卵巢巧克力囊肿的CT诊断探讨

目的探讨卵巢巧克力囊肿CT表现及其诊断价值.方法 36例中共50个卵巢巧克力囊肿均作CT扫描和B超检查,全部病例经手术和病理证实.结果 50个卵巢巧克力囊肿因出血时间不同CT密度不同,可为水样密度、软组织密度以至新鲜出血密度.囊内可有软组织隔,囊壁可厚而均匀或厚而不规则,但无附壁结节.结论 CT和B超对诊断卵巢巧克力囊肿的检出同样敏感,但对囊壁和囊腔的表现及病变与邻近组织的关系的显示CT优于B超.     

疝环充填无张力疝修补术（附50例报道）

目的 观察疝环充填无张力疝修补术的临床应用效果。方法 疝囊做高位剥离而不做高位结扎,用美国Bard公司生产的锥形疝环充填 物充填内环,再用该公司生产的成型补片于精溃后方贴补腹肥肉沟管后壁,其它步骤同传统的手术方法。结果 本组50例,手术时间为30-770分钟,平均40分钟。随访1年效果良好,未见并发症。结论 疝环充填无张力疝修补术具有疼痛轻微、复发率低以及术后恢复快等优点。     

血浆降钙素基因相关肽与多发性肌炎、皮肌炎的关系

目的：本文对血浆降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＰＰ）与多发性肌炎／皮肌炎（ＰＭ／ＤＭ） 的关系进行研究,探讨其血管损伤的发病机制。方法：采用放射免疫分析法测定３０例健 康人和３０例ＰＭ／ＤＭ病人ＣＧＲＰ水平变化。结果：ＰＷＤＭ血浆ＣＧＲＰ浓度较正常人降 低（Ｐ＜００１）, ＰＭ／ＤＭ病人有肌酸激酶（ＣＫ）升高和补体Ｃ_３、Ｃ_４下降者其ＣＧＲＰ水平降 低明显（Ｐ＜０.０１）,治疗前后三个月ＣＧＲＰ水平有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）,直线相关分析表 明,血浆ＣＧＲＰ与ＣＫ呈显著负相关,与补体Ｃ_３、Ｃ_４呈显著正相关。结论：ＣＧＲＰ参与了 ＰＭＤＭ血管损伤的发病过程,测定血浆ＣＧＲＰ水平变化可望作为判定病程严重程度和治 疗效果的一个指标,此结果为ＣＧＲＰ治疗ＰＭ／ＤＭ的应用提供依据。     

维甲酸对人体肝癌细胞几种酶活性的影响

目的：探讨细胞分化诱导剂全反式维甲酸对人体肝癌细胞几种酶活性的影响。方法：用 １０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ全反式维甲酸处理 ＢＥＬ－７４０２人肝癌细胞,观察细胞碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）、酪氨酸－α－酮成二酸转氨酶（ＴＡＴ）和γ－谷氨酸转肽酶（γ－ＧＴ）活性以及甲胎蛋白（ＡＦ Ｐ）分泌量。结果：１０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ全反式维甲酸使反映肝细胞恶变的指标 ＡＦＰ分泌量和 γ－ＧＴ比活力明显下降（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５或＜０．０１）,ＡＬＰ比活力和反映肝细胞分化的ＴＡＴ比活力则明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１或＜０．０５）。这些酶学指标与ＡＦＰ分泌量的变化有助于综合反映肝癌细胞的再分化。     

安徽省农村地区1—8岁儿童脑瘫现况及地区分布的流行病学研究

采用分层整群抽样方法,选取安徽省３ 个自然地理区域７ 个县所辖２０ 个乡镇的５０７１４ 名１ ～８ 岁儿童进行脑瘫调查。结果显示,安徽省农村地区１ ～８ 岁儿童脑瘫患病率为２－０７ ‰,不同性别和不同年龄组脑瘫患病率均无显著性差异,但３ 个地区儿童脑瘫患病率呈显著性差异,以淮北地区最低（１－２８ ‰） ,皖南地区最高（３－３４ ‰） ,江淮地区居中（２－０９ ‰） 。其地区差的原因尚待进一步研究     

