浅谈基于“军卫一号”的PACS

目的：探讨、研究PACS与＂军卫一号＂工程（HIS）的融合方法。方法：通过创建中间表、触发器、视图等,将PACS的表结构整合到＂军卫一号＂工程使用的Oracle数据库中。结果：PACS与＂军卫一号＂工程数据同步,硬件投入少,简单可行。结论：医院在实施PACS前,必须要做好需求分析、业务流程的优化,高层次地发挥HIS的可扩展性。     

美国药品监管科学人才培养实践探究及对我国的启示

药品监管科学研究与建设已成为世界各国21世纪药品监管战略重点,而人才队伍建设是进行监管科学研究与建设首要考虑的问题之一.我国对于监管科学人才培养尚处于起步阶段,存在人才培养规模小、程度浅、体系乱等突出问题.美国在药品监管科学人才培养方面探索多年,已形成较为成熟的监管科学人才培养体系.本文通过对美国药品监管科学人才培养创...     

SARS-CoV-2 Accessory Protein ORF8 Decreases Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity

Viruses use many different strategies to evade host immune responses. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, its Spike mutates rapidly to escape from neutralizing antibodies. In addition to this strategy, ORF8, a small accessory protein encoded by SARS-CoV-2, helps immune evasion by reducing the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells to the cytotoxic CD8+ T cell response. Interestingly, among all accessory proteins, ORF8 is rapidly evolving and a deletion in this protein has been linked to milder disease. Here, we studied the effect of ORF8 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Specifically, we found that ORF8 can bind monocytes as well as NK cells. Strikingly, ORF8 binds CD16a (FcγRIIIA) with nanomolar affinity and decreases the overall level of CD16 at the surface of monocytes and, to a lesser extent, NK cells. This decrease significantly reduces the capacity of PBMCs and particularly monocytes to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Overall, our data identifies a new immune-evasion activity used by SARS-CoV-2 to escape humoral responses.     

Development of a Flexible Metamaterial Film with High EM Wave Absorptivity by Numerical and Experimental Methods

The present study is intended to develop and test a cost-effective and efficient printing method for fabricating flexible metamaterial film with high electromagnetic wave absorptivity. The film can be easily applied to the surfaces with curved aspects. Firstly, numerical parametric study of the absorption characteristics of the film is performed for the range of frequency varying from 2.0 to 9.0 GHz based on commercial software package. Secondly, the flexible metamaterial films are fabricated, and experiments are conducted. The flexible metamaterial film consists of a flexible dielectric film made of polyimide (PI) and an array of split-ring resonators. The split-ring resonators of different geometric dimensions are fabricated on the PI film surface by using a silver nanoparticles ink jet printer. The performance of the flexible structure is then measured and dependence of operation frequency with higher absorptivity on the dimensions of the split-ring resonators is investigated. A comparison between the numerical and experimental data shows that the numerical predictions of the operation frequency with higher absorptivity closely agree with the experimental data.     

Insight into the Epidemiology and Evolutionary History of Novel Goose Astrovirus-Associated Gout in Goslings in Southern China

A novel gout disease, characterized by visceral urate deposition with high-mortality, with outbreaks in goslings in China since 2016 was caused by a novel goose astrovirus (GoAstV) and resulted in serious economic loss. However, the epidemiology and variation of the GoAstV in goslings in southern China and its evolutionary history as well as the classification of the GoAstV are unclear. In the present study, systematic molecular epidemiology, and phylogenetic analyses of the GoAstV were conducted to address these issues. Our results showed that the GoAstV is widespread in goslings in southern China, and the genomes of six GoAstV strains were obtained. Two amino acid mutations (Y36H and E456D) were identified in capsid proteins in this study, which is the dominant antigen for the GoAstV. In addition, the GoAstV could be divided into two distinct clades, GoAstV-1 and GoAstV-2, and GoAstV-2 is responsible for gout outbreaks in goslings and could be classified into Avastrovirus 3 (AAstV-3), while GoAstV-1 belongs to Avastrovirus 1 (AAstV-1). Moreover, the emergence of GoAstV-2 in geese was estimated to have occurred in January 2010, approximately 12 years ago, while GoAstV-1 emerged earlier than GoAstV-2 and was estimated to have emerged in April 1985 based on Bayesian analysis. The mean evolutionary rate for the GoAstV was also calculated to be approximately 1.42 × 10⁻³ nucleotide substitutions per site per year. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the epidemiology of the GoAstV in goslings in southern China and is helpful for understanding the origin and evolutionary history as well as the classification of the GoAstV in geese.     

