前列腺特异性膜抗原PET/MR 在前列腺癌诊断中的研究进展

作为男性高发病率的恶性肿瘤,前列腺癌（PCa）的早期诊断和精准分期对临床治疗方案的选择和患者的远期预后具有重要的临床意义。基于分子靶点前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA)的新型PET分子探针在PCa的诊断中显示出较高的临床效能,其在临床上的开发和应用越来越广泛。一体化PET/MR将PET的高灵敏度功能信息与MRI的优良软组织分辨率相结合,其在临床中的初步应用已显示出重要的临床价值。PSMA PET/MR在PCa的诊断中具有潜在的优势,现就其研究进展作一综述。     

生地注射液治疗急性脑出血临床研究

目的：观察生地注射液治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效,并作临床经济学评价。方法：60例脑出血急性期患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,各30例。对照组予常规西医治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加生地注射液静脉滴注,疗程均为14 d。结果：治疗组有效率为86.7%,对照组有效率为53.3%,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）;治疗组Barthel Index量表评分增加,高于对照组评分（P〈0.05）;治疗组住院费用、住院天数及日均费用均低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：生地注射液对各型急性脑出血患者皆有效,在增加疗效的同时未增加治疗成本。     

Non-diabetic urine glucose in idiopathic membranous nephropathy

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN) with nondiabetic urine glucose during the follow-up. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1313 patients who were diagnosed iMN. The prevalence of nondiabetic urine glucose during follow-up was 10.89%. There were significant differences between the patients with nondiabetic urine glucose and those without urine glucose in gender, hypertension ratio, proteinuria, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, retinol binding protein, serum albumin, serum creatinine (Scr), cholesterol, triglyceride and positive anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody ratio, glomerular sclerosis ratio, acute and chronic tubular injury lesion at baseline. To exclude the influence of the baseline proteinuria and Scr, case control sampling of urine glucose negative patients was applied according to gender, baseline proteinuria and Scr. The proteinuria nonremission (NR) ratio was 45.83 versus 12.50% of the urine glucose positive group and case control group. Partial remission (PR) ratio of the two groups was 36.46 versus 23.96% and complete remission (CR) ratio was 19.79% versus 63.54%, respectively. Patients with urine glucose had higher risk of 50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reduction. Cox regression showed that urine glucose and baseline Scr were risk factors of 50% reduction of eGFR. Urine glucose remission ratio of the patients with proteinuria NR, PR, and CR was 13.33, 56.25, and 94.73% (p < 0.005). Patients who got urine glucose remission also had better renal survival. In conclusion, non-diabetic urine glucose was closely related to proteinuria. It could be applied as a tubular injury marker to predict renal function.     

Association of AGTR1 gene methylation and its genetic variant in Chinese farmer with hypertension: A case-control study

The objective was to determine the potential associations of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) gene polymorphism, methylation, and lipid metabolism in Chinese farmers with hypertension.A case-control study was conducted in Wuzhi county of Henan province in China in 2013 to 2014. A total of 1034 local residents (35–74 years, 386 hypertensive cases, and 648 normotensive subjects) were enrolled in this study. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein were measured using automatic chemistry analyzer. The AGTR1 gene promoter methylation level was measured using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction method. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs275653 was genotyped with TaqMan probe assay at an applied biosystems platform.The gender, body mass index (BMI), TG, TC, and family history of hypertension in the hypertension group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < .05). No significant difference was observed in the distribution of AGTR1 rs275653 polymorphism in the hypertension and controls (P > .05). The AGTR1 gene methylation in subjects carrying different genotypes was not significantly observed (P > .05). The logistic regression analysis found the AGTR1 gene methylation level was negative correlation with hypertension in the present study (odds ratio, 0.946, 95% confidence interval, 0.896–0.999) through adjusting for age, gender, BMI, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, fruit and vegetable intake, pickles intake, and family history of hypertension.The association of AGTR1 gene hypomethylation and essential hypertension was observed in Chinese farmers; no significant difference was observed in the distribution of AGTR1 rs275653 polymorphism.     