中俄,中哈边境地区莱姆病自然疫源地调查研究

目的：调查边境地区莱杂姆病和自然疫源地的状况。方法;对血清学、病原学、宿主、媒介,病例和地理景观方面进行调查。结果：用ＩＦＡ和ＥＬＩＳＡ法共检测人畜血清１５０１份,从１９９份人血清中检出抗体阳性１８份,阳性率为９．０５％,并发现莱姆病典型患者１５例;检查马血清２０份,阳性５份,阳性率为２５．００％;检查牛血清３９９份,阳性６９份,阳性率１７．２９％;检查羊血清８８３份,阳性１９９份,阳性率２２．５     

证券交易所空气溶血性链球菌污染状况调查

为了解证券交易场所空气溶血性链球菌的污染状况,对三家证券交易场所空气溶血性链球菌及细菌总数在不同时间段进行采样检测,结果表明,证券交易场所空气ＨＳ浓度营业后明显高于营业前,且有随着人均容积减是升高的趋势。     

Focal distribution of p16/CDKN2 gene mutations within individual prostate carcinomas

To examine the potential role of pl6/CDKN2 gene mutations in prostate tumorigenesis, focal areas within individual tumors were investigated. Eleven cases of histologically heterogeneous prostate carcinomas obtained by radical prostatectomy were subjected to analysis of p16/CDKN2 gene mutations. DNA was extracted from 5 to 10 separate areas of each tumor with different growth or histological patterns. Exons 1 through 3 of the p16/CDKN2 gene were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and screened for homozygous deletions and mutations of this gene by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. No homozygous deletions were observed in any of the prostate carcinomas, but two of the eleven tumors demonstrated mutations in exon 2 of p16/CDKN2 gene. Missense mutations were detected in only one and two foci, respectively, out of six ana ten selected tumor areas. The present results suggest that p16/CDKN2 gene mutations, although they occur at a low incidence, are involved in prostate tumorigenesis, indicating a mutational heterogeneity in addition to morphological heterogeneity.     

Comparison of nifedipine and metoprolol on collateral coronary blood flow in a swine model of chronic coronary obstruction and acute ischaemia during isoflurane anaesthesia

Purpose

This study compared the effects of nifedipine and metoprolol on collateral-dependent myocardial blood flow in a swine model of chronic coronary obstruction and acute ischaemia during isoflurane anaesthesia.

Methods

Collateral coronary circulation was induced in 15 three-week-old piglets by banding of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). After 8–10 wk, the distal LAD was ligcted and the open-chest pigs were randomized to receive infusions of either saline, nifedipine (5 μg·kg^?1 · min^?1) or metoprolol (10 μg · kg^?1 · min^?1) for 30 min during isoflurane anaesthesia (2%). Transient ischaemia was induced by 30 secocclusion of the left circumflex artery. Arterial blood pressures, heart rate and regional myocardial blood flow (radio-labelled microspheres technique) were measured at the end of drug infusion (baseline) and one minute after transient ischaemia.

Results

No differences in the blood flow to the collateral-dependent (CD) myocardium or haemodynamic variables were observed at baseline among the three groups. Following transient ischaemia, in the nifedipine but not in the metoprolol group, blood flow to the CD myocardium was reduced by 28 ± 24% in the epicardium (P< 0.05) and 56 ± 20% in the endocardium (P< 0.01), resulting from intercoronary and transmural steal. This was associated with a moderate increase (10%, P< 0.05) in the heart rate in the nifedipine group.

Conclusions

In a swine model of chronic coronary obstruction and acute ischaemia during isoflurane anaesthesia, the collateral coronary blood flow was maintained in the presence of metoprolol, but reduced in the presence of nifedipine following transient ischaemia due to intercoronary and transmural steal.