波依定与洛汀新治疗不同中医证型高血压疗效比较

目的:观察波依定与洛汀新对不同中医证型高血压的疗效是否具有中草药的某些特征,能否按中医辨证选择抗高血压药.方法:按照WHO的标准明确高血压诊断与分级,根据<中药新药临床研究指导原则>分为4型.216例患者随机分为两组,分别给予波依定与洛汀新治疗,疗程4周.分析对总体血压和不同证型血压的影响,以及对不同症状的疗效有无差异.结果:两种药物降低患者总体血压的幅度基本相同;但分层研究,对4种中医证型患者的血压的降低程度明显不同,洛汀新对肝火亢盛型血压降低幅度更明显,波依定对痰湿壅盛型比其它三型降压更好;对阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型两组之间差异无显著性.对各种证型症状的改善作用也显示同样的结果.结论:抗高血压药对不同中医证型高血压的疗效不同,表明西药也同样具有中草药的某些特性,可以根据中医辨证选择抗高血压药.     

雷公藤甲素对小鼠淋巴细胞体外活化的抑制作用

目的:研究雷公藤甲素(TRD)对小鼠T淋巴细胞活化标志CD69、CD25及细胞因子IL-2及IFN-γmRNA表达的影响,为阐明其免疫抑制作用提供分子药理学依据.方法:无菌分离小鼠淋巴结细胞,加入不同浓度的雷公藤甲素预先孵育1 h,用多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白(ConA)刺激T细胞活化,利用荧光标记的单克隆体双染技术,流式细胞仪检测TRD对小鼠T细胞CD69、CD25表达的影响;采用半定量RT-PCR技术从mRNA水平检测TRD对细胞因子IL-2、IFN-γ mRNA的表达的影响.结果:TRD能抑制T细胞早期活化标志CD69和CD25,同时TRD也能抑制IL-2及IFN-γmRNA的表达.结论:TRD对T细胞早期活化分子及细胞因子表达的抑制作用可能是其发挥免疫抑制作用的机制之一.     

丹参酮ⅡA对兔髂动脉球囊损伤后胶原生成抑制的效应观察

目的:观察兔髂动脉损伤后,丹参酮ⅡA治疗组中膜平滑肌细胞(SMC)周围胶原变化的趋势.方法:取体重2.5～3kg纯种雄性新西兰大白兔30只,球囊导管扩张法制作左髂动脉内膜球囊损伤模型,术后分配到治疗组和对照组.治疗组丹参酮ⅡA稀释静脉注射,疗程6天;对照组采用等量生理盐水静脉注射.术后7天、14天和28天处死实验兔,将左侧髂动脉取出制作石蜡切片,并作胶原染色.结论:术后7天治疗组和对照组胶原纤维染色均不明显,术后14天和28天对照组SMCs周围可见胶原染色阳性,红染增多;治疗组14天SMCs周围也可见红染增多,但28天红染不明显;两组差异以术后28天明显(P=0.017);胶原染色随时间变化的趋势有统计学意义(P=0.005).结论:丹参酮ⅡA有抑制血管损伤后细胞外基质堆积的作用,从而可能有防治术后再狭窄的效应.     

竹节人参对脑缺血大鼠兴奋性氨基酸的影响

目的:探讨富硒竹节人参对大鼠脑缺血及其再灌注后脑组织兴奋性氨基酸(EAA)含量的影响.方法:将大鼠用富硒竹节人参处理后,建立大鼠脑缺血模型,观察富硒竹节人参对大鼠脑组织中的谷氨酸(Glu)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、甘氨酸(Gly)的影响.结果:富硒竹节人参对正常大鼠脑组织EAA含量无影响,可使脑缺血及其再灌注损伤大鼠脑组织Glu、Asp含量降低,对GABA、Gly无明显影响.结论:富硒竹节人参可对抗缺血性脑损伤,防止缺血时EAA的升高,从而发挥对脑损伤的保护作用.     

Mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor is a predictive and prognostic factor for gefitinib treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: Mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can be used to predict the tumor response of patients receiving gefitinib for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the association between mutations in EGFR tyrosine kinase domain and tumor response and survival in gefitinib-treated NSCLC patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: EGFR mutations in exons 18 to 21 were analyzed by DNA sequencing of paraffin-embedded tumor tissues from gefitinib-treated NSCLC patients. The results were correlated with clinical variables. RESULTS: EGFR mutations were found in 61.1% (33 of 54) of cases; response rate and disease control rate were 56.8% and 68.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference in mutation rates between adenocarcinoma (29 of 43) and nonadenocarcinoma (4 of 11; P = 0.085). However, all four nonadenocarcinomas with EGFR mutations had no response to gefitinib. Presence of EGFR mutations was the only independent predictor for disease control (P = 0.003) and tumor response (P = 0.017) in multivariate analysis; positive predictive values were 87.9% and 70.8% and negative predictive values were 61.9% and 69.2%, respectively. In comparison with patients whose tumor was negative for EGFR mutations, patients with EGFR mutations had better progression-free survival (median, 7.6 versus 1.7 months; P = 0.011) and overall survival (median, 14.7 versus 4.7 months; P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS: Mutations in EGFR tyrosine kinase correlate with treatment response and survival in gefitinib-treated NSCLC patients and can be used as a predictive and prognostic factor. Thus, analysis of EGFR tyrosine kinase mutations in lung adenocarcinoma is of clinical significance, as it can permit the customization of treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.     

