稳定性。方法: 银杏叶提取物注射液与2种溶媒配伍后,分为常温组、高温组及光照组,考察各组成品输液的外观、不溶性微粒、pH及水解后黄酮类化合物含量变化,其中外观、不溶性微粒按中国药典2015年版四部通则项下特性检查法进行检测,黄酮类化合物含量采用HPLC UV法测定。结果:各成品输液24 h内无明显浑浊和沉淀,色泽无明显变化,为黄色澄清液,pH和微粒值无明显变化;5%葡萄糖注射液的成品输液pH较0.9%氯化钠注射液偏低,但均符合成品输液的pH要求;各成品输液中的槲皮素、异鼠李素于24 h内含量基本保持不变,神威药业的山奈酚含量较其他两个厂家偏高,但均在标准范围内。结论:3个不同厂家的成品输液在不同条件下的含量均较稳定。     

Antimutagenic Potential and Modulation of Carcinogen‐Metabolizing Enzymes by Ginger Essential Oil

Essential oil extracted from ginger (GEO) was evaluated for its mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 102, and TA 1535 strains with and without microsomal activation. GEO was found to be non‐mutagenic up to a concentration of 3 mg/plate. It was also assessed for antimutagenic potential against direct acting mutagens such as sodium azide, 4‐nitro‐o‐phenylenediamine, N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine, tobacco extract, and 2‐acetamidoflourene, which needs microsomal activation. GEO significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) the mutagenicity induced by these agents in a concentration‐dependent manner. The effect of GEO to modulate the action of phase I carcinogen‐metabolizing enzymes was investigated by studying its effect on various isoforms of microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes. Significant inhibition of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2B1/2, aniline hydroxylase (an indicator of CYP 2E1 activity), and aminopyrine‐N‐demethylase (indicator of CYP 1A, 2A, 2B, 2D, and 3A activity) was shown by GEO both in vitro and in vivo. GEO gave an IC₅₀ value of 30, 57.5, and 40 µg for CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2B1/2, respectively, 55 µg for aniline hydroxylase, and 37.5 µg for aminopyrene‐N‐demethylase. GEO also significantly increased the levels of phase II carcinogen‐metabolizing enzymes uridine 5′‐diphospho‐glucuronyl transferase and glutathione‐S‐transferase in vivo indicating the use of GEO as an antimutagen and as a potential chemopreventive agent. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Influence of Hyperoxygenated Solution for High Altitude Hemorrhagic Shock Rabbits＇ Resuscitational Effects and Plasma Endothelin and Nitric Oxide Release

Objective： In order to seek further simple, convenient and effective prevantive and treated measure as well as first-aid method on hemorrhagic shock in high altitude; Methods： The oxygenated hypertonic hypercolloid solution for high altitude hemorrhagic shock rabbits＇ resuscitation at kunlun mountain pass transport oil pump station of altitude 4700 m in high altitude field was observed; Results： This oxygenated hypertonic hypercolloid solution can rise the blood pressure and intraventricular pressure, picked up going up speed of intraventricular pressure in isovolumetric contraction phase and going clown speed of intraventricular pressure in isovolumetric relaxation phase on rabbits with hemorrhagic shock in high altitude, raise survival time and survival rate of shock animal, improve obvious pulmonary and kidney function of shock animal, no any adverse reaction,its effect superiorer obvious than the effect of isomotic solution plus vitamin C and naloxone, the experiment was still further demonstrated that the oxygenated hypertonic hypercol｜oid solution infused can reduce obvious the plasma the level ofendothelin （E-f）, raise the plasma the level of nitric oxide（NO）, maintenance the equilibrium of ET and NO ratio of intrakidney, the results showed that oxygenated solution infusion can influence the vascular endotheliocytes and other ceils on resease of ET and No; Conclusion： The resuscitation effect of oxygenated hypertonic bypercolloid solution on rabbits with hemorrhagic shock in high altitude field was better than other antishock solution.     

微囊藻毒素-LR致小鼠蛋白质氧化损伤的作用

目的：探讨微囊藻毒素-LR对小鼠肝、肾和睾丸组织蛋白质的氧化损伤程度。方法：用3.0、6.0和12.0μg/kg3种不同浓度的微囊藻毒素-LR对小鼠进行腹腔注射染毒（n=5）,染毒时间为7d,每天1次,并设阴性对照组。用2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法测定3种组织的蛋白质羰基含量。结果：随着微囊藻毒素-LR剂量的升高,小鼠肝、肾和睾丸的蛋白质羰基含量升高（F分别为44.631、21.975和23.962,P均〈0.001）。3.0μg/kg染毒组肝、肾蛋白质羰基含量[（3.72±0.23）和（3.99±0.48）mmol/kg]高于阴性对照组[（2.90±0.22）和（3.27±0.23）mmol/kg]（P均〈0.05）。3.0μg/kg染毒组睾丸蛋白质羰基含量[（1.91±0.25）mmol/kg]与阴性对照组[（1.69±0.27）mmol/kg]相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。6.0μg/kg染毒组肝、肾和睾丸蛋白质羰基含量[（4.55±0.45）、（4.44±0.53）和（2.53±0.24）mmol/kg]和12.0μg/kg染毒组肝、肾和睾丸蛋白质羰基含量[（5.62±0.55）、（5.67±0.60）和（3.15±0.41）mmol/kg]均高于阴性对照组（P均〈0.01）。结论：微囊藻毒素-LR对小鼠肝、肾和睾丸组织的蛋白质有氧化损伤作用。     

