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61.
Imad?Fadl-ElmulaEmail author Soili?Kytola Mona?EL?Leithy Mohamed?Abdel-Hameed Nils?Mandahl Atif?Elagib Muntaser?Ibrahim Catharina?Larsson Sverre?Heim 《BMC cancer》2002,2(1):5
Background
Bilharzia-associated bladder cancer (BAC) is a major health problem in countries where urinary schistosomiasis is endemic. Characterization of the genetic alterations in this cancer might enhance our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease but, in contrast to nonbilharzia bladder cancer, BAC has rarely been the object of such scrutiny. In the present study, we aimed to characterize chromosomal imbalances in benign and malignant post-bilharzial lesions, and to determine whether their unique etiology yields a distinct cytogenetic profile as compared to chemically induced bladder tumors.Methods
DNAs from 20 archival paraffin-embedded post-bilharzial bladder lesions (6 benign and 14 malignant) obtained from Sudanese patients (12 males and 8 females) with a history of urinary bilharziasis were investigated for chromosomal imbalances using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Subsequent FISH analysis with pericentromeric probes was performed on paraffin sections of the same cases to confirm the CGH results.Results
Seven of the 20 lesions (6 carcinomas and one granuloma) showed chromosomal imbalances varying from 1 to 6 changes. The most common chromosomal imbalances detected were losses of 1p21-31, 8p21-pter, and 9p and gain of 19p material, seen in three cases each, including the benign lesion.Conclusion
Most of the detected imbalances have been repeatedly reported in non-bilharzial bladder carcinomas, suggesting that the cytogenetic profiles of chemical- and bilharzia-induced carcinomas are largely similar. However, loss of 9p seems to be more ubiquitous in BAC than in bladder cancer in industrialized countries.62.
PURPOSE: A lack of selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor (alpha1-ARs) agonists and antagonists has made it difficult to clarify the precise function of these receptors in the CNS. We recently generated transgenic mice that overexpress either wild-type or a constitutively active mutant alpha 1B-AR in tissues that normally express the receptor. Both wild-type and mutant mice showed an age-progressive neurodegeneration with locomotor impairment and probable stress-induced motor events, which can be partially reversed by alpha 1-AR antagonists. We hypothesized that the wild-type and mutant mice may exhibit spontaneous epileptogenicity as compared with normal (nontransgenic) mice. METHODS: Normal, wild-type, and mutant mice were studied. Twenty mice (1 year old) underwent prolonged video-EEG monitoring over a 4-week period. Raw EEG data were blindly analyzed by visual inspection for the presence of interictal and ictal epileptic activities. RESULTS: During the acute postoperative period (< or = 3 days), both wild-type (26.1 +/- 8.07 spikes/day) and mutant mice (116.87 +/- 55.13) exhibited more frequent interictal spikes than did normal mice (2.17 +/- 0.75; p value, <0.05), but all three groups showed EEG and clinical seizures. During the later monitoring periods (>3 days), wild-type and mutant mice showed more frequent interictal spikes (15.44 +/- 4.07; p < 0.01; and 6.05 +/- 2.46; p < 0.05, respectively) as compared with normal mice (0.41 +/- 0.41), but only mutant mice had spontaneous clinical seizures (means +/- SEM). CONCLUSIONS: The selective overexpression of the alpha 1B-AR is associated with increased in vivo spontaneous interictal epileptogenicity and EEG/behavioral seizures. These results suggest a possible role (direct or indirect) for the alpha 1B-ARs in the development and expression of epileptogenicity. 相似文献
63.
64.
Imad Sheiban M.D. Gianpaolo Trevi Dino Casarotto Alberto Marini Paolo Benussi Roberto Accardi Marcello Zanini Peppino Pugliese Luisa Bullian Graziano Montresor Stefano Ferrara Ludovico Antonio Scuro 《Cardiovascular and interventional radiology》1988,11(1):14-17
An attempt was made to assess noninvasively the patency of aorto-coronary bypass grafts by two-dimensional echocardiography
(2-D echo) in 21 patients who underwent myocardial revascularization. Fifteen patients had one graft while the other six had
two grafts. All 21 patients underwent angiography 6–18 months after operation. A day before angiography a 2-D echo was performed
with the aim of visualizing the bypass grafts. In 18 patients with 23 grafts (13 with 1 graft and 5 with 2 grafts) it was
possible to visualize the tract of the graft, by 2-D echo; 16 were judged patent on 2-D echo and confirmed by selective angiography,
while 5 grafts were considered occluded both on 2-D echo and angiography. The other 2 grafts were considered to be occluded
on 2-D echo but angiographic control displayed their patency. In 3 patients 2-D echo failed to visualize grafts that were
patent angiographically. These data must be considered preliminary and need validation in a larger number of patients. However
it is reasonable to conclude that 2-D echo has a reliable capacity to predict graft patency. Such an application may be of
value in sequential control of patients with aorto-coronary bypass surgery, especially when combined with other clinical and/or
technical data. 相似文献
65.
