除痹汤治疗强直性脊柱炎的临床观察

目的:观察除痹汤治疗强直性脊柱炎的临床效果.方法:将72例患者随机分为治疗组36例,服用除痹汤;对照组36例,服用双氯灭痛,对治疗前后的症状、体征、相关的实验室检查进行比较.结果:治疗组在改善临床症状、体征及阻止骨质破坏方面治疗组明显优于对照组,并可明显改善血清ESR、CRP、LgA等实验室指标.结论:除痹汤在治疗强直性脊柱炎上有良好的临床效果,并且减少或缓解强直性脊柱炎骨质的损害.     

Bandgap adjustment assisted preparation of >18% CsyFA1−yPbIxBr3−x-based perovskite solar cells using a hybrid spraying process

The preparation of Cs_yFA_1−yPbI_xBr_3−x-based perovskite by ultrasonic spraying has valuable application in the preparation of tandem solar cells on textured substrates due to its excellent stability and the advantages of large-area uniform preparation from the spraying technology. However, the bandgap of perovskite prepared by spraying method is difficult to adjust, and perovskites with a wide bandgap have the issue of phase instability. Here, we improved the crystallinity of the perovskite by simply controlling the post-annealing temperature. The results show that perovskite film prepared by hybrid spray method has the best crystallinity and device performance at a post-annealing temperature of 170 °C. On this basis, the bandgap of perovskite was changed from 1.53 eV to 1.76 eV by controlling the ratio of the organic halogen precursor solution. When the bandgap is 1.57 eV, a perovskite solar cell with an efficiency of 18.31% is obtained.

High-efficiency perovskite solar cells with good grain morphology and adjustable band gap were prepared by ultrasonic spray.     

Proton solvent-controllable synthesis of manganese oxalate anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Manganese oxalates with different structures and morphologies were prepared by the precipitation method in a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and proton solvents. The proton solvents play a key role in determining the structures and morphologies of manganese oxalate. Monoclinic MnC₂O₄·2H₂O microrods are prepared in H₂O-DMSO, while MnC₂O₄·H₂O nanorods and nanosheets with low crystallinity are synthesized in ethylene glycol-DMSO and ethanol-DMSO, respectively. The corresponding dehydrated products are mesoporous MnC₂O₄ microrods, nanorods, and nanosheets, respectively. When used as anode material for Li-ion batteries, mesoporous MnC₂O₄ microrods, nanorods, and nanosheets deliver a capacity of 800, 838, and 548 mA h g⁻¹ after 120 cycles at 8C, respectively. Even when charged/discharged at 20C, mesoporous MnC₂O₄ nanorods still provide a reversible capacity of 647 mA h g⁻¹ after 600 cycles, exhibiting better rater performance and cycling stability. The electrochemical performance is greatly influenced by the synergistic effect of surface area, morphology, and size. Therefore, the mesoporous MnC₂O₄ nanorods are a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries due to their good cycle stability and rate performance.

Manganese oxalates with different structures and morphologies were prepared by the precipitation method in a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and proton solvents.     

Facile fabrication of ion-imprinted Fe3O4/carboxymethyl cellulose magnetic biosorbent: removal and recovery properties for trivalent La ions

An Fe₃O₄/carboxymethyl cellulose (Fe₃O₄/CMC) magnetic biosorbent was prepared using the ion-imprinting technology, where La(iii) was used as the template ion. The morphology and structure of Fe₃O₄/CMC were characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD. It is found that nano Fe₃O₄ with inverse spinel structure can distribute in CMC and endow the composite with good magnetic properties. The adsorption performance such as adsorption capacity, influence of pH and initial concentration were fully explored. The prepared Fe₃O₄/CMC is revealed to have good adsorption properties with Q_max of 61.5 mg g⁻¹, in line with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. When handling the multi-ion coexistence solution of Cu(ii), Ni(ii) and Cd(ii), Fe₃O₄/CMC shows high selective adsorption for La(iii). Meanwhile, cycling experiments find that the adsorption capacity is only slightly reduced (less than 5%) after 5-time reuse. Good adsorption properties, high selectivity and easy recovery give the newly-synthesized Fe₃O₄/CMC biosorbent broad application potential in the treatment of La(iii)-containing wastewater.

An Fe₃O₄/carboxymethyl cellulose magnetic biosorbent was prepared by ion-imprinting technology, showing good adsorption and selectivity properties for La(iii) with a high recovery efficiency.     

Research on the mechanism of particle deposit effects and process optimization of nanosecond pulsed laser truing and dressing of materials

New plasma expansion models and change rate models of plasma excitation were established under cylindrical coordinates. Expansion models were used to numerically analyse the plasma expansion characteristics of the nanosecond pulsed laser truing and dressing of a bronze–diamond grinding wheel (LTDBDGW). The results showed that the plasma expansions in the X- and R-directions were approximately 8 × 10⁻⁴ m and 2.5 × 10⁻⁴ m, respectively. The plasma electron density calculated by the results was 1.0757 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻³. The calculation of the change rate models of the plasma excitation shows that the plasma excitation mechanism of LTDBDGW was controlled mainly by the thermal excitation effect. In response to high-temperature and high-speed collisions, black particles deposit onto the surface of the bronze–diamond grinding wheel, affecting the topography of the surface and reducing the height of the abrasive grains protruding from the binding agent. Plasma experiments were carried out via LTDBDGW. When the laser was vertically incident, and the laser power density was 3.359 × 10⁸ W cm⁻², the Boltzmann plot method and the Stark broadening method were used to get the plasma electron temperature and the plasma electron density, which were approximately 9700 K and 1.6128 × 10¹⁶ to 2.0636 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻², respectively. LTDBDGW experiments were conducted with and without assisted blowing. Surface quality improvement of the grinding wheel was confirmed with auxiliary blowing.

