颅脑损伤合并伤临床分析

目的　探讨合并伤对颅脑损伤病死率的影响及其急救原则。方法　总结分析我院收治的 4 311例颅脑损伤病例合并伤资料。结果　颅脑损伤 4 311例中合并伤 1372例 ( 31 8% ) ,其中轻型组 13 7% ,中型组 2 7 9% ,重型及特重型组 5 3 9%。各部位合并伤在总体、<2 4h死亡 ( 16 4例 )组、>2 4h死亡 ( 2 2 9例 )组中的发生率依次为 :颌面部 12 2 %、14 6 %、12 6 % ;胸部 9 3%、32 9%、10 9% ;腹部 1 5 %、9 1%、3 4 % ;脊柱骨盆 3%、2 1 9%、4 8% ;四肢 17 3%、2 0 1%、19 2 %。结论　在颅脑损伤患者的院前、院内急救中要加强对胸部、腹部、脊柱骨盆合并伤的合理救治     

Study on mechanism of huanshao dan in brain protectionΔin brain protectionΔ

Objective: To observe the behavioral and biochemical effects of a traditional Chinese medicine Huanshao Dan (HSD) on learning and memory deficits in transient cerebral ischemia model in mice.Methods: Step-through experiments, receptor binding test and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities determination were performed.Results: Mice undertaken transient ischemia commited much more mistakes in step-through experiments and showed relatively higher³ H-MK801 binding in cerebral cortex and hippocampus than in sham operated animals. HSD decoction was most effective in reducing these mistakes in mice. At the same time, and³ H-MK801 binding of cerebral cortex and hippocampus tissues were also significantly decreased, while ChAT activities in the same tissues were increased.Conclusion: HSD might antagonize ischemic injury of brain through inhibition of glutamate N-methyl-D-Aspartic acid receptor overactivity. ΔThis program was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.39421012)     

Polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase class mu and theta genes interact and increase susceptibility to lung cancer in minority populations (Texas, United States)

The genes coding for separate isoforms of both the human glutathioneS-transferase class mu and class theta enzymes (GSTM1and GSTT1) arepolymorphic with a variable ethnic distribution. These enzymes detoxifyreactive epoxides, including carcinogens produced by tobacco smoke. Becauseof this, the null polymorphism in the GSTM1 gene (coding for the glutathioneS-transferase class mu enzyme) has been studied widely as a possible sourceof inherited susceptibility to smoking-related lung cancer. The more recentlydescribed null polymorphism in the GSTT1 gene also could contribute to anincreased risk of smoking-related lung cancer. As the incidence of lungcancer is known to differ by ethnicity, we have conducted a case-controlstudy in the United States of 108 African-Americans (Blacks) and 60Mexican-Americans (Hispanics) with lung cancer and 132 African-American(Black) and 146 Mexican-American (Hispanic) controls to investigate theassociation of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphi sms with lung cancer inminority populations. In the unadjusted data, there was a borderlinesignificant association of the GSTM1 null polymorphism with lung cancer inMexican-Americans (odds ratio [OR] = 1.8, 95 percent confidence interval [CI]= 1.0-3.3 ) that was not observed in African-Americans. The GSTT1 nullpolymorphism also had a higher prevalence in cases than controls in bothracial/ethnic groups, but this increase was not statistically significant.When the data were analyzed using logistic regression controlling for age,gender, race, and smoking, no significant association of either trait withlung cancer was observed, with ORs for both traits of approximately 1.3.However, when the prevalence of individuals who were null for bothpolymorphisms was compared by case status, a significant interaction wasobserved. Logistic regression models showed the OR for the association oflung cancer and the presence of both null polymorphisms compared with one(either GSTT1 or GSTM1) or no null genotype to be 2.9 (P < 0.04). Theseresults suggest that there may be carcinogenic intermediates in cigarettesmoke that are substrates for both the GSTT1 and GSTM1 enzymes, and that lungcancer risk is increased more than additively for individuals who have bothGSTT1 and GSTM1 null polymorphisms.     

