Preparation of nanocellulose and its potential in reinforced composites: A review

Cellulose is a kind of natural polymer material, which is composed of bundle-like fibrils. By peeling the fibrils layer by layer, the size of cellulose can be nanocrystallized, and nanofibers and nanocrystals with unique and potentially useful features can be prepared. As an emerging functional polymer material, nanocellulose has become a research hotspot in the field of technology. This review discusses the preparation of nanocellulose, including the commonly used hydrolysis, oxidation, physical and environmentally friendly ionic liquid methods. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods are also compared. And the review introduced the application of nanofiberized cellulose and nanocellulose crystals in the fields of thermosetting and thermoplastics, such as polylactic acid, polypropylene, epoxy resin and so on. The critical factors in the manufacturing of nanocellulose composites and mechanical properties are discussed to provide a reference for the further application and development of nanocellulose.     

直丝弓矫治技术用于安氏骨性Ⅱ类错畸形治疗前后面型的改变

目的探讨直丝弓矫治技术对安氏Ⅱ类骨性错畸形患者骨面型的改变情况。方法在矫治前拍摄的头颅定位侧位片上,筛选出8例安氏Ⅱ类骨性错畸形患者,应用直丝弓矫治技术进行矫治,矫治结束后,在同样条件下再拍摄头颅定位侧位片,行头影测量分析,与治疗前数值进行比较,观察骨面型的改变情况。结果直丝弓矫治对安氏Ⅱ类骨性错畸形患者的面型略有改变,但患者的深覆及深覆盖的纠正更多是由下前牙唇侧倾斜来代偿完成。结论安氏Ⅱ类骨性错畸形患者在恒牙期早期或恒牙期直接采用直丝弓矫治技术进行矫治,对牙齿排列和咬合关系调整虽然有一定的治疗效果,但是对侧面型的改善程度有限,不能达到理想的矫治效果。     

玻璃离子水门汀与银汞粘接的剪切力测试

探讨了玻璃离子水门汀增强银汞充填体与牙体之间的粘结作用。取新鲜离体人磨牙制成3mm厚的牙块,在其中央制备直径3mm的圆柱形洞,分别以玻璃离子、银汞粘结剂涂于洞壁,再充填银汞合金,另设空白对照组。两周后测各组的剪切力并作统计学分析。结果表明:玻璃离子与银汞粘结剂组的剪切力比空白对照组大,并有显著差异;说明玻璃离子与银汞粘结剂均有相似的增强银汞修复体与牙体之间粘结力的作用。     

Attachment of gold nanoparticles to glassy carbon electrode and its application for the voltammetric resolution of ascorbic acid and dopamine

Gold nanoparticles have been attached on glassy carbon electrode surface through sulfhydryl-terminated monolayer and the gold nanoparticles-immobilized glassy carbon electrodes have been applied to the electrocatalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid, reducing the overpotential by about 200 mV with obviously increased current response. Due to its strong electrocatalytic activity towards ascorbic acid, the gold nanoparticles modified electrode can resolve the overlapped voltammetric waves of ascorbic acid and dopamine into two well-defined voltammetric peaks with peak-to-peak separation in potentials of about 300 mV. This can be used to allow the selective determination of ascorbic acid in the presence of dopamine. The catalytic current obtained from differential pulse voltammetry is linearly dependent on ascorbic acid concentration over the range of 6.5 × 10^?6 to 1.45 × 10^?4 M with correlation coefficient of 0.998 in the presence of dopamine. The detection limit (3σ) for AA was found to be 2.8 × 10^?6 M. The simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and dopamine in their binary mixture has also been investigated. The modified electrode shows good selectivity, stability and anti-fouling properties. The proposed methods have been used for the selective determination of ascorbic acid in the presence of dopamine and for the simultaneous determination of both them in their mixtures with satisfactory results.     

用新型组合式矫治装置早期矫治安氏Ⅱ~1错

目的:用新型组合式矫治装置治疗替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合。方法:采用由口外弓、下颌唇挡及上颌斜面导板组成的矫治装置,治疗替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合66例(男3 0例,女3 6例) ,治疗前后进行X线头影测量分析。结果:66例患者的覆牙合、覆盖及颌关系调整时间为3～13个月,平均7.6个月。治疗后覆牙合平均减小2 .5mm ,覆盖减小4.3mm ,SNB角增加1.8°,ANB角减小1.9°,U 1 NA角减小8.8°,L1 NB角增加6.4°,IMPA角增加5 .7°,Z角增加4.5°,Wits值减小1.6,ANS Me增加4.0mm。结论:该组合式矫治装置对替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合具有良好的矫治效果。     

产黑色素普氏菌DNA探针的制备及鉴定

本研究旨在应用DNA探针杂交技术快速检测产黑色素普氏菌、利用产黑色素普氏菌经酚抽取全染色体DNA，并以缺口转移法标记32P，制备探针。结果证实，该探针能够检测到膜上2×104的纯菌；当产黑色素普氏菌和中间普氏菌以不同比例混合点膜时，该探针能够检测到占混合菌群17％的目的菌；与口腔感染常见菌株杂交，未见交叉反应。     

四种光固化复合树脂修复物边缘微渗漏的体外试验研究

目的:比较4种光固化充填材料修复体边缘微渗漏.方法:在新鲜拔除的40个人前磨牙的颊侧牙颈部制洞,将牙齿分为4组,每组10个.分别充填4种修复材料Restorative Z-350、Z-100(3M),Chafisma(Dentsply),Durafill(Kulzer)经冷热交替试验(4～60℃,循环600次),采用10 g/L碱性品红染料渗入法,在体视显微镜下观察修复体与牙体洞壁间边缘微渗漏.结果:4种材料中3M-Z350微渗漏最小,Durafill最大,DurafiU与其他3组相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05);3M-Z100和Chrisma无显著性差异(P＞0.05);3MZ350与其他3组相比有显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论:3M-Z350可能是临床修复牙体缺损的较好材料.