布鲁顿酪氨酸激酶对破骨细胞增殖及分化作用的实验研究

目的 观察布鲁顿酪氨酸激酶（BTK）对破骨细胞增殖及分化的影响,探讨BTK对根尖周炎骨破坏的作用。方法 破骨前体细胞RAW264.7经100 ng·L ^-1核因子κB受体活化因子配体（RANKL）诱导5 d后,通过观察细胞形态、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）染色及实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）的方法,验证破骨细胞是否诱导成功。破骨细胞诱导成功后,转染BTK-小干扰RNA（siRNA）24 h,利用RT-qPCR检测TRAP mRNA的表达,采用CCK-8和TRAP酶活性检测法检测破骨细胞的增殖及分化情况。结果 RAW264.7细胞经RANKL诱导5 d后,可见大量体积较大,外观呈圆形、椭圆形,周围有不规则突起及TRAP染色阳性的多核破骨细胞。经BTK-siRNA转染24 h后,破骨细胞TRAP mRNA的表达水平显著降低（P<0.05）,其增殖及分化能力也明显受到抑制（P<0.05）。结论 抑制BTK表达,可以抑制破骨细胞的增殖及分化;BTK可作为抑制破骨细胞的新靶点。     

妊娠早期人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈病变的关系

目的 对妊娠早期的妇女宫颈分泌物进行HPV检测,以探讨其与宫颈痛变的关系.方法 利用DNA杂交导流技术和基因芯片技术检测120例早孕妇女的宫颈标本,对不同程度的宫颈病变进行HPV检测,并进行分型.结果 在120例标本中,HPV感染者40例,阳性率33.3%.其中宫颈光滑及轻度糜烂者HPV感染11例,占18.3%;宫颈中、重度糜烂者HPV感染29例,占48.3%.检出高危基因型(HPV16/18/33/51/52/56/58/68型)35例;检出低危基因型(HPV6/11型)9例;检出常见亚型(HPV53/66)4例.其中有多重型感染患者.HPV亚型中HPV52,16,68三个亚型共占了亚型中的44%.结论 妊娠早期HPV感染随宫颈病变的严重程度而逐渐上升,而且高危亚型尤为明显,需要引起临床重视.     

颈伸肌群对颈椎间盘和小关节内压力变化的影响

目的:颈椎周围肌群是维系颈椎关节稳定和功能的动力系统,其性能改变对颈椎病发生发展具有重要意义.实验拟观察新鲜颈椎标本椎问盘和小关节内压力变化,探讨颈周肌群在颈椎发病机制中的作用.方法:①实验材料:实验于2005-03107在上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院推拿生物力学实验室完成.5具新鲜尸体颈椎结构标本由原解放军第一军医大学提供.②实验方法:将C3～4、C4～5、C5～6、C6～7的颈椎间盘前缘和关节突关节C3～4、C4～5、C5～6、C6～7等处同时埋置8个微型压力传感器,并应用模拟颈伸肌正常生理段性能的弹簧.③实验评估:观察颈椎结构包括颈伸肌等在颈椎活动时的压力变化情况.结果:随前屈角度的增加,颈椎间盘内的压力和颈伸肌的拉力明显增加.而随后伸角度的增加,小关节内的压力明显增加.加载模拟伸肌后,椎间盘和小关节的压力明显减低.结论:颈伸肌群分担了一部分颈椎载荷,屈颈几率和强度的增加是颈椎病发生发展的关键因素.     

护士组织支持感与组织承诺的关系研究

组织支持感最早是由美国社会学家Eisenberger提出的,是指员工对组织如何看待他们的贡献并关心他们的利益的一种总体知觉和信念.简言之,就是员工所感受到的来自组织方面的支持[1].因此,护士组织支持感可以理解为护士所感受到的来自医院方面的支持.而组织承诺是指员工对组织的一种态度,可以解释为员工为什么要留在组织,因而也是检验员工对组织忠诚度的一种指标[2].护士组织承诺体现了护士对医院的忠诚与投入程度,是连接护士与医院的心理纽带.护士组织承诺不仅对离职具有预测作用［3］,而且对工作绩效也有重要影响［4］.因而,提高护士组织承诺稳定护理队伍、提高护理质量的重要保证.本研究旨在了解护士组织支持感与护士组织承诺的现状,进一步探讨护士组织支持感对组织承诺的影响,为管理部门制订有关护士组织支持策略,提高护士组织支持感,增进护士组织承诺提供依据.现将结果报道如下.     

基于国家药品抽检的全国益心酮片质量情况分析与研究

目的:通过国家药品抽检工作,了解益心酮片市场整体质量现状及存在的问题,为监督管理部门提供技术支撑,以保障公众用药安全有效.方法:从全国24个省级行政区抽取益心酮片样品,按照《中华人民共和国药典》2015年版一部益心酮片薄层鉴别项与含量测定项方法开展检验工作,并进行指纹图谱、农药残留、显微鉴别、非法添加化学药品四项探索性...