全文获取类型
收费全文 | 653篇 |
免费 | 55篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 39篇 |
妇产科学 | 1篇 |
基础医学 | 53篇 |
口腔科学 | 11篇 |
临床医学 | 60篇 |
内科学 | 145篇 |
皮肤病学 | 43篇 |
神经病学 | 33篇 |
特种医学 | 64篇 |
外科学 | 111篇 |
综合类 | 30篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 42篇 |
眼科学 | 19篇 |
药学 | 29篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 34篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 28篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 33篇 |
2013年 | 35篇 |
2012年 | 30篇 |
2011年 | 23篇 |
2010年 | 33篇 |
2009年 | 21篇 |
2008年 | 18篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 19篇 |
2004年 | 10篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 16篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 27篇 |
1997年 | 26篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有717条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
H Kastrissios E J Triggs G A Mogg D Sainsbury J Higbie K Leow J Sidhu 《Anaesthesia and intensive care》1990,18(2):200-204
Venous plasma concentrations of bupivacaine were determined in eight cholecystectomy patients following multiple interpleural bolus instillations of bupivacaine 20 ml 0.5% with adrenaline (5 mg/l) administered at six- to eight-hour intervals. The mean steady-state peak plasma concentration was 2.3 mg/l (range 1.2-3.1 mg/l); however, in three of the eight patients peak plasma concentrations were greater than 3 mg/l. The mean accumulation ratio was found to be 1.6 (range 0.99-2.49), with steady-state occurring within the first 24 hours of drug administration. Mean apparent systemic plasma clearance was 0.16 +/- 0.07 l/kg/h with a mean terminal half-life of 5.8 +/- 2.3 hours measured at steady-state, values which were not significantly different (P greater than 0.05) from those values obtained following single interpleural bolus dose administration. 相似文献
92.
The adrenoceptor-mediated responses in human skin (blanching and erythema) were studied by an iontophoretic technique. It is concluded that the receptors in superficial dermal blood vessels belong to the subclasses alpha 1 and beta 2. 相似文献
93.
Summary Following a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of triethyltin (10 mg/kg) in rats, vacuoles appeared in the myelin sheath within 3 h and they progressively increased in size between 6 and 24h. Their development was closely correlated with a progressive increase in water, sodium, and chloride content of the brain, and of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. Oedema was more extensive in tissues consisting predominantly of white matter rather than grey matter. The sustanined increase in CSF pressure did not precede the development of lesions and was the result of, rather than the cause of, brain oedema and swelling. These findings indicate that triethyltin has a direct effect on the myelin sheath. 相似文献
94.
Metastasis-associated protein S100A4--a potential prognostic marker for colorectal cancer 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Hemandas AK Salto-Tellez M Maricar SH Leong AF Leow CK 《Journal of surgical oncology》2006,93(6):498-503
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Expression of S100A4, a small calcium-binding protein, in breast, oesophagus and gall bladder cancers is shown to be associated with adverse clinical outcome. We retrospectively examined the correlation of S100A4 expression and outcome in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS: Tissue sections from 54 patients with Dukes B, C and D cancers operated on between 1995 and 1998 were stained with anti-S100A4 antibody. The S100A4 expression profile was correlated to the clinico-pathological details. RESULTS: There were 31 males and 23 females (mean age 65.94 years +/- 12.29). Dukes stage, >4 positive lymph node status and S100A4 expression were significantly associated with poorer survival. The 3 years survival of patients whose tumour stained positive for S100A4 was 62.85% compared to 93.75% for those stained negative (P < 0.012). In patients with <4 involved nodes, S100A4 expression led to poorer survival (57 months vs. 74 months; P < 0.0052). Within a particular Dukes stage, S100A4 expression was associated with poorer outcome. The 5 years survival of Dukes B patients whose tumour stained negative for S100A4 was 92% compared to 54.6% for those with positive tumours. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that S100A4 expression is associated with adverse clinical outcome. Inclusion of S100A4 expression status may enhance our accuracy to prognosticate in patients with colorectal cancer. 相似文献
95.