定量PCR检测黄芪A6组分与无环鸟苷联合抗1型单纯疱疹病毒的协同作用

目的 :探讨抗疱疹病毒药物黄芪A6 组分(A6)和无环鸟苷(ACV)联合抗 1型单纯疱疹病毒(HSV1 )的作用机制。方法 :利用竞争PCR检测A6 和ACV联合抗HSV1 的协同作用 ,并与细胞病变(CPE)抑制法进行比较。结果 :竞争PCR测定A6、ACV和A6 ACV对HSV1 的最小抑制浓度(MIC)分别为 1 88mg/ml、3 3 7μg/ml和 0 47mg/ml 0 84μg/ml;CPE抑制法测定A6、ACV和A6 ACV对HSV1 的MIC分别为 6 2 5mg/ml、5 0 μg/ml和 0 94mg/ml 1 2 5 μg/ml;联合抑制指数的分数(FICI)均小于 0 5 ;显示明显的联合协同抑制作用。结论 :定量PCR是筛选抗病毒药物的有效方法 ;结果还表明A6 和ACV对HSV1 的抑制作用主要表现在病毒增殖周期的复制阶段。     

EXPERIENCE OF ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT BASED ON DIFFERENTIATION OF DISEASED MERIDIANS WITH "ZI WU LIU ZHU" THEORY

TheZiWuLiuZhu(I4gu)theoryofacupunctureandmoxibustionholdsthathumanqiandbloodcirculate,flowandebbinthetwelvechannelsfollowingacertainlawinthetraditionaltwelvetwo-hourperiodsofaday.Thisperiodical,directional,sequentialcirculationmakesfunctiona1activityofvis…     

放疗联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝癌的研究进展

对于不能手术的原发性肝癌患者，放射治疗配合肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）的疗效明显好于单纯放疗或单纯化疗，治疗并发症的发生率和程度可以接受，大多数患者可以耐受。放疗配合动脉栓塞化疗是治疗不能手术的原发性肝癌患者的非常有发展前途的治疗方法。现综述这二种治疗方法的技术特点、疗效和协同作用研究的现状及最新进展。     

Difference in absorption of the two structurally similar flavonoid glycosides, hyperoside and isoquercitrin, in rats.

The present study was to investigate oral absorption of the two similar flavonoid glycosides, isoquercitrin (IQ, quercetin-3-O-glucoside) and hyperoside (HP, quercetin-3-O-galactoside) in rats. Two groups of male SD rats received an oral dose of either IQ (4.5 mg/kg) or HP (6.0 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected via jugular vein at time intervals after drug administration and the plasma concentrations of the studied compounds were analyzed by HPLC. The stability of IQ and HP in the GI tract was also measured by incubation with various GI contents from rats. The results showed that unchanged IQ was barely detectable whereas the glucuronidated quercetin (the aglycone of IQ) was found to be the major form in plasma after oral administration of IQ. In contrast, HP could not be detected in plasma neither as unchanged form nor its aglycone or conjugated aglycone form. Additional in vitro stability studies demonstrated that HP is more stable than IQ in the GI tract. This suggests that IQ could be hydrolyzed easier than HP to its aglycone in GI tract before being absorbed. In conclusion, IQ, as a flavonoid glucoside, could be rapidly absorbed and transformed into glucuronidated quercetin and such absorption might be related to the hydrolysis of the type of sugar moieties attached to its aglycone molecule.     

儿童频繁性眨眼101例的矫治效果

目的:观察分析综合疗法矫治儿童频繁眨眼的疗效。方法:采用心理疗法、药物、手术等去除病因后,均给以针灸等综合疗法,治疗频繁眨眼患儿101例(202眼)。结果:在去除病因后均在心理治疗的诱导下,针刺新明II、攒竹、四白穴,针刺2次频繁眨眼症状消失者68例(67.3%),5次治愈者31例(30.6%),10次治愈者2例(1.4%)。结论:综合疗法是矫治儿童频繁眨眼的有效方法。     

新鲜羊膜移植与自体球结膜移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床观察

目的:观察新鲜羊膜移植与自体球结膜移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床疗效。方法:随机将翼状胬肉患者分为A、B2组。A组30例(32眼)采用翼状胬肉切除联合新鲜羊膜移植。B组37例(40眼)采用翼状胬肉切除及自体球结膜移植。观察术后角膜愈合情况、角膜缘新生血管及角结膜是否有翼状胬肉样组织。结果:术后随访6～18mo,A组复发2眼(6%);B组复发3眼(8%)。结论:自体球结膜移植,取材方便,没有严重的并发症及排斥反应;新鲜羊膜移植损伤小,取材及处理相对复杂,但二者均能有效的减少翼状胬肉的术后复发,复发率相近。     

2-吡啶甲醇及2-吡啶甲醛的合成

以 2 -甲基吡啶为原料、过氧化氢为氧化剂制备 2 -吡啶甲醇和 2 -吡啶甲醛,工艺方法经济、安全