H-2 Antigen Frequencies Among Wild Mice From Chile

Thirty-five wild mice ( Mus musculus L. ) were captured at four different localities in Chile. The mice were typed for the presence of 15 K-, 11 D-, 14 A-, and two E-region H-2 antigens, using the complement-antibody microcytotoxicity assay. The mice from the sample representing the largest locality had a characteristic antigenic profile distinguishing them from other mouse populations thus far studied. With respect to class I H-2 antigens, the profile was characterized by the presence of antigens H-2K.16, 31, 103, 19, 108, 21, 33, 26, 115, and H-2D.4, 106, 30, 32, 111, 114, and 18 (in order of decreasing antigen frequency), and by the absence of antigens H-2K.15, 17, 20, 113, 116 and H-2D.2, 9, 110, and 112. The profile was, furthermore, characterized by the relatively high frequency of antigens H-2K.16, 31, and H-2D.4 and 106. The profile of class II antigens was also unique to the Chilean population but less conspicuously so than that of the class I antigens. Analysis of antigenic associations suggested that among the 34% blank H-2K alleles there were at least two coding for relatively frequent but as yet unidentified K antigens. Similarly, among the 57%blanks at the H-2D locus there were at least two frequent alleles encoding unidentified D antigens. Analysis of genetic distances suggested similarity between South American mice and mice from coastal regions of Europe.     

Relationship between early pronunciation processes and later pronunciation skill

Two boys who exhibited different early phonological processes for the maintenance of syllables in polysyllabic words were studied at two subsequent times during the phonology development period. At Time 1 (mean age 1:10) one child used assimilation and reduplication, while the other used glottal and glide replacement. At Time 2 (mean age 3:8) and Time 3 (mean age 6:0) the children maintained differences in types and frequencies of process use. The child using glottal and glide replacement lagged somewhat behind the other regarding the rate of process dissolution, especially for those processes affecting affricates and clusters. The longitudinal data suggest that early processes applied to polysyllabic words may be predictive of later pronunciation skill for the production of continuous speech.     

The neurotoxicity of homodimaprit (SKF-91488): Sites of action assessed by the [14C]2-deoxyglucose technique

Homodimaprit (SKF-91488) when injected into the lateral ventricle of the rat resulted in a delayed behavioral syndrome characterized by motor incoordination, hyperexcitability, and aggressive behavior, which occurred 18 hr after injection and ultimately caused death 24–72 hr after injection. In order to determine where the neural effects were occurring, the [¹⁴C]2-deoxyglucose technique was utilized to identify possible sites of brain neural activation. Histological examination revealed that homodimaprit produced periventricular lesions at 18 hr. Autoradiographic analysis demonstrated increased ipsilateral activation in the nucleus accumbens, lateral septal nucleus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, caudato-putamen, and the rostral half of the dorsal hippocampus. Bilateral activation was observed in the medial preoptico-hypothalamus, midline thalamic nuclei including the mediodorsal nucleus, and the periventricular central gray. These findings suggest that the delayed behavioral effects of homodimaprit are probably the result of the activation of these specific areas of the brain and the resulting periventricular lesions. The mechanism by which homodimaprit produces these effects, however, remains unknown.     

A transforming view of mental health

Journal of Prevention -     

Cellular and molecular mechanisms in wound healing: selected concepts

The interactions among cells, structural and other proteins, and large and small molecules in the dermis is an extremely complex, and largely unknown subject in normal skin, so that these interactions in wounded skin are incapable of complete comprehension at present. The problem is compounded by the further reaction and interaction of formed structures within the dermis, such as blood and lymphatic vessels and nerves of all types, and adnexal structures, as well as interactions with the epidermis, which are separately reviewed in the following chapter. In spite of all of this, there are several areas in which research has provided rather extensive insight into the wound healing process. These areas will now be reviewed. A separate review has been provided in this volume of the results obtained using in vitro systems for studies of the wound healing process (Chapter 6).Wound healing has been traditionally divided into three phases: (1) the inflammatory phase, also known as the exudative, lag, or substrate phase; (2) the fibroblastic phase, also known as the connective tissue or proliferative phase; and (3) the remodeling phase, also known as the resorptive or differentiating phase. Although these phases are somewhat arbitrary, we will use them to organize our approach to the problem, dividing our discussion into the inflammatory phase—to which we shall give emphasis—and later developments. Various aspects of the phases of wound healing overlap extensively.     

MR imaging of blood vessels using three-dimensional reconstruction: methodology

Multisection, dual-echo magnetic resonance (MR) transaxial images of blood vessels contain both anatomic and qualitative information about flow. Even so, the images are produced as a series of two-dimensional tomographic sections from which full visualization of connected structures is difficult. A computer algorithm was developed that automatically detects flowing blood based on pixel intensity and calculated T2 and provides reconstructed views of vessels while analyzing and displaying flow characteristics. Images of abdominal vessels, aortic aneurysms, and the heart were encoded by flow and color to demonstrate depth. In addition, these data were reconstructed to derive a more accurate assessment of patency. With this technique, transaxial images can be used to analyze flow patterns, determine patent areas, and visualize all levels of vessels in a single image.