多种自身抗体联合检测对系统性红斑狼疮的诊断价值及意义

目的:通过对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者的抗核抗体(ANA)、抗核抗体谱(ANAs)及抗双链DNA抗体(dsDNA)的检测,评价这些自身抗体对SLE的诊疗价值,为临床提供诊断、治疗的依据.方法:选择SLE组患者90例、疾病对照组患者74例和正常对照组患者53例,采用间接免疫荧光法测定ANA,免疫印迹法测定ANAs,放射免疫法测定抗ds-DNA,对所选患者血清标本进行检测,并对结果进行回顾性分析.结果:SLE患者的抗dsDNA、AnuA、抗Sm敏感性为41.1%、32.2%、22.2%,特异性均为97.3%,阳性似然比分别为15.22、11.93、8.22,三者联合检测敏感性达到62.2%,特异性达到90.5%.结论:抗dsDNA、AnuA、抗Sm是SLE的诊断性标记抗体,特异性高,但敏感性低,联合检测可以避免因单项检测出现的漏诊,提高对SLE诊断的敏感性和诊断效率.     

被误诊的莱姆病14例分析

目的：分析１４例莱姆病被误诊的原因。方法：免疫荧光试验、酶联免疫吸附试验、蛋白电泳足迹测定。结果：被误诊的１４例患者均以神经系统症状为首发,提示无发热、皮疹的最初表现,而反复出现神经系统损伤或潜伏期长,有明显的格林巴利综合症和面瘫病史,按神经系统疾病治疗或激素治疗无效,夜间蚁走样感觉明显,肌电图示神经原性损伤,脑脊液蛋白偏高,其余各项检查正常,应做莱姆病检查。合并格林巴利综合症的莱姆病患者,除用大剂量抗菌素外,还应以少量激素冲击治疗。结论：没有明显“三期”的莱姆病患者,症状与其他疾病很接近,易被误诊。     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶A1298C多态性与胃癌易感性的关系

[目的]探讨亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因多态性与胃癌易感性的关系及与环境因素的交互作用。[方法]收集南京市原发性胃癌患者169例,采用1:1病例-对照研究方法随机选取非消化系统疾病、非肿瘤病人为对照,进行流行病学调查,取外周血,采用限制性片段长度多态性方法(PCR-RFLP)分析研究对象MTHFR1298位点的多态性,并分析MTHFR1298基因多态性与烟酒嗜好在胃癌发生中的交互作用。[结果]MTHFR1298C等位基因在病例组与对照组中的频率分别为21.6%和13.0%,差异具有显著性(χ2=8.693,P=0.003,OR=1.841,95%CI=1.223~2.772)。携带MTHFR1298A/C基因型者患胃癌危险性增高(χ2=10.994,P=0.001,OR=2.160,95%CI=1.365~3.419),携带A/C基因型同时又吸烟者患胃癌的危险性是A/A型不吸烟者的3.289倍(χ2=10.002,P=0.002,95%CI=1.573~6.880),携带A/C基因型不饮酒者患胃癌的危险性是携带A/A基因型不饮酒者的2.726倍(χ2=12.459,P<0.001,95%CI=1.562~4.758),同时携带A/C基因型、吸烟、饮酒者患胃癌的危险性是携带A/A基因型、不吸烟、不饮酒者的2.394倍(χ2=3.933,P=0.047,95%CI=1.010~5.672)。[结论]MTHFR1298A/C基因型可增加胃癌易感性,并与吸烟、饮酒间存在交互作用。     

三甲基氯化锡的毒性及危害研究进展

[目的]指出PVC制品是三甲基氯化锡(TMT)污染的主要途径。[方法]本文综述了三甲基氯化锡的毒性和危害,分析了国内中毒事件的原因。[结果]PVC制品中TMT对人体最大的威胁在于,既没有相应的卫生标准控制PVC制品中TMT的含量,也没有国标检测方法进行监测。[结论]有必要对常用食品级PVC制品进行TMT污染的区域调查,为国家卫生标准和检测标准的制定提供一定的参考依据。     

Attitudes Toward the Global Allocation of Chinese COVID-19 Vaccines: Cross-sectional Online Survey of Adults Living in China

BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccines are in short supply worldwide. China was among the first countries to pledge supplies of the COVID-19 vaccine as a global public product, and to date, the country has provided more than 600 million vaccines to more than 200 countries and regions with low COVID-19 vaccination rates. Understanding the public’s attitude in China toward the global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines could inform global and national decisions, policies, and debates.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of adults living in China regarding the global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China and how these attitudes vary across provinces and by sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional online survey among adults registered with the survey company KuRunData. The survey asked participants 31 questions about their attitudes regarding the global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China. We disaggregated responses by province and sociodemographic characteristics. All analyses used survey sampling weights.ResultsA total of 10,000 participants completed the questionnaire. Participants generally favored providing COVID-19 vaccines to foreign countries before fulfilling domestic needs (75.6%, 95% CI 74.6%-76.5%). Women (3778/4921, 76.8%; odds ratio 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.32; P=.002) and those living in rural areas (3123/4065, 76.8%; odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.27; P=.03) were especially likely to hold this opinion. Most respondents preferred providing financial support through international platforms rather than directly offering support to individual countries (72.1%, 95% CI 71%-73.1%), while for vaccine products they preferred direct provision to relevant countries instead of via a delivery platform such as COVAX (77.3%, 95% CI 76.3%-78.2%).ConclusionsAmong our survey sample, we found that adults are generally supportive of the international distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, which may encourage policy makers to support and implement the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines developed in China worldwide. Conducting similar surveys in other countries could help align policy makers’ actions on COVID-19 vaccine distribution with the preferences of their constituencies.     

Engineering globins for efficient biodegradation of malachite green: two case studies of myoglobin and neuroglobin

Malachite green (MG)-contaminated wastewater resulting from industrialization causes a global problem because of its toxicity and widespread usage. Compared with traditional physical and chemical approaches, biodegradation provides a new route for the degradation of MG. As promising candidates for native enzymes, artificial enzymes have received tremendous attention for potential applications due to unlimited possibilities based on precise design. In this study, we rationally engineered artificial enzymes based on myoglobin (Mb) and neuroglobin (Ngb). We introduced an aspartic acid (H64D mutation) in the heme pocket of Mb. A distal histidine (F43H mutation) was further introduced into H64D Mb to obtain a double mutant of F43H/H64D Mb. Moreover, we used A15C/H64D Ngb as designed recently for comparison studies. The H64D Mb, F43H/H64D Mb, and A15C/H64D Ngb were found to catalyze MG degradation efficiently, with activities much higher than those of native enzymes, such as dye-decolorizing peroxidase and laccase (83–205-fold). The crystal structure of H64D Mb was solved and the interactions of MG and H64D Mb and A15C/H64D Ngb were investigated by using both experimental and molecular docking studies. The biodegradation products of MG were also revealed by ESI-MS analysis. Therefore, these artificial enzymes have potential applications in the biodegradation of MG in textile industries and fisheries.

Engineered globins such as H64D Mb and A15C/H64D Ngb were efficient in the degradation of malachite green, with activities much higher than those of some native enzymes.     

Protection of rat islet viability following heme oxygenase-1 gene transfection via adenoviral vector in vitro

Objective: To investigate the effect of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene transfection on the viability of cultured rat islets, and to explore the potential value of HO-1 gene in islet transplantation. Methods:Recombinant adenovirus vector containing human HO-1 gene(Ad-HO-1 ) or enhanced green fluorescent protein gene(Ad-EGFP) was generated by using AdEasy system respectively.The rat islets were transfected with Ad-HO-1, Ad-EGFP or blank vector and then cultured for 7 days. Transfection was confirmed by expression of EGFP and human HO-1 protein detected by fluorescence photographs and western blot, respectively. The insulin release upon different concentration of glucose stimulation was detected using insulin radioimmunoassay kit, and stimulation index (SI) was calculated. Glucose-stimulated insulin release was usedto assess islet viability. Results:Adenovirus vector successfully transferred HO-1 gene to rat islet cells in vitro, and the insulin release upon high level of glucose stimulation and stimulation index(SI) of Ad-HO-1-infected islets were significantly higher than those of Ad-EGFP-infected islets and control islets(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion: Adenovirus-mediated HO-1 gene transfection is a feasible strategy to confer cytoprotection and therefore protect the viability of cultured rat islets.     

细胞周期蛋白在恶性肿瘤中的表达及其在肿瘤治疗中的作用

细胞周期蛋白(Cyclins)是细胞周期调节的核心分子,与细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDKs)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子(CKIs)等组成细胞周期调控网络系统。细胞周期调控机制的异常与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,细胞周期蛋白的异常表达与CDKs结合形成的复合物,将导致细胞周期紊乱、细胞增殖失控,最终促使多种细胞癌变。Cyclins在多种恶性肿瘤中高表达,并在肿瘤的治疗中发挥重要作用。