miR-455-5p在上皮性卵巢癌中表达研究及其靶基因功能分析

目的 研究miR-455-5p在上皮性卵巢癌中的表达情况,分析其表达对上皮性卵巢癌发生发展的影响。方法 从GEO数据库中下载正常卵巢上皮组织与上皮性卵巢癌组织miRNA表达数据GSE83693,通过差异表达分析获得上皮性卵巢癌中miRNA差异表达数据,分析miR-455-5p在正常卵巢上皮与上皮性卵巢癌组织中的表达是否存在差异,应用qRT-PCR验证差异表达预测结果;应用生物信息学软件对miR-455-5p靶基因进行KEGG通路富集分析及GO基因功能注释,探究miR-455-5p表达失调在上皮性卵巢癌发生发展过程中的作用。结果 筛选出明显差异表达miRNA 101例,34例表达上调,67例表达下调;其中miR-455-5p呈明显下调(P＜0.01),差异倍数为-2.9019;qRT-PCR验证结果显示,上皮性卵巢癌细胞(SKOV-3,OVCAR-3,A2780)中miR-455-5p表达量明显低于正常卵巢上皮细胞(IOSE-80),差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);KEGG通路富集分析结果显示,miR-455-5p调控的靶基因主要参与的通路共5个,包括有TGF-β信号通路,Hippo信号通路,ECM-受体相互作用,癌症中的转录失调通路,慢性粒细胞白血病,这些通路均与肿瘤相关。GO功能注释分析结果显示上述通路中miR-455-5p调控的靶基因主要参与蛋白质磷酸化,促进细胞增殖、迁移,抑制细胞凋亡,促进上皮-间充质转化,转录调节及调控细胞周期等与肿瘤发生相关的功能。结论 miR-455-5p在上皮性卵巢癌中表达下调,miR-455-5p靶基因参与上皮性卵巢癌肿瘤相关通路与功能,与上皮性卵巢癌发生发展相关。     

四甲基吡啶卟啉－光动力疗法对人宫颈永生化上皮H8细胞的作用

目的：探讨四甲基吡啶卟啉－光动力疗法（TMPyP4-PDT）对人宫颈永生化上皮H8细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法显微镜下观察TMPyP4-PDT后H8细胞形态学变化;采用细胞活力试剂盒（CCK-8）检测细胞的增殖活力;Annexin V-FITC／PI 双染试剂盒检测细胞凋亡率;免疫细胞化学 SABC 法检测 TMPyP4-PDT 对 H8细胞p16INK4a蛋白的表达变化;蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blotting）检测人端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）、p21蛋白的表达。结果 TMPyP4-PDT可抑制H8细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,且在一定范围呈TMPyP4剂量依赖性;免疫细胞化学SABC法结果显示,TMPyP4-PDT可降低细胞p16INK4a蛋白的阳性率;Western blotting结果表明,TMPyP4-PDT下调hTERT的表达,上调p21的表达。结论 TMPyP4-PDT可抑制H8细胞的增殖,诱导H8细胞的凋亡,其作用机制可能与下调p16INK4a、hTERT及上调p21的表达有关。     

Expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 in the cerebral cortex of rats after ischemia-hypoxic injury

BACKGROUND: Some researches demonstrate that exogenous bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) can protect ischemic cerebral nerve tissue and promote recovery of motor energy function; however, there is lack of direct evidences of endogenous BMP-7 effect. OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of endogenous BMP-7 in nerve tissue with ischemic-hypoxic injury and investigate the possible effects on damaged nerve tissue. DESIGN: Observational contrast animal study. SETTING: Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, Peking University Health Science Center. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Nerve Researching Laboratory of Anatomy Department, Peking University Health Science Center from October 2006 to March 2007. A total of 25 adult male SD rats weighing 250–300 g and several newborn SD rats were selected from Experimental Animal Center, Peking University Health Science Center. Rabbit-anti-BMP-7 polyclonal antibody was provided by Wuhan Boster Company. METHODS: ① Adult rats were randomly divided into ischemia group (n =10), sham operation group (n = 10) and normal group (n =5). Right external-internal carotid artery occlusion was used to infarct middle cerebral artery of adult rats in the ischemia group so as to copy focal cerebral infarction models. Line cork was inserted in crotch of internal and external carotid artery of adult rats in the sham operation group, while adult rats in the normal group were not given any treatments. ② Cerebral cortex of newborn rats was separated to obtain cell suspension. Cells which were cultured for 10 days were divided into control group and hypoxia/reoxygenation group. And then, cells in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group were cultured in hypoxic incubator for 4 hours and given reoxygenation for 24 hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Immunohistochemical method was used to measure expression of BMP-7 in cerebral cortex at 24 hours after ischemia/reperfusion culture and in primary hypoxic culture. RESULTS: ① At 24 hours after cerebral ischemia, expression of BMP-7 in cerebral cortex on ischemic side was stronger than that on non-ischemic side in adult rats; meanwhile, numbers of cell expression were increased. However, expression of BMP-7 was not detected in bilateral cerebral cortex of adult rats in both control group and sham operation group. ② After hypoxia of cerebral cortex in primary culture, positive products of BMP-7 were observed in plasma of neuron, but expression of BMP-7 was not found in normal cerebral cortex. CONCLUSION: Endogenous BMP-7 has protective effects on nerve tissue induced by ischemic-hypoxic injury.     

甲状腺功能亢进症131例心电图分析

对１３１例甲亢患者的心电图进行分析，发现１０４例（７９．３８％）心电图发生异常，与病程、年龄有关；心电图改变以心律失常、左室高电压、ＳＴ－Ｔ改变多见，是一种可逆性改变，提示甲亢心电图改变的原因在于甲亢本身。