Plasma experiments for LTDBDGW were carried out with LTDBDGW. A high-speed camera captured the evolution of plasma expansion.     

Femtosecond-scale all-optical switching in oxyfluorogallate glass induced by nonlinear multiphoton absorption

Herein, all-optical switching based on a new type of oxyfluorogallate glass with high switching efficiency and ultrafast response time was reported in the near-infrared wavelength range, which is of great importance for applications in optical telecommunication. The structural and optical properties, as well as the nonlinear optical effects, of the oxyfluorogallate glass were investigated, demonstrating a good figure of merit applicable to nonlinear optical devices. Using pump–probe experiments, we found that the switching time in the oxyfluorogallate glass due to nonlinear multiphoton absorption was approximately 350 fs, which was limited by the pulse duration of the near-infrared probe pulse. Additionally, the largest on–off amplitude of this optical switching device could reach ∼12%, which is in sharp contrast to that of quartz glass. Thus, this study provides a suitable material for the manufacture of integrated photonic devices, which are crucial for promoting the application of glass on-chip photonics.

Ultrafast all-optical switching based on oxyfluorogallate glass induced by nonlinear multiphoton absorption is reported and the ultrafast response time ∼350 fs is achieved by the femtosecond laser pump and probe technology.     

Novel mesoporous Ag@SiO2 nanospheres as a heterogeneous catalyst with superior catalytic performance for hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds

Mesoporous core–shell structure Ag@SiO₂ nanospheres are constructed to prevent Ag nanoparticles from aggregation during the hydrogenation reaction. The prepared catalyst shows superior catalytic performance for hydrogenation of nitro compounds with 100% conversion and selectivity without any by-products, which also indicates good recycling performance for several times use.

Mesoporous core–shell structure Ag@SiO₂ nanospheres are constructed to prevent Ag nanoparticles from aggregation during the hydrogenation reaction.     

Stick,stretch, and scan imaging method for DNA and filaments

Biomolecules and organelles usually undergo changes to their structure or form as a result of mechanical stretching or stimulation. It is critical to be able to observe these changes and responses, which trigger mechano-chemical coupling or signal transduction. Advanced techniques have been developed to observe structure and form during manipulation; however, these require sophisticated methods. We have developed a simple approach to observe fine structure after stretching without fluorophore labeling. DNAs or molecules on the cell surface were bound to magnetic microbeads, followed by stretching with a magnetic field. After fixing, staining, and drying, the samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy with no need to build a functional surface with complex processes. Straight DNAs were observed rather than random-walk-like loose polymers. In our cellular experiment, the magnetic beads were bound to a Jurkat cell and formed a rosette which was later stuck to the substrate. A 41.3 μm filament on the base of a filopodium was pulled out via integrin from a cell. Therefore, our method can reveal long structures up to hundreds of micrometers at nanometer resolution after stretching or twisting. Our approach could have wide applications in structure–function studies of biomolecules, and in mechanobiology and cell biology when diffraction cannot used.

Magnetic force was applied to stretch single DNAs and cells which were stuck to magnetic beads and substrates via simple conjugation methods. Scanning electron microscopy images show that the filopodia of cells were pulled to extraordinary length.     

The binary aluminum scandium clusters AlxScy with x + y = 13: when is the icosahedron retained?

Geometrical and electronic structures of the 13-atom clusters Al_xSc_y with x + y = 13, as well as their thermodynamic stabilities were investigated using DFT calculations. Both anionic and neutral isomers of Al_xSc_y were found to retain an icosahedral shape of both Al₁₃ and Sc₁₃ systems in which an Al atom occupies the endohedral central position of the icosahedral cage, irrespective of the number of Al atoms present. Such a phenomenon occurs to maximize the number of stronger Al–Al and Sc–Al bonds instead of the weaker Sc–Sc bonds. NBO analyses were applied to examine their electron configurations and rationalize the large number of open shells and thereby high multiplicities of the mixed clusters having more than three Sc atoms. The SOMOs are the molecular orbitals belonged to the irreducible representations of the symmetry point group of the clusters studied, rather than to the cluster electron shells. Evaluation of the average binding energies showed that the thermodynamic stability of Al_xSc_y clusters is insignificantly altered as the number y goes from 0 to 7 and then steadily decreases when y attains the 7–13 range. Increase of the Sc atom number also reduces the electron affinities of the binary Al_xSc_y clusters, and thus they gradually lose the superhalogen characteristics with respect to the pure Al₁₃.

The icosahedral structure of the Al_xSc_y clusters with x + y = 13.