全文获取类型
收费全文 | 20909篇 |
免费 | 1817篇 |
国内免费 | 42篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 207篇 |
儿科学 | 706篇 |
妇产科学 | 771篇 |
基础医学 | 3079篇 |
口腔科学 | 319篇 |
临床医学 | 2658篇 |
内科学 | 3597篇 |
皮肤病学 | 377篇 |
神经病学 | 1977篇 |
特种医学 | 593篇 |
外科学 | 2445篇 |
综合类 | 429篇 |
一般理论 | 37篇 |
预防医学 | 2282篇 |
眼科学 | 313篇 |
药学 | 1368篇 |
中国医学 | 37篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1573篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 146篇 |
2021年 | 329篇 |
2020年 | 261篇 |
2019年 | 365篇 |
2018年 | 460篇 |
2017年 | 272篇 |
2016年 | 376篇 |
2015年 | 353篇 |
2014年 | 556篇 |
2013年 | 857篇 |
2012年 | 1282篇 |
2011年 | 1254篇 |
2010年 | 700篇 |
2009年 | 691篇 |
2008年 | 1181篇 |
2007年 | 1231篇 |
2006年 | 1130篇 |
2005年 | 1221篇 |
2004年 | 1142篇 |
2003年 | 1087篇 |
2002年 | 997篇 |
2001年 | 409篇 |
2000年 | 401篇 |
1999年 | 373篇 |
1998年 | 233篇 |
1997年 | 219篇 |
1996年 | 207篇 |
1995年 | 216篇 |
1994年 | 181篇 |
1993年 | 175篇 |
1992年 | 301篇 |
1991年 | 261篇 |
1990年 | 266篇 |
1989年 | 273篇 |
1988年 | 243篇 |
1987年 | 220篇 |
1986年 | 191篇 |
1985年 | 210篇 |
1984年 | 184篇 |
1983年 | 153篇 |
1982年 | 147篇 |
1981年 | 130篇 |
1980年 | 129篇 |
1979年 | 164篇 |
1978年 | 163篇 |
1977年 | 124篇 |
1976年 | 104篇 |
1975年 | 97篇 |
1974年 | 115篇 |
1972年 | 96篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Lorenzo Melani Richard Mills David Hassman Robert Lipetz Leslie Lipka Alexandre LeBeaut Ramachandran Suresh Pabak Mukhopadhyay Enrico Veltri 《European heart journal》2003,24(8):717-728
AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ezetimibe 10 mg administered with pravastatin in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS: After dietary stabilization, 2-12 week screening/washout period, and 4-week, single-blind, placebo lead-in period, 538 patients with baseline LDL-C > or =3.8 to < or =6.5 mmol/l and TG < or =4.0 mmol/l were randomized to one of eight possible treatments administered daily for 12 weeks: ezetimibe 10mg; pravastatin 10, 20, or 40 mg; ezetimibe 10 mg plus pravastatin 10, 20, or 40 mg; or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was percent reduction in LDL-C from baseline to study endpoint for ezetimibe 10 mg plus pravastatin (pooled doses) compared to pravastatin alone (pooled doses) and ezetimibe alone. The combined use of ezetimibe and pravastatin resulted in significant incremental reductions in LDL-C and TG compared to pooled pravastatin alone (p<0.01). Coadministration therapy reduced LDL-C by 34-41%, TG by 21-23%, and increased HDL-C by 7.8-8.4%, depending on the dose of pravastatin. The combined regimen was well tolerated, with a safety profile similar to pravastatin alone and placebo. CONCLUSIONS: When coadministered with pravastatin, ezetimibe provided significant incremental reductions in LDL-C and TG and was well tolerated with a safety profile similar to pravastatin alone. 相似文献
112.
113.
The prevalence rate of Huntington disease in County Donegal between 1961 and 1991 showed a decrease from 4.4 to 1.6 per 100,000 population. Emigration and reduction in family size probably account for the progressive decline in prevalence. Over the same time period in the rest of Europe, prevalence has declined only gradually, or has remained static. 相似文献
114.
Corticosteroids for the Enhancement of Fetal Lung Maturity: Impact on the Gravida with Preeclampsia and the HELLP Syndrome 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Everett F. Magann MD Rick W. Martin MD John D. Isaacs MD Pamela G. Blake RN MSN John C. Morrison MD James N. Martin Jr MD 《The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology》1993,33(2):127-131
Summary: This study was undertaken to determine maternal impact of corticosteroids administered for the promotion of fetal lung maturity in mothers with the HELLP syndrome. Twenty-seven of 427 women with the HELLP syndrome treated between 1980–1991 received a full course of steroids prior to preterm delivery. This group was compared to 27 matched control patients with the HELLP syndrome who received no corticosteroids. Subjects were matched for maternal age, race, sex of the fetus, and severity of the HELLP syndrome. The antepartum platelet count stabilized or increased in 25 of 27 steroid-treated women in contrast to 0 of 15 control women (p <0.00001). In comparison to control patients, LDH serum concentrations in steroid-treated patients stabilized or decreased and the SGOT/AST and SGPT/ALT stabilized or decreased during therapy (p < 0.005). The interval from delivery to platelet nadir in patients with Class III HELLP syndrome was shorter in the steroid-treated group (p<0.008) than in untreated patients. 相似文献
115.
