同种异体肌腱移植修复运动损伤：免疫排斥反应及降低免疫排斥反应的方法

背景：异体肌腱来源丰富,取材方便,既保持原有的生物结构特性,又能满足供体质与量的要求。但是,未经处理的异体肌腱移植后免疫排斥反应较大。 目的：评价同种异体肌腱移植修复损伤的效果,总结降低免疫排斥反应的方法。 方法：采用电子检索的方式,在万方数据库(http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/)中检索1990-01/2011-11关于同种异体肌腱移植修复损伤的免疫排斥反应及降低免疫排斥反应方法研究的文章,关键词为“同种异体,肌腱,重建”。排除重复研究、普通综述或Meta分析类文章,筛选纳入33篇文献进行评价。 结果与结论：同种异体肌腱移植最主要的问题是组织相容性较差,免疫排斥强烈。未经过处理的同种异体肌腱修复损伤后,植入的肌腱会出现坏死、免疫排斥反应等不良现象使移植失败率较高。降低免疫排斥反应的方法主要有：低温冷冻异体肌腱、冷冻干燥异体肌腱、药物浸泡肌腱、射线灭菌法保存肌腱。提示同种异体肌腱移植免疫排斥反应是临床应用中最为棘手的问题,但低温冷冻异体肌腱等方法的应用很好地解决了这一问题,并在临床应用中发挥出很好的效果。     

三维成像辅助支持钢板置入内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折

背景：复杂的关节内骨折二维成像不能准确反应损伤特点,依靠三维成像从三维空间清楚准确地观察骨折移位情况,从而能有效指导成功实施骨折内固定。 目的：观察三维C臂术中三维成像辅助支持钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床疗效。 方法：23例胫骨平台骨折患者实施了骨折切开复位支持钢板内固定术,术中三维C臂X光机扫描三维成像监视骨折复位及钢板螺钉位置。观察骨折复位、螺钉位置、切口愈合情况及有无并发症发生。膝关节功能评定采用Rasmussen评分标准。 结果与结论：胫骨平台骨折一次性解剖复位17例,再次复位6例;螺钉位置良好11例,再次调整螺钉位置12例。18例随访3个月,膝关节功能恢复参照Rasmussen评分, 优9例,良8例,可1例,优良率94%。提示胫骨平台骨折术中三维成像监视能实时细微地从冠状面矢状面横断面3个断层切面及立体三维重建了解骨折复位及内固定情况,有效提高了骨折解剖复位和内固定位置正确性,为膝关节功能恢复提供了良好的基础条件。     

A novel mutation of the WRN gene in a Chinese patient with Werner syndrome

Werner syndrome (WS) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease characterized by features of premature ageing. It is caused by mutations of the WRN gene encoding a protein with both exonuclease and helicase activities. The aim of this study was to identify gene mutations in a Chinese patient with WS. A 31-year-old Chinese man with typical features of WS was diagnosed as having probable WS. We performed PCR to scan 33 exons of the WRN gene of the patient, six members of his family, and 50 unrelated controls. Automated DNA sequencing identified the mutation in the patient as 3250delG. The proband's parents, son, younger brother and paternal grandmother were heterozygous. We did not find this heterozygous mutation in the proband's maternal grandmother or in any of 50 normal controls. The novel mutation in the WRN gene is responsible for the pathogenesis of WS and genetic detection is a useful method to confirm the diagnosis.     

Biliary cystadenocarcinoma diagnosed with real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasonography:Report of a case with diagnostic features

Biliary cystadenocarcinoma is a very rare malignant cystic tumor of the liver,which is often misdiagnosed due to a poor recognition of it.We report a case of a 60-year-old man with biliary cystadenocarcinoma with his real time contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)characteristics compared to those of computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),which were correlated with the surgical and pathologic findings.Cystic wall enhancement,internal septations and intra-cystic solid portions in the arterial...     

Glucocorticoid receptor expression on acute lung injury induced by endotoxin in rats

BACKGROUND:

In cases of severe sepsis and septic shock, a series of pathophysiological changes lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the expression of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA in the rat lung following endotoxin (LPS) induced shock.

METHODS:

Totally 56 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: LPS shock group (n=16), LPS+vasoactive intestinal peptide group(VIP) group, (n=16), LPS+VIP+ glucocorticoid (GC) group, (n=16),and control group (n=8). LPS shock was induced by intravenous injection of LPS (10 mg/kg) in rats. Within 15 minutes after LPS injection, rats in the treatment groups received VIP (5 nmol/kg) or VIP and methylprednisolone (3 mg/kg). The control group was given normal saline instead of LPS. The rats of the four groups were sacrificed at 6 hours,24 hours after injection respectively, and the lung tissues were collected. Pathological changes of the lungs were examined by light microscopy and electron microscopy. GRmRNA expression in the lung tissues was evaluated by RT-PCR.