Imad L. Kaddoura Ghattas S. Khoury 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》1998,2(1):63-65
Laparoscopic ligation of the deep and superficial inferior epigastric vessels was done for ten mastectomized patients who elected to have autogenous reconstruction of their breast. All these patients had at least one indication for the delay which included obesity, smoking, or requirement of a large volume of tissue for their reconstruction. The procedure did not add any morbidity or mortality to our patients and was found to be comparable to the “open” delay in preventing partial tissue loss in all but two patients. We describe the use of a minimally invasive procedure to augment the deep superior epigastric pedicled blood supply for the future transverse rectus abdominus flap. We have found in laparoscopic delay a safe, short procedure that is useful in high risk patients who choose the option of autologous breast reconstruction. 相似文献
66.
67.
Spencer AU Neaga A West B Safran J Brown P Btaiche I Kuzma-O'Reilly B Teitelbaum DH 《Annals of surgery》2005,242(3):403-412
OBJECTIVE: To determine predictors of survival and of weaning off parenteral nutrition (PN) in pediatric short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Pediatric SBS carries extensive morbidity and high mortality, but factors believed to predict survival or weaning from PN have been based on limited studies. This study reviews outcomes of a large number of SBS infants and identifies predictors of success. METHODS: Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted on 80 pediatric SBS patients. Primary outcome was survival; secondary outcome was ability to wean off PN. Nonsignificant covariates were eliminated. P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Over a mean of 5.1 years of follow-up, survival was 58 of 80 (72.5%) and 51 weaned off PN (63.8%). Cholestasis (conjugated bilirubin > or =2.5 mg/dL) was the strongest predictor of mortality (relative risk [RR] 22.7, P = 0.005). Although absolute small bowel length was only slightly predictive, percentage of normal bowel length (for a given infant's gestational age) was strongly predictive of mortality (if <10% of normal length, RR of death was 5.7, P = 0.003) and of weaning PN (if > or =10% of normal, RR of weaning PN was 11.8, P = 0.001). Presence of the ileocecal valve (ICV) also strongly predicted weaning PN (RR 3.9, P < 0.0005); however, ICV was not predictive of survival. CONCLUSIONS: Cholestasis and age-adjusted small bowel length are the major predictors of mortality in pediatric SBS. Age-adjusted small bowel length and ICV are the major predictors of weaning from PN. These data permit better prediction of outcomes of pediatric SBS, which may help to direct future management of these challenging patients. 相似文献
68.
Temporal trends in infective endocarditis: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Tleyjeh IM Steckelberg JM Murad HS Anavekar NS Ghomrawi HM Mirzoyev Z Moustafa SE Hoskin TL Mandrekar JN Wilson WR Baddour LM 《JAMA》2005,293(24):3022-3028
Context Limited data exist regarding population-based epidemiologic changes in incidence of infective endocarditis (IE). Objective To evaluate temporal trends in the incidence and clinical characteristics of IE. Design, Setting, and Patients Population-based survey using the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project of Olmsted County, Minnesota. One hundred seven IE episodes occurred in 102 Olmsted County residents between 1970 and 2000. The modified Duke criteria were used to validate the diagnosis of definite or possible IE. Main Outcome Measures Incidence of IE, proportion of patients with underlying heart disease, and causative microorganisms and clinical characteristics. Results Age- and sex-adjusted incidence of IE ranged from 5.0 to 7.0 cases per 100 000 person-years during the study period and did not change significantly over time (P = .42 for trend). Infective endocarditis caused by viridans group streptococci was the most common organism-specific subgroup, with an annual adjusted incidence of 1.7 to 3.5 cases per 100 000; in comparison, IE due to Staphylococcus aureus had an annual adjusted incidence of 1.0 to 2.2 cases per 100 000. No time trend was detected for either pathogen group (P = .63 and P = .66, respectively). An increasing temporal trend was observed in the proportions of prosthetic valve IE cases (P = .09). Among people with underlying heart disease, there was an increasing temporal trend in mitral valve prolapse (P = .04) and a decreasing trend in rheumatic heart disease (P = .08). However, the absolute numbers were small. There was no time trend in rates of valve surgery or 6-month mortality during the study period (P = .97 and P = .59, respectively). Conclusions In this community-based temporal trend study, we found no substantial change in the incidence of IE over the past 3 decades. Viridans group streptococci continue to outnumber S aureus as the most common causative organisms of IE in this population. 相似文献
69.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To assess the long-term acceptance of non-invasive nasal continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) in multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients with polysomnographic (PSG)-confirmed sleep apneas and/or nocturnal stridor. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sleep-related breathing disorders were investigated by PSG in 22 MSA patients in whom stridor and sleep-related respiratory disturbances were clinically suspected. Patients in whom the first PSG disclosed either a sleep apnea/hypopnea index (AHI)> or =10 or stridor with or without apneas underwent a second PSG for CPAP titration. RESULTS: Three patients presented with an obstructive sleep apnea syndrome without stridor, whereas 15 patients presented stridor occurring alone or accompanied by apneas. Twelve patients pursued CPAP. Two severely disabled patients died a few days after CPAP initiation, and five discontinued CPAP because of discomfort. One patient died after 17 months of follow-up. Since the onset of CPAP, the four remaining patients reported more efficacious sleep and improved daytime alertness. These patients had significantly less severe disease at the time of CPAP initiation. Age, disease duration, the presence of sleep complaints, excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) and AHI did not account for CPAP compliance. CONCLUSION: The severity of motor impairment at the initiation of treatment appears to be the most significant limiting factor for CPAP long-term acceptance. 相似文献
70.
Uthman I 《The Journal of rheumatology》2005,32(11):2278; author reply 2278