CD14 is not involved in Rhodobacter sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide induction by taxol in murine macrophages. 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
F Kirikae T Kirikae N Qureshi K Takayama D C Morrison M Nakano 《Infection and immunity》1995,63(2):486-497
Taxol, a microtubule stabilizer with anticancer activity, mimics the actions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on murine macrophages in vitro. Recently, it was shown that taxol-induced macrophage activation was inhibited by the LPS antagonist Rhodobacter sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A (RsDPLA). To investigate the mechanisms of taxol-induced macrophage activation, the present study focused on the interaction of LPS, RsDPLA, and taxol in the activation of and binding to macrophages. Taxol alone induced murine C3H/He macrophages to secrete tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and to produce nitric oxide (NO) with kinetics similar to that of LPS. Macrophages from LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice, in contrast, did not yield any detectable TNF and NO production in response to LPS or taxol. RsDPLA inhibited taxol-induced TNF and NO production from C3H/He macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition by RsDPLA was specific for LPS and taxol in that RsDPLA did not inhibit heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes- or zymosan-induced TNF production. Polymyxin B blocked the inhibitory effect of RsDPLA on taxol-induced TNF production. The inhibitory activity of RsDPLA appeared to be reversible since macrophages still responded to taxol in inducing TNF production after the RsDPLA was washed out with phosphate-buffered saline prior to the addition of taxol. Taxol-induced TNF production was not inhibited by colchicine, vinblastine, or 10-deacetylbaccatine III. A mutant cell line, J7.DEF3, defective in expression of a CD14 antigen, responded equally well to taxol by producing TNF as did the parent J774.1 cells. This suggested that the activation of macrophages by taxol does not require CD14. Taxol-induced TNF production by the mutant cells was also inhibited by RsDPLA. 125I-labeled LPS and 3H-labeled taxol was reported to bind to J774.1 cells predominantly via CD14 and microtubules, respectively. The binding of 125I-labeled LPS to J7.DEF3 cells was about 30 to 40% of that to J774.1 cells. The binding of 125I-LPS to J774.1 cells was inhibited by unlabeled LPS and RsDPLA but not by taxol. On the other hand, 3H-labeled taxol bound to both J774.1 cells and J7.DEF3 cells in similar time- and dose-dependent manners. The binding of [3H]taxol to these cells was inhibited by taxol but not by LPS or RsDPLA. Although the binding studies failed to examine cross competition for binding to macrophages, a possible explanation of these results is that LPS, RsDPLA, and taxol share the same molecule(s) on murine macrophages for their functional receptor(s), which is neither CD14 nor tubulin. 相似文献
116.
Allan L. Reiss Lisa Freund Leslie Plotnick Thomas Baumgardner Kathleen Green Amanda C. Sozer Mark Reader Corinne Boehm Martha B. Denckla 《Annals of neurology》1993,34(1):95-107
Monosomy for the X chromosome is the most frequent cause of Turner's syndrome, a common clinical syndrome associated with particular physical and neurobehavioral features. The results from comprehensive assessment of prepubertal monozygotic female twins discordant for X monosomy are presented. Zygosity was established with DNA Fingerprinting and no evidence of chromosomal mosaicism was seen in either child. Physical features in the affected twin were relatively mild with respect to the full spectrum of physical malformations and disabilities associated with Turner's syndrome. The neurobehavioral phenotypes of the twins were compared. Although both sisters scored in the superior range of intelligence, the affected twin's Performance IQ was 18 points less than her sister, whereas Verbal IQ showed only a 3-point difference between the sisters. Other relative differences were noted within the executive, visuospatial, and visuomotor domains of function. Behavioral evaluation indicated greater problems with attention, hyperactivity, and anxiety in the affected twin. Quantitative analysis of brain anatomy revealed evidence of both general and regional effects of X monosomy on neurodevelopment. Cerebrospinal fluid volume was increased by 25% in the affected twin compared with her sister with a corresponding decrease in gray matter volume. The right frontal, right parietal–occipital, and left parietal-perisylvian regions showed the greatest discrepancy between the sisters with respect to increased cerebrospinal fluid and decreased gray matter volumes in the twin with X monosomy. Differences in the posterior fossa were also noted with a 50% relative increase in the volumes of the fourth ventricle and cisterna magna and a 10 to 15% relative reduction in size of the cerebellar vermis, pons, and medulla in the affected twin. The association between the neurobehavioral and neuroanatomical findings in the affected twin is discussed. The unique nature of the naturally occurring genetic phenomenon seen in this twin pair provides an opportunity to more fully elucidate the neurobehavioral phenotype associated with X monosomy and Turner's syndrome. 相似文献
117.
