Maximizing the Therapeutic Efficacy of Imatinib Mesylate–Loaded Niosomes on Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Using Box-Behnken Design

This research purposed to formulate an optimized imatinib mesylate (IM)–loaded niosomes to improve its chemotherapeutic efficacy. The influence of 3 formulation factors on niosomal vesicular size (Y₁), zeta potential (Y₂), entrapment capacity percentage (Y₃), the percentage of initial drug release after 2 h (Y₄), and the percentage of cumulative drug release after 24 h (Y₅) were studied and optimized using Box-Behnken design. Optimum desirability was specified and the optimized formula was prepared, stability tested, morphologically examined, checked for vesicular bilayer formation and evaluated for its in vitro cytotoxicity on 3 different cancer cell lines namely MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG-2 in addition to 1 normal cell line to ensure its selectivity against cancer cells. The actual responses of the optimized IM formulation were 425.36 nm, ?62.4 mV, 82.96%, 18.93%, and 89.45% for Y₁, Y₂, Y₃, Y₄, and Y₅, respectively. The optimized IM-loaded niosomes confirmed the spherical vesicular shape imaged by both light and electron microscopes and further proven by differential scanning calorimetry. Moreover, the optimized formula exhibited improved stability on storage at 4 ± 2°C and superior efficacy on MCF7, HCT-116, and HepG2 as IC₅₀ values were 6.7, 16.4, and 7.3 folds less than those of free drug, respectively. Interestingly, IC₅₀ of the optimized formula against normal cell line was ranged from 3 to 11 folds higher than in different cancer cells indicating a higher selectivity of the optimized formula to cancer cells. In conclusion, the incorporation of IM in niosomes enhanced its efficacy and selectivity toward cancer cells, presenting a promising tool to fight cancer using this approach.     

玻璃体切除术治疗外伤性眼内炎62例

0　引言　外伤性眼内炎是眼外伤的常见并发症 ,对视力及眼球威协极大 .由于病原体随致伤物直接进入眼内 ,在眼内和玻璃体繁殖 ,产生剧烈炎症反应 ,对眼内组织造成严重破坏 .如不及时而有效的控制 ,终使视力丧失 ,眼球萎缩 .近年随着现代玻璃体手术的发展 ,外伤性眼内炎的治愈率明显提高 .现将我科收治的 6 2例报告如下 .1　对象和方法1 .1　对象 1 996 - 0 6 / 1 998- 0 6我院连续收治 6 2例外伤性眼内炎 ,其中男 5 0例 ,女 1 2例 ,年龄 2～ 45岁 ,平均 1 6 .5岁 .1 4岁以下儿童 38例 ,占 6 1 .3% .以致伤原因分类 :角膜穿通伤30例 ,巩膜穿…     

二乙酰基莲心碱对猪冠状动脉条的影响

目的:观察二乙酰基莲心碱拮抗氯化钾、乙酰胆碱(Ach)和组胺(His)所致猪冠状动脉条收缩的作用.方法:离体平滑肌实验方法,观察二乙酰基莲心碱对氯化钾,Ach,His所致猪冠状动脉条收缩曲线的影响以及在无钙克氏液中,对His引起猪冠状动脉条第一相收缩和钙引起第二相收缩的影响.结果:不同剂量二乙酰基莲心碱可使氯化钾,Ach,His所致冠脉条收缩量效曲线呈非竞争性拮抗作用,对冠脉条第一相和第二相收缩都有明显的抑制作用结论:二乙酰基莲心碱具有扩张冠脉的作用,此作用与拮抗细胞内钙的释放和抑制外钙内流有关.     

WOMEN'S HEALTH CUSTOM MADE: BUILDING ON THE 40 DAYS POSTPARTUM FOR ARAB WOMEN

The 40-day postpartum period is characterised in the Middle East and elsewhere by an observance of seclusion, congratulatory visiting, the reciprocal exchange of gifts and money, and a special diet. Based on primary data from in-depth interviews among the Negev Bedouin in Israel, health enhancing practices are reviewed. The data are a subset from a larger study carried out in this setting. Often postnatal checkups, family planning counselling, and immunization services may not be routinely available or used. It is argued that these health services could be provided at the end of the 40-day period for mother and child, as in a pilot study in Tunisia some years ago. Health service provision would thus build on the health enhancing practices of the 40-day period.     

Thoracic wall involvement by Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: CT evaluation

Thoracic computed tomographic (CT) scans of 250 patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent lymphoma revealed thoracic wall involvement in 24 patients (11 with Hodgkin disease, 13 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma). Thoracic wall involvement occurred without contiguous mediastinal or parenchymal involvement in 17 patients. Of these, 13 patients had masses beneath the pectoralis muscles or within the breast, and four had masses arising from the ribs. Five additional patients had mediastinal masses with thymic involvement and parasternal extension through the thoracic wall. Pulmonary parenchymal lymphoma with thoracic wall invasion was noted in the remaining two patients. In five of nine patients receiving radiation therapy, treatment plans were modified by CT demonstration of thoracic wall lymphoma.     

Detection and differentiation of staphylococcal contamination of clinical surfaces using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis

The detection and identification of staphylococci from the environment of at-risk patients can be an important step in determining the role of the environment in hospital-acquired infections. Current methods that are used to identify these pathogens are either limited in their capabilities, expensive and/or labour intensive. We developed a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis protocol for the detection and identification of staphylococci that takes advantage of species-specific polymorphisms in the gene that encodes elongation factor Tu (tuf). The protocol was optimised by performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-DGGE analysis on DNA isolated from pure cultures of 27 different staphylococcal species. This resulted in the separation of the PCR products into 19 different band positions, including unique positions for important species such as Staphylococcus aureus, S. hominis, S. lugdunensis, S. warneri, S. capitis, S. caprae and S. saprophyticus. Application of the method was demonstrated by swabbing 15 clinical surfaces in an isolation room occupied by a patient before and after routine cleaning. PCR-DGGE analysis of tuf showed that despite cleaning efforts, the surfaces remained contaminated with several species of staphylococci, including S. aureus, S.?epidermidis, S. lugdunensis, S. hominis, S. haemolyticus and S. simulans. We conclude that DGGE of tuf represents a promising technique for the detection, characterisation and monitoring of mixed assemblages of staphylococci in the healthcare environment.