假性甲状旁腺功能减退症1例

患儿,男,5个月,因呼吸不畅5d,门诊以先天性喉喘鸣收入院。5d前出现呼吸不畅,咽喉部有痰鸣,故入院。查体:圆脸、下颏短,前囟2.5cm×2.5cm,平坦,枕秃( ),乒乓球感( ),咽稍红,双肺呼吸音可闻及喉鸣音,未闻及干湿啰性音,心脏、腹部及神经系统未见异常。血钙1.75mmol/L,血磷1.81mmol     

新生儿性传播性结膜炎40例临床诊治分析

新生儿性传播性结膜炎包括淋菌性结膜炎和非淋菌性结膜炎。现对在眼科门诊收治的58例双眼患急性结膜炎的新生儿以PCR检查证实，发现40例诊断为性传播性结膜炎，并施行相应治疗，结果报告如下。     

主动脉瓣机械瓣置换术后交替脉

报道４例因主动脉瓣关闭不全行主动脉瓣置换术后的患者在术后早期出现脉搏交替现象，此时心电图为整齐的窦性心律，所记录的脉搏图形高低交替，如扪诊桡动脉时则会发现桡动脉搏数为心电图示心率的一半。患者术后均顺利恢复，显示这一现象为一过性的、良性的过程。推测这一现象出现的原因可能是术后早期主动脉瓣不再有回流，因而巨大的左室腔充盈不足，加之左室收缩力尚低，不能在每次收缩时都能射出同等量的血流所致     

双歧杆菌对早产儿食道pH值的影响及临床意义

目的为探讨双歧杆菌对早产儿食道pH值的影响，及其对早产儿易发生的消化道疾病的防治意义。方法我们采用便携式24hpH值自动记录仪，对61例早产儿进行了食道pH值的动态监测。结果口服双歧杆菌活菌制剂组的30例早产儿，食道pH值明显高于未服药的对照组，t=2．4093，P＜0．05。总pH值＜4的时间占总观察时间的百分比显著小于对照组。并且治疗组发生消化道疾患的人数也较对照组少。结论早产儿口服双歧杆菌活菌制剂可以减少胃食道反流等消化道疾病的发生。     

Comparison of in vitro and in vivo alpha/beta ratios for prostate cancer

Parallel in vitro and in vivo studies provide insight into the relationship between clinical response and intrinsic cellular radiosensitivity and may aid in the development of predictive assays. Compilations of radiosensitivity parameters from in vitro experiments can also be used to examine the potential effectiveness of alternative or new treatment plan designs until enough clinical data become available to directly estimate the requisite radiosensitivity parameters. In this work, survival data for six prostate cancer cell lines (ten datasets total) have been extracted from the literature and re-analysed using the linear-quadratic (LQ) survival model. The paired bootstrap technique for regression is used to compute 95% confidence intervals for the estimated radiosensitivity parameters. LQ radiosensitivity parameters derived from the in vitro data are then compared to radiosensitivity parameters derived from clinical data for prostate cancer. Estimates of alpha range from 0.09 to 0.35 Gy(-1) (all cell lines), and the alpha/beta ratio ranges from 1.09 to 6.29 Gy (all cell lines). Point estimates of the repair half-time (PPC-1, TSU-Pr1, PC-3 and DU-145 cell lines) range from 5.7 to 8.9 h (95% confidence interval from 0.26 h to 10.7 h). Differences in the radiosensitivity parameters determined from the data reported by different laboratories are as large as or larger than the differences in radiosensitivity parameters observed among the various prostate cell lines. The reported studies demonstrate that even seemingly small corrections for dose rate effects, such as those expected in high dose rate (HDR) experiments, can sometimes have a significant impact on estimates of alpha and alpha/beta. By neglecting dose rate effects in the analysis of HDR experiments, estimates of the alpha/beta, ratio may be too high by factors as large as 1.3 to 6.2. The half-time for repair derived from the in vitro experiments appears significantly larger (slower repair rate) than estimates derived from the clinical data. However, the prostate radiosensitivity parameters alpha and alpha/beta may be approximately the same in vitro and in vivo. Most of the in vitro data are consistent with an alpha/beta ratio for prostate cancer less than 3 or 4 Gy.     

