全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11910篇 |
免费 | 402篇 |
国内免费 | 68篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 129篇 |
儿科学 | 224篇 |
妇产科学 | 77篇 |
基础医学 | 1485篇 |
口腔科学 | 280篇 |
临床医学 | 584篇 |
内科学 | 2822篇 |
皮肤病学 | 101篇 |
神经病学 | 1066篇 |
特种医学 | 461篇 |
外科学 | 2049篇 |
综合类 | 85篇 |
预防医学 | 349篇 |
眼科学 | 436篇 |
药学 | 921篇 |
中国医学 | 72篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1239篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 34篇 |
2022年 | 74篇 |
2021年 | 145篇 |
2020年 | 89篇 |
2019年 | 105篇 |
2018年 | 144篇 |
2017年 | 115篇 |
2016年 | 176篇 |
2015年 | 184篇 |
2014年 | 245篇 |
2013年 | 373篇 |
2012年 | 641篇 |
2011年 | 715篇 |
2010年 | 376篇 |
2009年 | 330篇 |
2008年 | 690篇 |
2007年 | 823篇 |
2006年 | 845篇 |
2005年 | 887篇 |
2004年 | 927篇 |
2003年 | 872篇 |
2002年 | 919篇 |
2001年 | 156篇 |
2000年 | 111篇 |
1999年 | 156篇 |
1998年 | 237篇 |
1997年 | 211篇 |
1996年 | 181篇 |
1995年 | 158篇 |
1994年 | 166篇 |
1993年 | 140篇 |
1992年 | 100篇 |
1991年 | 103篇 |
1990年 | 88篇 |
1989年 | 77篇 |
1988年 | 67篇 |
1987年 | 63篇 |
1986年 | 54篇 |
1985年 | 57篇 |
1984年 | 64篇 |
1983年 | 48篇 |
1982年 | 60篇 |
1981年 | 56篇 |
1980年 | 63篇 |
1979年 | 33篇 |
1978年 | 38篇 |
1977年 | 30篇 |
1975年 | 22篇 |
1974年 | 18篇 |
1973年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
Immunohistochemical detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in the setting of ongoing necrosis after radiofrequency ablation. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Tomoo Itoh Yasuko Orba Hidehiro Takei Yusuke Ishida Makoto Saitoh Hideaki Nakamura Takashi Meguro Shoichi Horita Miri Fujita Kazuo Nagashima 《Modern pathology》2002,15(2):110-115
After radiofrequency ablation (RFA), hepatocellular carcinoma undergoes complete necrosis and an ongoing necrosis that is irreversible and characterized histologically by disrupted cell outlines, homogenous cytoplasmic eosinophilia, and preserved nuclear staining, with the cells appearing quite distinct from viable cancer cells. Antibody to detect single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) specifically labeled nuclei in the setting of ongoing necrosis, but not viable tumor cells, whereas human mitochondrial antibody labeled the cytoplasm of viable cells but not cells of ongoing necrosis. The results demonstrate that RFA causes denaturation of both DNA and proteins and that the immunohistochemistry of ssDNA and mitochondrial protein is useful in detection of ongoing necrosis after RFA and provides pathological information on the validity of this procedure. 相似文献
82.
Xiao Liu Xiaohong Meng Lizhu Yang Yanling Long Yu Fujinami‐Yokokawa Jiayun Ren Toshihide Kurihara Kazuo Tsubota Kazushige Tsunoda Kaoru Fujinami Shiying Li East Asia Inherited Retinal Disease Society Study Group 《American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics》2020,184(3):694-707
Stargardt disease 1 (STGD1) is the most prevalent retinal dystrophy caused by pathogenic biallelic ABCA4 variants. Forty‐two unrelated patients mostly originating from Western China were recruited. Comprehensive ophthalmological examinations, including visual acuity measurements (subjective function), fundus autofluorescence (retinal imaging), and full‐field electroretinography (objective function), were performed. Next‐generation sequencing (target/whole exome) and direct sequencing were conducted. Genotype grouping was performed based on the presence of deleterious variants. The median age of onset/age was 10.0 (5–52)/29.5 (12–72) years, and the median visual acuity in the right/left eye was 1.30 (0.15–2.28)/1.30 (0.15–2.28) in the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution unit. Ten patients (10/38, 27.0%) showed confined macular dysfunction, and 27 (27/37, 73.7%) had generalized retinal dysfunction. Fifty‐eight pathogenic/likely pathogenic ABCA4 variants, including 14 novel variants, were identified. Eight patients (8/35, 22.8%) harbored multiple deleterious variants, and 17 (17/35, 48.6%) had a single deleterious variant. Significant associations were revealed between subjective functional, retinal imaging, and objective functional groups, identifying a significant genotype–phenotype association. This study illustrates a large phenotypic/genotypic spectrum in a large well‐characterized STGD1 cohort. A distinct genetic background of the Chinese population from the Caucasian population was identified; meanwhile, a genotype–phenotype association was similarly represented. 相似文献
83.
Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and IL-1B C-31T polymorphism among Japanese Brazilians 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Uno M Hamajima N Ito LS Oba SM Marie SK Shinjo SK Onda H Saito T Takezaki T Tajima K Tominaga S 《International journal of molecular medicine》2002,10(3):321-326
We reported previously that anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody seropositivity (HP+) had an association with interleukin 1B (IL-1B) C-31T genotype, especially among smokers. This study examined the association for Japanese Brazilians. In this cross-sectional study, voluntary participation was announced through Japanese Brazilian communities in Sao Paulo, Curitiba, Mogi das Cruzes, and Mirandopolis; 963 Japanese Brazilians (399 males and 564 females) aged 33-69 years participated. Lifestyle data and peripheral blood were collected. An anti-HP IgG antibody test and genotyping for IL-1B C-31T and IL-1RN 86 bp VNTR were independently conducted. The genotype frequency of the IL-1B polymorphism among 947 individuals was 23.9% for C/C genotype, 45.6% for C/T genotype, and 30.5% for T/T genotype. Sex-age-adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of HP+ was 1.30 (95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.81) for C/T genotype and 1.45 (1.02-2.07) for T/T genotype relative to C/C genotype. The aOR for 127 current smokers was 2.45 (0.91-6.55) for C/T and 3.49 (1.17-10.46) for T/T, while that for 667 never smokers was 1.21 (0.82-1.78) and 1.36 (0.90-2.05), respectively. The corresponding figures were 2.42 (1.16-5.02) and 3.00 (1.33-6.78) for 226 current drinkers, and 1.21 (0.82-1.78) and 1.36 (0.90-2.05) for 667 non-drinkers. The difference in the OR was observed for milk consumption, salty pickled vegetable eating, and physical exercise practice. 4/4 Genotype of IL-1RN 86 bp VNTR was 84.8%, and had no association with the HP seropositivity. The observed association between HP+ and IL-1B -31TT indicated that the genetic trait also influences the susceptibility to HP for Japanese in Brazil. 相似文献
84.
Kazuo Soga Takeshi Shiono Yoshiharu Doi 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》1988,189(7):1531-1541
Three kinds of MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalysts (ester-free, ethyl benzoate (EB, monoester) and dibutyl phthalate (DNBP, diester) as internal donors) were prepared. Polymerization of propylene was carried out using these catalysts with and without phenyltriethoxysilane (PTES) as an external donor. Significant differences were observed in the kinetic behavior of polymerization among ester-free, monoester, and diester systems. Addition of PTES, however, did not change the kinetic behavior. The polymers produced were separated into three fractions by extraction with boiling heptane and octane, and the molar mass distribution (MMD) curves were measured for these three fractions. The heptane-insoluble, isotactic polymer obtained in the absence of PTES was found to consist of two fractions, octane-soluble and -insoluble. The octane-soluble polymer having lower molar mass contained appreciable amounts of syndiotactic stereoblocks in the chains, whereas the octane-insoluble polymer did not contain such stereoblocks. Addition of PTES drastically increased the octane-insoluble fraction without changing the average molar mass. On the other hand, the MMD curve for the heptane-soluble, atactic polymer gradually shifted to the lower molar mass range with an increase in the concentration of PTES. From these results, the effects of internal and external donors on catalyst activity and stereospecificity were discussed putting emphasis on the differences between monoesters and diesters. 相似文献
85.
Takehiko Ohzeki Keiichi Hanaki Nobuo Ishitani Hiroko Ohtahara Hirofumi Urashima Toshinori Tsukuda Jun-Ichi Nagaishi Kazuo Shiraki 《American journal of human biology》1995,7(2):237-240
Skinfold thicknessess (SFT) were measured at ulnar, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac sites in 730 boys and 724 girls (age 3–12 years) whose stature ranged from 100 to 150 cm and whose weight was within ±20% of the average. Means and standard deviation (SD) were calculated after logarithmic transformation of the original skinfold readings to demonstrate stature-based standards of SFT in Japanese children. The means of SFT exhibited nadirs (boys/ girls: ulnar 5.1/5.9 mm, triceps 7.9/9.5 mm, subscapular 4.9/6.1 mm, suprailiac 4.5/6.2 mm) in subjects 110–115 cm tall except for ulnar SFT in girls. SFT values increased as children increased in stature. Standard deviations of SFT at the four sites in short children (staturte < mean ?1 SD) were estimated using the stature-based standard as well as an age-based standard. Susms of the SDs assessed by the age-based standard were significantly smaller than those assessed by the stature-based standard in boys (P < 0.05) and girls (P < 0.01) with short stature, suggesting that SFT in short children was falsely understimated by the age-based standard. Thus, the stature-based standard is beneficial for the assessment of SFT, especially in children whose stature is below the mean ?-1 SD. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
86.
