降脂脉安冲剂并大黄敷脐治疗脂肪肝100例临床观察

目的　观察降脂脉安冲剂并大黄敷脐治疗脂肪肝的临床疗效。方法　 2 0 0例脂肪肝患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各 10 0例。治疗组口服降脂脉安冲剂 ,每次 15g ,每日 3次 ,并大黄敷脐 ;对照组口服多烯康胶丸。 2组均 2个月为 1个疗程。结果　降脂脉安冲剂并大黄敷脐能显著降低高脂血症性脂肪肝患者的血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、丙氨酸氨基转移酶及升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 ,与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P <0 .0 5 ) ;并且治疗组临床总有效率 (92 % )明显高于对照组 (80 % ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　降脂脉安冲剂并大黄敷脐治疗脂肪肝有较好的疗效 ,且使用安全 ,方法简便     

深低温期间高氧血气管理对停循环兔脑组织的保护作用

目的通过研究深低温期间高氧血气管理对深低温停循环(DHCA)兔血气、生化指标、脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脑组织含水量的影响,探讨高氧管理的脑保护作用。方法建立兔DHCA+选择性脑灌注(ASCP)动物模型,将24只11～13周龄雄性新西兰兔(体重2.7～3.4 kg)用随机数字表法分为3组:假手术组(Sham组),ASCP组(S组),ASCP+高氧管理组(SH组),每组8只。术中检测动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)、颈静脉球血氧分压(PjvO2)、颈静脉球血氧饱和度(SjvO2)和血乳酸(Lac)含量,术后检测脑组织SOD活性、MDA含量和脑组织含水量。结果停循环前、复灌前和复灌5 min SH组PaO2、PjvO2和SjvO2均高于S组和Sham组(P0.05)。SH组脑组织SOD活性与S组[(213.53±33.52)U/mg.prot vs.(193.02±27.67)U/mg.prot]和Sham组[(213.53±33.52)U/mg.prot vs.(244.38±35.02)U/mg.prot]比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但S组SOD活性低于Sham组(P0.05)。SH组脑组织MDA含量低于S组[(1.42±0.30)nmol/mg.prot vs.(2.37±0.55)nmol/mg.prot,P0.05]。结论深低温期间的高氧血气管理在DHCA+ASCP中能提供更好的氧供,有效地提高兔PjvO2和SjvO2,维持脑组织SOD活性,降低MDA含量,具有脑保护作用。     

Estrogen upregulates the IGF-1 signaling pathway in lung cancer through estrogen receptor-β

The estrogen receptor (ER) signaling and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling are implicated in lung cancer progression. Here, we sought to investigate whether estrogen regulated the IGF-1R signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the underlying mechanisms. We examined and analyzed the correlation of the expression of aromatase (Arom), ERβ, ERα, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and IGF-1R in NSCLC. Tissue-microarray and immunohistochemistry analysis of tissue specimens from 162 NSCLC patients and 38 patients with benign pulmonary lesions showed that Arom, ERβ, IGF-1, and IGF-1R were overexpressed while ERα was not expressed in NSCLC. Furthermore, ERβ expression was positively correlated with that of Arom, IGF-1, and IGF-1R (r = 0.554, 0.649, 0.496, respectively, P values are equal to 0.000), while Arom expression was positively associated with that of IGF-1 and IGF-1R (r = 0.657, 0.714, respectively, P values are equal to 0.000). Additionally, ERβ, IGF-1, and phospho-IGF-1R, but not ERα, were expressed in A549 cells. Immunoblotting assays showed that A549 cells treated with E2 showed significantly higher IGF-1 and p-IGF-1R levels than those receiving the combination treatment of 17β-estradiol (E2) and fulvestrant (Ful, ER antagonist) (P = 0.042, 0.002, respectively) or controls (P values are equal to 0.000). The MTT assays further revealed that E2 and IGF-1 synergistically promoted A549 cell proliferation. Together, our study provides the first direct evidence for an interaction between ER and IGF-1R in lung cancer. We showed that estrogen upregulated the IGF-1R signaling through ERβ in lung cancer tissues and A549 cells. These findings shed further light on the mechanisms whereby estrogen promotes lung cancer and highlight the ER and IGF-1R signaling pathways as promising targets for combinational therapy for lung cancer.     

安徽省43771例围产儿出生缺陷流行病学监测

本文报道安徽省1986年10月1日～1987年9月30日期间我省29所医院围产儿出生缺陷监测结果。43771名围产儿中,出生缺陷467例,发生率10.67‰;围产儿死亡1600例,死亡率36.55‰。两组性别间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。81种畸形前五位依次为脑积水、无脑儿、唇腭裂、多指(趾)与足内(外)翻。农村出生缺陷发生率(16.35‰)高于城市(7.37‰),两者有显著性差异(P<0.01)。皖北地区神经管畸形居首位;皖南、皖中则以肢体畸形多见。木文初步探讨了出生缺陷与父母血缘、母亲文化程度低、年龄<20或>35岁、多孕次、产次、双胎等因素的关系。     

腺病毒介导的VEGF-B基因促血管内皮细胞增殖作用的研究

为观察腺癌毒素介导的血管内皮细胞生长因子B（VEGF－B）基因体外转染对血管内皮细胞的促增殖作用，构建编码人VEGF－B基因的复制缺陷的重组腺病毒载体，体外转染鼠主动脉血管内皮细胞（RAECs），应用RT－PCR和Western blot检测外源VEGF－B的表达，应用四唑盐（MTT）观察转染后RAECs的增殖。结果发现，RAECs可有效地被重组腺病毒载体感染，并能成功转录和表达VEGF－B基因和蛋白，在转染后细胞培养上清中检测到VEGF－B蛋白的表达，对RAECs有显著促增殖作用。提示重组腺病毒载体介导的人VEGF－B基因有血管新生作用，可用于缺血性心脏病的治疗。     

