胶质细胞活化对慢性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征(CP/CPPS)大鼠脊髓背角P物质的影响

目的探讨胶质细胞活化对慢性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征（chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromes,CP/CPPS）大鼠脊髓背角P物质的影响。方法完全福氏佐剂和3%角叉菜胶前列腺内注射造成CP/CPPS模型,脊髓插管给药胶质细胞活化抑制剂Propentofylline干扰CP/CPPS模型大鼠,免疫组织化学方法观察正常组、疼痛模型组、药物干扰组脊髓节段（L6和S1）背角的胶质细胞的活化和P物质的定性定位,并用放射免疫的方法观察三组脊髓背角P物质的变化。结果脊髓背角胶质细胞活化阳性细胞数疼痛组明显增加,药物干扰组明显减少;P物质主要表达于脊髓背角且疼痛模型组明显增多,药物干扰组明显减少。结论胶质细胞活化是CP/CPPS大鼠脊髓背角P物质变化的重要原因,胶质细胞活化抑制剂的应用将是治疗CP/CPPS的新亮点。     

一种适合正颌外科的成人个体化头影测量颅颌关系的方法

目的本研究选择在判断矢状向和垂直向颅颌关系中最常用的5项X线头影测量项目并以此为基础,运用多元回归的方法探讨并建立我国成都地区成人个体化颅颌关系浮动正常值,并探讨其应用方法.方法搜集符合纳入标准的未接受过正畸治疗的成都地区18岁至45岁正常(牙合)97例,其中男性48例,女性49例.测量各样本上颌突度(SNA),下颌突度(SNB),上颌相对颅底倾角(NL-NSL),下颌相对颅底倾角(ML-NSL),颅底角(NSBa).对测量项目进行多元统计分析并建立成都地区成人个体化头影测量颅颌关系浮动正常值.结果(1)5个测量项目之间均存在显著相关关系,其中SNB与其余4个测量项目的相关强度最大;(2)以SNB为自变量建立成都地区成人个体化头影测量颅颌关系浮动正常值.结论本研究为成人正畸患者,特别是拟进行正颌外科治疗的成人患者提供了一种辅助性的头影测量诊断方法.     

急性脑梗死88例临床分析

[背景 ]比较分析 88例不同年龄组急性脑梗死患者的病因、症状、体征及头部CT所见 .[病例报告 ]将 88例急性脑梗死患者分为老年组和非老年组 ,对发病因素、症状、体征和头部CT特点进行对比分析 ,发病因素中有高血压者占 6 4 % ,心脏病者占 2 3% ,糖尿病者占 2 5 % ,有短暂性脑缺血发作病史者占 30 % ,高脂血症者占 4 5 % ,吸烟者占 5 2 % ,有家族史者占 33% .非老年组中初发者多见 ,有头痛、头晕及偏身感觉障碍等症状者比老年组多见 ,而偏瘫、四肢瘫、构音障碍及意识障碍者则老年组多见 .头部CT示单梗塞灶者在非老年组多见 ,多梗塞灶、脑白质脱髓鞘及脑萎缩者在老年组多见 .[讨论 ]脑梗死病人因年龄不同 ,其发病因素、临床表现及头部CT所见有所不同     

Curcumin Reduces Burn Progression in Rats

Objectives Cutaneous burns are dynamic injuries with a central zone of necrosis surrounded by a zone of ischemia. Conversion of this ischemic zone to full necrosis over the days following injury is due in part to highly reactive oxygen radicals. Curcumin is a component of the Oriental spice turmeric that has been shown to have antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. The authors hypothesized that treatment of burns with curcumin would reduce the conversion of the ischemic zone to full necrosis. Methods This was a randomized controlled experiment. Twenty Sprague‐Dawley rats were used. Two burns were created on each animal's dorsum using a brass comb with four rectangular prongs preheated in boiling water and applied for 30 seconds, resulting in four rectangular 10 × 20–mm full‐thickness burns separated by three 5 × 20–mm unburned interspaces (zone of ischemia). Animals were randomized to curcumin or vehicle by oral gavage 30 minutes before injury and at 24, 48, and 72 hours after injury. Wounds were observed at one, two, and three days after injury for visual evidence of necrosis in the unburned interspaces. Full‐thickness biopsy specimens from the interspaces were evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin staining seven days after injury for evidence of necrosis. The percentage of interspaces that progressed to necrosis was compared with chi‐square tests. Results Forty comb burns with 120 unburned interspaces were created, evenly distributed between curcumin and vehicle alone. The percentage of interspaces that progressed to full‐thickness necrosis at one, two, three, and seven days after injury in the curcumin and vehicle groups were 30% versus 63% (p = 0.003), 30% versus 70% (p < 0.001), 63% versus 95% (p = 0.02), and 63% versus 95% (p = 0.02), respectively. Conclusions Pretreatment of rats with oral curcumin followed by once‐daily oral treatment for three days reduced the percentage of unburned skin interspaces that progressed to full necrosis.     