腹膜透析治疗老年慢性肾功能衰竭的临床分析

目的 分析持续性腹膜透析(PD)治疗老年慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者的临床效果,探讨PD在老年CRF患者中的应用经验.方法 回顾性分析89例老年CRF患者接受PD(简称老年PD组)治疗后的临床表现和生化指标、主要并发症、存活率、死亡原因等,并与53例非老年PD组相比较.结果 老年PD组的原发疾病以糖尿病(37.08%)、原发性高血压(30.34%)为主,而非老年PD组则以肾小球肾炎(54.72%)为主.两组患者的1年与3年存活率差异无统计学意义,腹膜炎仍是两组患者退出PD的主要原因.老年组的病死率明显高于非老年组,感染与心脑血管病是两组患者的主要并发症和死亡原因.低钾血症在老年PD患者中非常普遍.结论 腹膜透析在老年CRF患者的治疗中有效,但长期存活仍受腹膜炎、心脑血管病并发症的影响,老年PD患者的低钾血症应引起足够的重视.     

低强度脉冲电磁场对大鼠骨质疏松的影响

目的：观察低强度脉冲电磁场（pulsed electromagnetic fields，PEMFs）对去卵巢诱导骨质疏松症的大鼠生化指标和骨应力的影响。方法：雌性SD大鼠30只，随机等分为3组（n=10），分别为假手术组（Sham）、骨质疏松模型组（Model）、脉冲电磁场照射组（PEMFs）。经适应4wk后，在25mg·Kg^-1戊巴比妥钠腹腔麻醉下，Model组和PEMFs组摘除双侧卵巢．Sham组找到但不切除卵巢。各实验组均在相同环境下饲养，模型制备4wk后开始治疗，由GZY型低强度低频率脉冲电磁场发生仪产生低频脉冲磁场，根据实验要求，我们使用亥姆霍兹线圈形成均匀磁场，PEMFs组经照射刺激治疗，频率14．3Hz，场强2Gs．日照8h。Model组和Sham组正常饲养。治疗8wk后，对各组大鼠血清、尿液中ALP和Ca以及骨应力进行检测。结果：（1）ALP、Ca检测结果：与Model组相比，PEMFs组ALP值、Ca值差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。其中，血清中ALP值，Model组为（275．16±228，57），PEMFs组为（179．30±87．68）；Ca值，Model组为（2，66±0，13），PEMFs组为（2．52±0．05）。（2）骨应力检测结果：Model组为（923．60±34．15Pa），PEMFs组为（1152．85±118，20Pa），组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：研究发现，PEMFs对于促进骨重建、提高Ca吸收和骨应力恢复具有积极作用。     

细菌对噬菌体感染的抵抗

噬菌体对其宿主菌具有特异性感染力,反之,宿主菌对噬菌体的感染具有抵抗现象.根据噬菌体侵入宿主的不同阶段,可以将宿主菌对噬菌体的天然抵抗机制分为4个主要的类别吸附抑制,流产感染,限制-修饰系统和穿入阻滞.此外,还有源于噬菌体的抗性作用以及通过人工插入突变获得的广谱噬菌体抗性菌株等.     

Effect of platelet-derived growth factor on the development and persistence of asbestos-induced fibroproliferative lung disease.

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms and PDGF receptor-alpha are upregulated in fibroproliferative lesions in response to asbestos exposure. To examine the functional role of PDGF in asbestos-induced lung disease, we have evaluated the impact of PDGF-B overexpression in the lung on the development of pulmonary fibrosis induced by asbestos inhalation. Transgenic mice expressing PDGF-B from the surfactant protein C promoter and wild-type C57BL/6 mice were exposed to aerosolized chrysotile asbestos fibers via three different exposure regimens: 3 consecutive days to 9 mg/m(3), once a week for 5 weeks to 12 mg/m(3), or once a week for 8 weeks to 11 mg/m(3). The 3-day exposure did not produce fibroproliferative lesions in SPC-PDGFB or wild-type mice, indicating that PDGF expression did not increase susceptibility to a subthreshold dose of asbestos. Transgenic and wild-type mice subjected to the 5-week exposure protocol exhibited similar fibrogenic lesions histologically 48 hours and 8 weeks postexposure, but lungs from transgenic mice had elevated lung hydroxyproline content 8 weeks postexposure relative to wild-type mice. In addition, SPC-PDGFB transgenic mice developed pronounced thickening of arterioles following the 5-week exposure regimen. Mice exposed to asbestos for 8 weeks and examined 10 months later showed pronounced, diffuse fibrotic lesions of terminal bronchioles and alveolar ducts, but no histological differences between transgenic and nontransgenic mice were observed. These results indicated that PDGF-B overexpression can stimulate increased collagen deposition and vascular smooth muscle hyperplasia following asbestos inhalation and that a limited exposure (8 times) to chrysotile aerosol can produce long-lasting fibrotic lesions. The 8-week exposure regimen provides an animal model that encompasses an important aspect of human asbestosis-i.e., persistence of fibrosis for long periods after cessation of asbestos exposure.