Hepatitis B virus infection is associated with younger median age at diagnosis and death in cancers

Several non‐hepatocellular cancers were linked with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study was aimed to quantify the potential associations between HBV infection and multiple non‐hepatocellular cancers. Continuous cases, including 5,715 non‐cancer and 40,963 cancer cases diagnosed from 2008 to 2014 in Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center were analyzed. HBV DNA and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) were examed in gastric cancer tissues by polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining. After adjusting for age, sex, year of diagnosis, smoking, drinking and family history of cancer, significant associations were found between serum HBsAg and frequently reported HBV‐related non‐hepatocellular cancers, including non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.89 (1.65–2.16)], as well as total other non‐hepatocellular cancers [AOR and 95% CI: 1.12 (1.03–1.22)]. The median ages at diagnosis, all‐cause death and cancer‐specific death of serum HBsAg positive cancer patients were all significantly younger than those with serum HBsAg negative. HBV DNA was detected in 12.4% (34/275) gastric cancer tissues and HBcAg was most commonly detected in lymphocytes. This was the first report that HBV infection had a modest but significant nonspecific association with total non‐hepatocellular cancers. Median age at diagnosis and death was significantly younger in serum HBsAg positive cancer patients. The underlying mechanism needs further investigation.     

Endovascular occlusion of direct carotid cavernous fistula with detachable balloons: usefulness of 3D angiography

The objective of this study is to show rotational 3D angiography findings and their usefulness in the occlusion of carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) using detachable balloons. Five patients with direct CCF were retrospectively reviewed for details of interventional procedures and 2D and 3D angiography findings. Pretherapeutic 2D and 3D angiograms (n=2) were compared to evaluate the size of the fistula and the relative size of the cavernous sinus with respect to the fistula. Postinflation-predetachment (n=3) and postdetachment (n=4) 2D and 3D angiograms were compared in each stage to evaluate the relative location of the balloon to the internal carotid artery (ICA), presence of a pseudoaneurysm, and relative size of the balloon to the fistula. Pretherapeutic 2D and 3D angiograms were equally effective in showing the fistula and relative size of the cavernous sinus. But, 3D angiography with cut images at arbitrary viewing angles clearly visualized the 3D relations between the ICA, fistula, and cavernous sinus. Both postinflation-predetachment 2D and 3D images in two patients equally showed a contrast-filled pseudoaneurysm outside the ICA and intraluminal location of the balloon. However, only the 3D images showed no difference in size of the balloon compared with the fistula, which was relevant to traction-induced instability in the remaining one patient. Both postdetachment 2D and 3D angiograms were equal in terms of showing ICA compromise (60%) in one patient and an extraluminal balloon location with complete fistular occlusion in two patients. In the remainder, a small pseudoaneurysm was identified only on 3D images. Three-dimensional angiography is a useful imaging tool for capturing the complex perifistular anatomy in the pretherapeutic stage, and for providing detailed information about the degree of balloon inflation and its location, the presence of a pseudoaneurysm, and the expected traction-induced instability in the predetachment stage. Postinflation-predetachment 3D angiography may therefore offer a chance to correct an erroneous manipulation that would otherwise lead to an incomplete procedural outcome and disastrous balloon migration.     

Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in two green microalgae exposed to copper

The aim of this work was to assess the effects of 1 week copper exposure (6.2, 108, 210 and 414 μM) on Scenedesmus vacuolatus and Chlorella kessleri. The strains showed different susceptibility to copper. Copper content was determined in both strains by total X-ray reflection fluorescence analysis (TXRF). In S. vacuolatus, the increase of medium copper concentration induced an augmentation of protein and MDA content, and a significant decrease in the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio. S. vacuolatus showed a significant increase of catalase activity in 210 and 414 μM of copper, and a significant increment of SOD activity and GSH content only in 414 μM of copper. On the contrary, C. kessleri did not show significant differences in these parameters between 6.2 and 108 μM of copper. Increased copper in the environment evokes oxidative stress and an increase in the antioxidant defenses of S. vacuolatus.     

The Biological Effect of Hepsin on the Proliferation and Invasion of PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown that hepsin, a type of transmembrane serine protease, is highly upregulated in prostate cancer, but, little is known about its role in progression and invasion of this cancer. We constructed a hepsin-expressing plasmid and transfected it into PC-3 cells to investigate the effect of the hepsin gene on the biological behavior of the PC-3 cells. METHODS Plasmid pHepsin-IRES2 was transfected into prostate cancer PC-3 cells using Fugene6, and the cells with stable hepsin expression were screened and selected with Zeocin (600 mg/L). The hepsin mRNA level was measured by real-time PCR and the growth curve of the PC-3-transfected cells assessed using MTT and BrdU assays. A Boyden chamber was used to examine the difference in invasion and metastases between transfected and non-transfected cells. RESULTS The hepsin mRNA level in pHepsin-IRES2 transfected -PC-3 cells was significantly higher than that found in the control PC -3 cells. While the growth curve of the hepsin gene transfected PC -3 cells showed that there was no significant effect on proliferation, the invasive ability of the pHepsin-IRES2 transfected PC-3 cells, as compared with control cells, was significantly increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The results suggest that even though hepsin has no effect on the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells, it does promote cellular invasion and metastasis.Therefore hepsin may have a role in the development of prostate cancer.