National Study of Emergency Department Visits for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 1993–2005

Objectives: Little is known about recent trends in U.S. emergency department (ED) visits for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) or about ED management of AECOPD. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of ED visits for AECOPD and to evaluate concordance with guideline‐recommended care. Methods: Data were obtained from National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). ED visits for AECOPD, during 1993 to 2005, were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) codes. Concordance with guideline recommendations was evaluated using process measures. Results: Over the 13‐year study period, there was an average annual 0.6 million ED visits for AECOPD, and the visit rates for AECOPD were consistently high (3.2 per 1,000 U.S. population; P_trend = 0.13). The trends in the use of chest radiograph, pulse oximetry, or bronchodilator remained stable (all P_trend > 0.5). By contrast, the use of systemic corticosteroids increased from 29% in 1993–1994 to 60% in 2005, antibiotics increased from 14% to 42%, and methylxanthines decreased from 15% to <1% (all P_trend < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed patients in the South (vs. the Northeast) were less likely to receive systemic corticosteroids (odds ratio [OR] = 0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.4 to 0.9). Conclusions: The high burden of ED visits for AECOPD persisted. Overall concordance with guideline‐recommended care for AECOPD was moderate, and some emergency treatments had improved over time.     

云南白药对全髋关节置换术出血量的影响

目的研究云南白药在围术期对全髋关节置换术术中出血量及术后引流量的影响。方法2006至2008年我科收治的股骨颈骨折行全髋关节置换术60例,随机分成两组,分别服用云南白药胶囊和空胶囊;术前术后测定凝血酶原时间(PT),记录全部病人术中出血量及术后24 h引流量。结果实验组和对照组病人的凝血酶原时间(PT)差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);试验组的术中出血量、术后24 h引流量分别为(380±78)ml(、336±77)ml,较对照组(481±77)ml(、418±68)ml明显减少,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论云南白药胶囊能够明显减少全髋关节置换术围术期出血量。     

炎琥宁与阿奇霉素联合治疗小儿支原体肺炎

目的:探讨炎琥宁辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效.方法:将141例临床确诊的支原体肺炎患儿随机分为两组,治疗组71例,应用阿奇霉素加炎琥宁静点.对照组70例,单纯使用阿奇霉素治疗.结果:治疗组有效率96%,对照组有效率87%,两组统计学差异显著(P＜0.05),治疗组疗效优于对照组.结论:炎琥宁辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎,临床症状消失快,疗效显著,无明显不良反应,值得推广.     

Stromal progenitor cell therapy corrects the wound-healing defect in the ischemic rabbit ear model of chronic wound repair

Chronic wounds create a formidable clinical problem resulting in considerable morbidity and healthcare expenditure. The etiology for wound healing impairment appears to be multifactorial; however, ischemia is a common factor in most types of chronic wounds. Ideal therapy for such wounds would be to correct deficiencies in growth factors and matrix components and provide cellular precursors required for timely wound closure. We hypothesized that stromal progenitor cell (SPC) therapy could correct the ischemic wound-healing defect through both direct and indirect mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, we used the ischemic rabbit ear model of chronic wound healing. We found that treatment of the wounds with SPCs was able to reverse the ischemic wound-healing impairment, with improved granulation tissue formation and reepithelialization compared with vehicle or bone marrow mononuclear cell controls. In vitro, SPCs were found to produce factors involved in angiogenesis and reepithelialization, and extracellular matrix components, providing evidence for both direct and indirect mechanisms for the observed correction of the healing impairment in these wounds. Treatment of ischemic wounds with SPCs can dramatically improve wound healing and provides a rationale for further studies focused on SPCs as a potential cellular therapy in impaired wound healing.