Specific endocrine changes occur with the ageing process. The last decade has witnessed significant progress in the basic and clinical science of ageing, thereby rejuvenating the interest in anti-ageing medicine, especially that of hormone replacement, by medical professionals and the lay public. However, endocrine manipulation as a therapeutic strategy for ageing is still evolving as continuing research attempts to answer the many questions of what it can achieve at the risk of incurring unknown long-term adverse effects. The current day doctor is confronted with a host of options, and will benefit from a synopsis of the latest evidence before making the most appropriate decision for aged patients seeking hormonal replacement therapy as a means to counter the effects of ageing. This review aims to give a rapid overview of the endocrine profile of geriatric population and the studies on the more controversial hormonal replacement therapies for the aged. 相似文献
96.
SUMMARY: Deposits of IgA together with complement in different body tissues support the hypothesis that IgA can trigger inflammatory mechanisms. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by predominant mesangial IgA1 deposits of a polymeric nature. So far, the mechanism of polymeric IgA1 deposition in the kidney mesangium is poorly understood in IgAN. the exact pathophysiological sequel preceding renal fibrosis following the mesangial deposition of IgA immune complexes remains speculative. Recent in vitro studies revealed that binding of IgA to mesangial cells led to increased expression of growth factors, cytokines, and integrins. the release of these proinflammatory factors is likely to enhance inflammatory injury. In addition, the local renin-angiotensin system present in renal tissues also contributes to renal fibrosis through the activation of transforming growth factor-β. the question of whether polymeric IgA isolated from patients with IgAN exerted any upregulatory effect on the synthesis of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and components of the renin-angiotensin system in human mesangial cells was explored. the in vitro studies revealed that polymeric IgA from IgAN patients upregulated the gene expression of renin and MIF in human mesangial cells in a dose-dependent manner. These findings further support the notion that glomerular deposition of IgA is not only a pathological epiphenomenon of IgAN, but that polymeric IgA exerts a pathophysiologic effect on the mesangial cells leading to renal fibrosis. 相似文献
97.
Lin CH Leow HT Huang SC Nakamura J Swenberg JA Lin PH 《Chemical research in toxicology》2005,18(2):257-264
The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of chlorination of catechol (CAT) derivatives of pentachlorophenol (PCP) on the induction of cytotoxicity and DNA damaging effects in calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and in two human breast carcinoma cell lines. Results indicated that with the addition of the transition metal copper(II), increases in the amount of aldehydic DNA lesions (ADL) were detected in ct-DNA exposed to PCP-derived CATs over the corresponding control. The DNA lesions induced by various degrees of chlorination of PCP-derived CATs decrease in the rank order CAT congruent with 4-chlorocatechol (4-ClCAT) > 4,5-dichlorocatechol (4,5-Cl2CAT) > 3,4,5-trichlorocatechol (3,4,5-Cl3CAT) > tetrachlorocatechol (Cl4CAT). In contrast, Cl4CAT was the only congeneric form of PCP-derived catechols that induced a significant increase in the number of ADL in human MCF-7 cells, and this only occurred when glutathione was depleted. Pretreatment with copper(I) and iron(II) chelators significantly reduced the formation of ADL in cells exposed to Cl4CAT. The data also indicated that the ADL induced by Cl4CAT in MCF-7 cells contain approximately 70% putrescine excisable ADL. This evidence confirmed that the ADL induced by Cl4CAT in MCF-7 cells were derived from oxidative events. In addition, we demonstrated that the depletion of NAD(P)H in human T47D cells exposed to chlorinated CATs decreased in the rank order Cl4CAT > 4-ClCAT congruent with CAT. The depletion of NAD(P)H induced by Cl4CAT in T47D cells was partially blocked by catalase, superoxide dismutase, dimethyl sulfoxide, and copper(I) and iron(II) specific chelators. Additionally, the depletion of NAD(P)H in T47D cells exposed to Cl4CAT (1-10 microM) was completely blocked by three types of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitors. This evidence suggests that Cl4CAT induces an imbalance in DNA repair and the subsequent accumulation of DNA strand breaks in human cultured cells. Overall, these findings indicate that dechlorination may decrease the potentials of chlorinated catechols to induce oxidative DNA lesions and cytotoxic effects in living cells. 相似文献
98.
99.