RESULTS:

In the LPS shock group, lung histopathology demonstrated destruction of the alveolar space,widening of the inter-alveolar space, inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial edema. However,pathological changes in the LPS+ VIP group and LPS+ VIP+GC group were milder than those in the LPS shock group. Six hours after LPS injection, GR mRNA expression was down-regulated in the LPS group (0.72± 0.24) and LPS+ VIP group (0.88±0.27) (P<0.05) as compared with the control group (1.17±0.22). The LPS shock group showed a more significant down-regualtion than the LPS+VIP group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In contrast, GRmRNA expression in the LPS+ VIP+GC group was significantly up-regulated at 6 hours and further at 24 hours (1.45±0.32 and 1.91±0.46 respectively) (P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:

GrmRNA expression decreased in LPS induced lung injury in rats. Combined treatment with VIP and GC mitigated lung injury ang inflammation. The mechanism may be related to up-regulation of GR mRNA expression.KEY WORDS: Glucocorticoid, GRmRNA, Vasoactive intestinal peptide, LPS, Shock, Inflammation, Lung injury, Rat     

洛铂和奥沙利铂对结直肠癌细胞系生物学行为影响的实验研究(英文)

Objective: The aim of the study was to observe the effects of lobaplatin and oxaliplatin on biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma cell line. Methods: The human colorectal carcinoma cell line LoVo and HR-8348 were used in the present study, and different concentrations of lobaplatin and oxaliplatin served as inhibitors. The invasion and metastasis potential were evaluated with Transwell chamber, and cell inhibition ratio was measured with MTT assay. Results: Lobaplatin and oxaliplatin could significant...     

DKK1在胶质瘤中的表达分析及其与肿瘤恶性程度的相关性

背景与目的：DKK基因在胶质瘤中的表达及意义尚不清楚,本研究检测分析胶质瘤中DKK1的表达情况及探讨与胶质瘤级别之间的关系。方法：ELISA、免疫组织化学检测培养细胞株/系、脑脊液、血清和胶质瘤组织标本中的蛋白表达,半定量RT-PCR检测DKK1胶质瘤培养细胞中培养细胞株/系、胶质瘤组织标本基因表达,统计不同级别胶质瘤间DKK1表达的差异。结果：ELISA检测结果示高级别胶质瘤细胞组中DKK1蛋白量显著高于低级别胶质瘤细胞及正常对照组（P〈0.05）。脑脊液中胶质瘤组DKK1含量显著高于神经系统良性肿瘤组及正常对照组;血清中胶质瘤组、神经系统良性肿瘤组及正常对照组之间DKK1含量差异均未见统计学意义。免疫组织化学结果显示胶质瘤组织中DKK1阳性率（91.5%,43/47）高于正常脑组织中阳性率（18.1%,2/11）,且DKK1在胶质瘤组织中的表达与肿瘤病理分级呈正相关。半定量RT-PCR结果显示胶质母细胞瘤细胞株/系的DKK1基因扩增产物均有特异性条带,SHG44、D341和正常对照组人脑星形胶质细胞则无;胶质瘤组织中灰度值高于正常组织,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：DKK1在胶质瘤中高表达,且随着肿瘤级别的增高而增高;胶质瘤脑脊液中DKK1含量显著高于神经系统良性肿瘤组及正常对照组,可作为胶质瘤鉴别诊断指标。     

Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling favors a protumorigenic state in breast cancer cells by inhibiting the adaptive immune response

Using transgenic mouse models of breast cancer that ablate Src homology and collagen A (ShcA) expression or oncogene-coupled ShcA signaling, we previously showed that this adaptor is critical for mammary tumor onset and progression. We now provide the first evidence that ShcA regulates mammary tumorigenesis, in part, through its ability to regulate the adaptive immune response. Inactivation of ShcA signaling within tumor cells results in extensive CD4(+) T-cell infiltration and induction of a humoral immune response in mammary tumors. This is associated with a robust CTL response in preneoplastic lesions that are deficient in ShcA signaling. Moreover, mammary tumor progression of ShcA-deficient hyperplasias is accelerated in a T cell-deficient background. We also uncover a clinically relevant correlation between high ShcA expression and low CTL infiltration in human breast cancers. Finally, we define a novel ShcA-regulated immune signature that functions as an independent prognostic marker of survival in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(+) and basal breast cancers. We reveal a novel role for tumor cell-derived ShcA in the establishment and maintenance of an immunosuppressive state.     

Inhibitory effects of miRNA-200c on chemotherapy-resistance and cell proliferation of gastric cancer SGC7901/DDP cells

Background and Objective: miRNA-200c can not only inhibit the aggressiveness of cancer cells but also increase the sensitivity of cells to antitumor drugs. However, some mechanisms are still unclear. Recent researches revealed that E-cadherin is more than an inhibitor of metastasis, and it also plays important roles in reversing drug resistance. We had previously found that miRNA-200c could not only induce the expression of E-cadherin but also increase the sensitivity of gastric cancer SGC7901/DDP cells to ...