R. J. Wechsler Mark E. Schweitzer David Karasick Diane M. Deely William Morrison 《Skeletal radiology》1998,27(1):1-6
Since the degree of comminution, fracture alignment, and articular congruity of intra-articular calcaneal fractures are important
determinants in surgical treatment and patient prognosis, we review helical computed tomographic (CT) technique and features
for detecting and assessing the extent of acute calcaneal fractures. Helical CT can be used to classify these fractures and
facilitate the surgeon’s understanding of the anatomy and position of the fracture components in all orthogonal planes independently
of the patient’s condition, foot placement in the CT gantry, or other injuries. 相似文献
118.
Alison Bushell Leslie Klenerman Helen Davies Ian Grierson Malcolm J. Jackson 《Acta orthopaedica》1996,67(4):393-398
We examined the potential protective effect of pretreatment with corticosteroids or antioxidants (ascorbic acid or allopurinol) in rabbits with reper-fusion-induced damage to skeletal muscle after ischemia.
4 hours of limb ischemia induced by a pneumatic tourniquet, followed by reperfusion for 1 hour, caused a considerable amount of ultrastructural damage to the anterior tibialis muscles accompanied by a rise in circulating creatine kinase activity. Pretreatment of animals with depomedrone by a single 8 mg bolus injection led to a preservation of the anterior tibialis structure on both light and electron microscopy. High-dose continuous intravenous infusion with ascorbic acid (80 mg/hr) throughout the period of ischemia and reperfusion also preserved skeletal muscle structure, although allopurinol in various doses had no protective effect.
These data are fully compatible with a mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury to skeletal muscle, involving generation of oxygen radicals and neutrophil sequestration and activation. They also indicate that damage to human skeletal muscle caused by prolonged use of a tourniquet is likely to be reduced by simple pharmacological interventions. 相似文献
4 hours of limb ischemia induced by a pneumatic tourniquet, followed by reperfusion for 1 hour, caused a considerable amount of ultrastructural damage to the anterior tibialis muscles accompanied by a rise in circulating creatine kinase activity. Pretreatment of animals with depomedrone by a single 8 mg bolus injection led to a preservation of the anterior tibialis structure on both light and electron microscopy. High-dose continuous intravenous infusion with ascorbic acid (80 mg/hr) throughout the period of ischemia and reperfusion also preserved skeletal muscle structure, although allopurinol in various doses had no protective effect.
These data are fully compatible with a mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury to skeletal muscle, involving generation of oxygen radicals and neutrophil sequestration and activation. They also indicate that damage to human skeletal muscle caused by prolonged use of a tourniquet is likely to be reduced by simple pharmacological interventions. 相似文献
119.
Objective. Bone infarction (BI) of the calcaneus is an uncommon entity which has received little mention in the recent literature. In
this paper, we review the MR images of six calcanei with BI, which demonstrate a pattern of presentation that may explain
the etiology of BI at this unusual location. Design. A retrospective review was performed of the transcribed reports of the foot or ankle MR examinations at our institution.
MR images of examinations with any marrow signal abnormality were reviewed for presence of BI and its distribution. Patients. Based on MRI criteria, four patients had calcaneal BI (none biopsy proven); they ranged in age from 37 to 51 years old. Two
patients were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, one with fibrositis, and another with polymyositis. All were treated
with corticosteroids. Results. Six calcanei (in four patients) contained a region of calcaneal BI. In five of the six, the lesions were entirely or predominantly
located in the posterior half of the calcaneus. Conclusion. Two theories are proposed which may explain why BI predominantly occurs in the posterior half of the calcaneus. First, the
convergence of the recurrent intraosseous calcaneal vessels may occasionally produce the equivalent of a single dominant vessel
that is more prone to vascular accidents. Secondly, the region between the recurrent and the epiphyseal vessels may act as
a watershed zone, increasing its susceptibility to ischemia. 相似文献
120.
Effect of cigarette smoking on the specific antibody response in pigeon fanciers. 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Titres of circulating IgG antibodies to pigeon gammaglobulin and end expired carbon monoxide concentrations were measured in 86 pigeon fanciers attending the "Show of the Year." Antibody levels were significantly higher in non-smokers and in those with end expired carbon monoxide concentrations below 10 parts per million. 相似文献