"江郎才尽"新考

“江郎才尽”的时间和原因,历来说法不一。根据江淹的文学创作、文学交游及相关历史记载辨析,“江郎才尽”的确切时间应在江淹罢宣城郡之时。结合当时黑暗残酷的政治倾轧,分析女儿江才君之死对江淹的重大影响,可揭示“江郎才尽”的真实原因。再联系钟嵘和沈约之间的宿怨,考察《诗品》对梁代诗人的评价,可见《诗品》对“江郎才尽”时间记载上的矛盾是钟嵘出于贬低沈约的目的有意作出的改动。     

Effect of the Surface Morphology of Porous Coatings on Secondary Electron Yield of Metal Surface

Surface roughening is an important material surface treatment technique, and it is particularly useful for use in secondary electron yield (SEY) suppression on metal surfaces. Porous structures produced via roughening on coatings have been confirmed to reduce SEY, but the regulation strategy and the influence of process parameters both remain unclear in the practical fabrication of effective porous structures. In this paper, the effect of the surface morphology of porous coatings on the SEY of aluminum alloy substrates was studied. Surface characterization and SEY measurements were carried out for samples with a specific process technique on their surfaces. An exponential fitting model of the correlation between surface roughness and the peak values of SEY curves, δm, was summarized. Furthermore, an implementation strategy to enable low surface SEY was achieved from the analysis of the effect of process parameters on surface morphology formation. This work will aid our understanding of the effect of the irregular surface morphology of porous coatings on SEY, thereby revealing low-cost access to the realization of an easy-to-scale process that enables low SEY.     

肠道益生菌补充对酒精高糖高脂致肝损伤大鼠肝功能和肠道菌群的影响

目的 探究肠道益生菌补充对酒精、高糖、高脂致肝损伤大鼠肝功能和肠道菌群的影响.方法 高糖高脂饮食联合白酒灌胃处理制备酒精、高糖、高脂致肝损伤大鼠模型,并分为空白对照组、模型组、低剂量肠道益生菌组(20×108 CFU/kg)和高剂量肠道益生菌组(40×108 CFU/kg).灌服白酒7周后,算大鼠脏体比、血清乙醇体积分...     

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Blood Inflammation: The Prospective Markers on Mild Cognitive Impairment

Inflammation is known as an important mechanism of cognitive dysfunction. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are two blood inflammatory markers, which are related to many chronic diseases including cognitive impairment. It is recognized that dietary inflammatory index (DII), which is used to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of diet, may be related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SII, SIRI and DII, as well as the role of these inflammatory indexes on MCI in elderly people. A total of 1050 participants from Beijing were included. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation. Energy-adjusted DII scores were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood samples were tested for calculating SII and SIRI. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the correlation of indexes. After adjusting demographic characteristics, SII and SIRI in MCI individuals were higher than controls (p ≤ 0.001). DII, SII and SIRI had positive relationship with MoCA scores (p < 0.005). DII also correlated with SIRI in MCI (β = 0.11, p = 0.031). Higher DII and SIRI could definitely increase the risk of MCI, as well as DII and SII (p < 0.005). In conclusion, DII was positively correlated with blood inflammation. The elderly with higher level of DII and SIRI, or DII and SII could be considered as people with higher risk of developing MCI.     

全反式维甲酸对糖尿病大鼠肾小管-间质TGF-β1表达的影响

目的观察全反式维甲酸对糖尿病肾病肾小管-间质转化生长因子β1表达的影响。方法24只链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分为治疗组（T）,模型组（D）各12只,和12只正常组（N）,T组给予全反式维甲酸20mg/（kg·d）油溶液灌胃,D组和N组分别灌等量的溶剂。4、8周每组各处死大鼠6只,测量24h尿微量清蛋白排泄率、肾重/体重、血肌酐、血糖（BX）。肾组织PAS、Masson s染色。免疫组化方法检测肾小管-间质转化生长因子β1的表达。结果全反式维甲酸可减轻肾小球系膜区基质、细胞的增生,明显缓解肾小管的损伤,肾间质的基质减少。4周尿微量清蛋白的排泄实验组低于模型组（3.08±0.48μg/min VS 3.35±0.56μg/min,P〈0.05）,8周时尿微量清蛋白的排泄率明显低于同期模型组（2.49±0.40μg/min VS 4.53±0.87μg/min,P〈0.01）;肾小管上皮细胞转化生长因子β1的表达明显低于模型组。结论全反式维甲酸可减轻糖尿病肾病肾小管-间质的损害,减少蛋白尿。可能通过抑制转化生长因子β1的表达防止肾间质的纤维化,保护肾功能。