大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤时脑组织损伤机制的探讨

缺血再灌注损伤是一种全身性反应，某个器官的缺血再灌注损伤可引起其他器官不同程度的损害，即远隔器官的次级损伤。研究表明，肝缺血再灌注（I／R）损伤不仅导致肝功能衰竭，也可引起心、肺、肾等脏器的损伤，且损伤主要发生在再灌注阶段。脑组织是最易受影响的器官之一，肝I／R可引起脑组织损伤。本实验旨在观察肝I／R损伤时c-fos基因、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）在脑组织中表达和髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、丙二醛（MDA）水平变化及相互关系，并以琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）、三磷酸腺苷（ATP）酶、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、乳酸（LD）等指标的变化，探讨肝I／R损伤时脑组织能量代谢的变化及其可能的机制。     

马鞍山市小黄洲村移民建镇后血吸虫病疫情变化分析

1998年洪涝灾害后，根据国务院“退田还湖、移民建镇”的精神，马鞍山市政府决定对血吸虫病重流行区小黄洲村实施整体搬迁安置。为准确掌握小黄洲村移民建镇后对血吸虫病流行的影响，2002～2004年对小黄洲村开展了血吸虫病流行病学现场调查。     

药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架治疗弥漫病变的比较研究

目的比较冠心病患者弥漫病变采用药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架治疗的近期和远期预后,分析影响这类病变介入治疗预后的危险因素。方法研究对象为我院2004年4月至2005年8月接受置入单个长度>25.0mm支架治疗并且进行冠状动脉造影随访的205例患者,排除支架置入失败及支架置入位置不理想者。分为置入药物洗脱支架(DES)组(n=128)和置入金属裸支架(BMS)组(n=77)。所有的患者术后均接受阿司匹林300mg、氯吡格雷75mg等规范药物治疗。手术成功判定标准为至少用相互垂直的两个投照体位行冠状动脉造影,肉眼判定残余狭窄<20%和前向血流TIMI3级。再狭窄判定标准以复查冠状动脉造影定量分析支架内或支架邻近血管管腔直径狭窄程度≥50%。患者在支架术后6个月左右接受冠状动脉造影随访。结果共205例患者(男性181例,女性24例)227个靶病变置入382枚支架完成造影随访。其中C型病变占总数的93.8%,B2型病变为6.2%。双支或双支以上血管病变的患者比例达到86.8%。平均术前参考血管直径(2.88±0.43)mm。平均每个病变支架长度(40.09±12.94)mm,54.2%的病变接受了重叠置入支架。比较置入DES组和置入BMS组,两组的患者基本条件差异无统计学意义,在病变基本条件方面,DES组术前参考血管直径明显小于BMS组[(2.80±0.37)mm比(3.10±0.48)mm,P=0.005]。6个月随访结果显示再狭窄率DES组(15.4%)小于BMS组(48.4%),P<0.001。晚期支架内腔径丢失BMS组明显大于DES组[(0.94±0.76)mm比(0.39±0.53)mm,P<0.001]。靶病变血管重建率DES要明显好于BMS(11.6%比38.5%,P<0.001)。支架内再狭窄在置入DES组的局限性再狭窄比例大于置入BMS组(33.3%比18.2%,P=0.029)。对影响复杂弥漫病变支架再狭窄因素的多元logistic回归分析发现,采用支架重叠置入(OR=2.82,P=0.017)和支架类型(OR=5.71,P<0.001)是对复杂弥漫病变支架内再狭窄影响最大的危险因素。结论我们的研究发现对于复杂弥漫病变的治疗,药物洗脱支架有着良好的治疗效果,较金属裸支架能明显减低再狭窄率。对于弥漫病变,我们应该使用长支架,尽可能减少支架重叠置入的数量。     

建立十二色荧光原位杂交技术鉴定食管癌KYSE450细胞系的核型

目的:应用12色荧光原位杂交技术(multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization,M-FISH)鉴定食管癌细胞系KYSE450的染色体畸变．方法:采用DOP-PCR(degenerate oligonucleotide primer-polymerase chain reaction)法混合标记两组多色painting探针,先后两次杂交到相同的KYSE450染色体片,结合反相DAPI显带技术进行核型分析．结果:成功地建立了一种重复的12色荧光原位杂交技术,并鉴定出KYSE450中存在的畸变染色体．该细胞系共有54条染色体,只有13, 21和X号染色体是正常的,其余21条染色体均表现异常．1,2,3,5,6,8,9,14,15,16和17号染色体部分区带增益,4和18号染色体部分区带缺失．7,11,12和19号染色体同时存在区带增益和其它部分区带缺失．1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 11,12,14,15,16,17,18和19号染色体显示有易位．22号染色体丢失1条,未检测到10,20,Y 染色体成分．结论:12色荧光原位杂交可用于鉴定肿瘤中复杂的染色体异常．KYSE450存在较多与原发性食管鳞癌一致的染色体改变．     

Hyperglycaemia after glucose loading is a major predictor of preclinical atherosclerosis in nondiabetic subjects