基于对称边缘方向直方图自动提取主要道路

提出一种从航空影像中自动提取主要道路的方法。以对称边缘方向直方图作为主要道路特征矢量,先采用一种顾及数据空间分布特性的模糊C均值聚类算法分割提取主要道路种子段,然后利用Snakes算法跟踪提取完整主要道路网络。实验结果表明,所提方法能有效地从航空影像中自动提取主要道路网。     

Survivin基因在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与HER2、p53基因表达的关系

Objective： To investigate the relationship between the expression of survivin and mutant p53, C-erbB-2 proteins in breast cancer to explore the possible molecular mechanisms. Methods： The expression of survivin, mutant p53, and C-erbB-2 was detected in 62 specimens of breast carcinoma by using streptavidin-peroxidase （SP） immunocytochemical assay. Results： Among the 62 cases of breast carcinoma, the positive rate of survivin was 67.7%; 35.5% of the tumors were positive for p53; and 37.1% for C-erbB-2 overexpression. Survivin expression was independent on patient＇s menopausal status, tumor histology, clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and estrogen receptor level. Although survivin expression was not correlated with p53 mutations, the positive expression of survivin was associated with C-erbB-2 overexpression （87.0% vs 56.4%, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The positive expression of survivin was independent on p53 mutation, but dependent on the overexpression of C-erbB-2. C-erbB-2 might up-regulate the expression of survivin.     

前外侧或外侧硬脑膜外入路切除海绵窦区肿瘤：附9例临床经验

背景与目的：目前对海绵窦区肿瘤的手术治疗仍是神经外科的难题之一。本文旨在提高海绵窦区肿瘤的全切率，降低神经功能的残障率。方法：针对海绵窦外侧壁的显微解剖特点，结合典型病例分析，回顾性总结了9例海绵窦内肿瘤，经前外侧或外侧硬膜外入路，通过显微神经外科技术切开海绵窦外侧壁夹层，按神经走行方向切开，辨认肿瘤生长和颅神经的关系分块切除肿瘤。结果：9例海绵窦内肿瘤中，海绵状血管瘤1例，神经鞘瘤6例，脑膜瘤2例。全切除5例，3例次全切除，1例大部分切除。3例出现新的颅神经功能障碍症状，6个月后新出现的颅神经功能障碍症状减轻2例．完全恢复1例。结论：明确的海绵窦区显微外科解剖概念．娴熟的显微神经外科技术以及选择适当的手术入路是提高海绵窦区肿瘤的全切率，降低术中出血、术后残障率的关键因素。     

头花蓼种子发芽生物学特性研究

目的研究头花蓼PolygonumcapitatumBuch.-Ham.exD.Don种子发芽的生物学特性。方法通过不同温度和黑暗条件下的发芽试验以及浸种处理发芽试验,观察统计其发芽所需时间、发芽持续时间、发芽势、发芽率。结果头花蓼种子在10～35℃下都能发芽;10～30℃下都能发芽完全;20℃、25℃时,观察的4项指标都无显著差异,并出现最短的发芽时间(4d)和最高发芽率(93.3%)。光照能使发芽时间缩短4天,发芽势提高50.6%,但不影响发芽率。浸种处理会降低头花蓼种子的发芽势和发芽率,特别是温水浸种达到极显著水平。结论20～25℃是头花蓼种子发芽的最适温度。发芽期间给予光照能极显著缩短发芽时间和提高发芽势。浸种处理对头花蓼种子的萌发没有促进作用。     

四神止泻胶囊的制备及其质量控制

目的：制备四神止泻胶囊，并建立质量控制方法。方法：采用薄层色谱法鉴别肉豆蔻、五味子和吴茱萸三味药材，高效液相色谱法测定成品中补骨脂素和异补骨脂素的含量。结果：肉豆蔻、五味子和吴茱萸薄层色谱斑点清晰；成品三批中补骨脂素和异补骨脂素含量稳定。结论：四神止泻胶囊制备工艺合理，质量控制方法可行。