Kazuo Mishima Takuma Tozawa Kohtoku Satoh Hidetomo Saitoh Yumiko Mishima 《American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics》2005,(1):101-104
Sleep timing is influenced by the circadian system. Morningness-eveningness (ME) preference in humans is affected by the free-running period, which is determined by circadian clock-relevant genes. In this study, we investigated association between the 3111T/C polymorphism in the 3'-flanking region of hClock (Homo sapiens Clock homolog) and ME preference in 421 Japanese subjects. The Horne-Ostberg ME questionnaire (MEQ) scores showed normal distribution, with mean score of 51.2 +/- 1.4 (range, 25-73), and scores were positively correlated with sleep onset time (r = 0.541, P < 0.001) and wake time (r = 0.513, P < 0.001). MEQ scores were significantly lower in subjects with 3111C/C (n = 12) than in subjects with 3111T/C (n = 106, P < 0.001) or 3111T/T (n = 303, P < 0.001), suggesting a stronger eveningness preference in 3111C/C homozygotes. This group also showed significantly delayed sleep onset (P < 0.001), shorter sleep time (P < 0.001), and greater daytime sleepiness (P < 0.001) in comparison to parameters in the subjects with the 3111T allele. There was no significant difference in any of these parameters between the 3111C/T and 3111T/T genotypes. The influence of the 3111T/C polymorphism on ME preferences in Caucasian populations remains controversial. The present findings in a Japanese population sample, which should have a relatively low risk of population stratification effects, suggest the significance of the association of the 3111C/C allele of hClock with evening preference. 相似文献
87.
Takemasa T Sugimoto K Miyazaki M Machida M Ikeda S Hitomi Y Kizaki T Ohno H Yamashita K Haga S 《European journal of applied physiology》2004,91(2-3):357-359
Skeletal muscle is composed of several different types of myofiber: slow oxidative (SO), fast glycolytic oxidative and fast glycolytic. However, the classification is usually determined by myosin heavy chain typing rather than by metabolic index. In this study, the oxidative metabolic index was investigated as a possible method of myofiber typing. Myoglobin, which is involved in oxygen transport and storage in myofibers, and mitochondria, which are the central organelles for oxidative metabolism, were studied. High levels of myoglobin and mitochondria are believed to exist in SO fibers, but the current study showed that they are considerably richer in some fast type fibers. As myofiber typing using the oxidative metabolic index is important physiologically, an attempt was made to find a simple method for this purpose. Some mitochondrial proteins have been observed to auto-fluoresce but until now this effect was too faint to detect easily. Owing to the recent advances in cooling charge-coupled device technology, such auto-fluorescence can now be used for myofiber typing, and the simple and rapid method for doing so is reported here. 相似文献
88.
89.
Kitada S Maekura R Toyoshima N Naka T Fujiwara N Kobayashi M Yano I Ito M Kobayashi K 《Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology》2005,12(1):44-51
We report the development of a serodiagnostic method for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with the MAC-specific glycopeptidolipid (GPL) core as the antigen. In this study, we confirmed by EIA that the GPL core antibody was in the sera of immunocompetent patients with MAC disease. The EIA for quantifying the GPL core antibody was evaluated as a clinical tool for serodiagnosis of pulmonary MAC disease. A significant increase in GPL core antibodies (immunoglobulins G, A, and M) was detected in sera of patients with MAC pulmonary diseases when they were compared to patients who were colonized with MAC, patients with Mycobacterium kansasii disease or tuberculosis, and healthy subjects. The sensitivities and specificities of the GPL core-based EIA for diagnosis of MAC pulmonary disease were 72.6% and 92.2%, respectively, for IgG, 92.5% and 95.1%, respectively, for IgA, and 78.3% and 91.0%, respectively, for IgM. The best sensitivity and specificity were obtained by measuring immunoglobulin A antibodies against GPL core antigen. The level of GPL core antibodies reflected disease activity, since it decreased in cured MAC patients who had responded to chemotherapy. Measurement of serum antibodies against GPL core is useful for both diagnosis and assessment of disease activity in MAC disease of the lung. 相似文献
90.
BACKGROUND: Recent researches on theory of mind (ToM) in patients with mood disorders have revealed deficits of ToM ability during episodes. In this study, we aimed to test ToM ability among patients with unipolar or bipolar depression currently in remission. METHODS: ToM ability and IQ obtained by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) were evaluated in 50 patients with remitted depression, who met the criteria of mood disorders of DSM-IV, and 50 matched healthy controls. RESULTS: The patients with mood disorders showed statistically significant impairment in a second-order false question (Fisher's Exact Test p < 0.0001). No significant difference was shown in the other three areas of ToM between the patients and the controls. In addition, no correlation of the four areas of ToM with IQ obtained by WAIS-R was found. LIMITATIONS: The relation of ToM deficit to other specific cognitive impairment was not examined. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that depressive patients in symptomatic remission have a lower ability of second-order false belief. The ToM impairment suggests a decline of skillful social relationships. Evaluation of ToM ability in depressive patients in remission may be useful to provide treatment for better social adjustment. 相似文献