OBJECTIVE: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has proved to be an independent marker of preclinical atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether carotid IMT is associated with the plasma glucose concentration in the fasting state, after loading with oral glucose, or with the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in nondiabetic subjects with different levels of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PATIENTS: A total of 160 nondiabetic subjects (147 from our obesity-overweight clinic and 13 healthy normal subjects) were included in the present study, among them 33 had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 13 had impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 80 had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 34 had both IFG and IGT. MEASUREMENTS: Carotid IMT was assessed in the common carotid artery by a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound system. Plasma glucose was measured after fasting and at 30 min, 1, 2 and 3 h after a standard 75-g load of glucose. The ISI was calculated from the frequent sampling intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT). Results The IMT values in the NGT group were lower than those in the IFG, IGT and IFG + IGT groups (P < 0.03). No statistical difference in IMT values was found among the latter three groups. Univariate correlation analyses showed that the IMT was positively associated with age, plasma glucose concentrations 1 and 2 h after glucose loading, and serum concentration of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (r=0.39, 0.22, 0.25 and 0.18, respectively, P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that only age, plasma glucose concentration 2 h after glucose loading, and LDL cholesterol appeared to be significant correlates of the IMT (P<0.0001), whereas the ISI was not. CONCLUSIONS: In nondiabetic subjects with various degrees of glucose intolerance, there was a significant increase in IMT in those with IFG and IGT. Significant determinants of IMT, an indicator of preclinical atherosclerosis, include hyperglycaemia 2 h after a glucose load, age and LDL cholesterol, whereas fasting glucose concentration and the ISI were not significantly associated with IMT.     

肺心病患者BE改变94例分析

碱剩余(BE)是临床血气分析中判断酸碱失衡的一个重要指标.一般认为BE负值增加为代谢性酸中毒.BE正值加大为代谢性碱中毒.不受呼吸因素影响.本文对94例肺心病患者的呼吸性酸中毒(呼酸)、代谢性碱中毒(代碱)、呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性碱中毒(呼酸 代碱)共130例次血气检测中的BE值改变进行分析,就BE值改变的临床价值进行了初步探讨.1 资料和方法1.1 一般资料 94例均为住院病人.男70例,女24例.年龄31～87岁.平均64.75岁.1.2 方法 用国产康龄170型血气分析仪测定动脉血气,同步检测血清电解质,共130例次.将其结果按呼酸.呼酸 代碱、代碱分为相应的三个组,并对其BE值的改变进行对比分析.     

脊椎转移瘤CT诊断：附45例分析

本文４５例脊椎铰累病理证实，ＣＴ扫描表现溶骨性（３２例），成骨性（４例）和混合性（例）。原发灶以肺癌最多见，其次咽癌和胃癌。本组３０例作脊柱正侧位Ｘ线检查，平片发现或可颖骨破坏１９例，而ＣＴ扫描为１００％，ＣＴ扫描发现和估价病变方面较Ｘ线平片检查优越敏感。对脊椎转移瘤的ＣＴ诊断，鉴别诊断的价值进行讨论。     

Effectiveness of an anterior mini-screw in achieving incisor intrusion and palatal root torque for anterior retraction with clear aligners:: A finite element study

ObjectivesTo analyze the biomechanical system of anterior retraction with clear aligner therapy (CAT) with and without an anterior mini-screw and elastics.Materials and MethodsModels including a maxillary dentition (without first premolars), maxilla, periodontal ligaments (PDLs), attachments, and aligners were constructed and imported to finite element software. Three model groups were created: (1) control (CAT alone), (2) labial elastics (CAT with elastics between the anterior mini-screw and buttons on central incisors), and (3) linguoincisal elastics (CAT with elastics between the anterior mini-screw and precision cuts on the lingual sides of the aligner). Elastic forces (0–300 g, in 50 g increments) were applied.ResultsCAT alone caused lingual tipping and extrusion of the incisors. Labial elastics caused palatal root torquing and intrusion and mesial tipping of the central incisors, while linguoincisal elastics produced palatal root torquing and intrusion of both central and lateral incisors. Second premolars were intruded in all three groups, with less intrusion in the linguoincisal elastics group. For the control group, stress was concentrated on both labial and lingual root surfaces, alveolar ridge, and cervical and apical PDLs. Stress was more concentrated in the labial elastics group and less concentrated in the linguoincisal elastics group.ConclusionsCAT produced lingual tipping and extrusion of incisors during anterior retraction. Anterior mini-screws and elastics can achieve incisor intrusion and palatal root torquing. Linguoincisal elastics are superior to labial elastics with a lower likelihood of buccal open bite. Root resorption and alveolar defects may occur in CAT, more likely for labial elastics and less likely for linguoincisal elastics.     

The Kv channel blocker 4-aminopyridine enhances Ag+ uptake: a scanning electrochemical microscopy study of single living cells

We report that silver ion (Ag⁺) uptake is enhanced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a well known voltage-sensitive potassium ion channel (K_v) blocker. Both bacterial (Escherichia coli) and mammalian (3T3 fibroblast) cells were used as model systems. Ag⁺ uptake was monitored with a scanning electrochemical microscope with an amperometric Ag⁺ ion-selective electrode (Ag⁺-ISE) and the respiration rates of E. coli cells were measured by oxygen reduction at an ultramicroelectrode. The results showed that not only the amount but also the rate of silver uptake by the cells increased significantly when 4-AP was added to the solution. For fibroblasts, the Ag⁺ uptake rate was 4.8 × 10⁷ ions per cell per sec without 4-AP compared with 1.0 × 10⁸ ions per cell per sec with 0.2 mM 4-AP. For E. coli cells, the uptake rate was 1.5 × 10⁴ ions per cell per sec without 4-AP vs. 3.5 × 10⁴ ions per cell per sec with 0.5 mM 4-AP and 5.9 × 10⁴ ions per cell per sec with 1 mM 4-AP. Thus, 4-AP might be useful where silver is used as antimicrobial agent to speed its uptake.