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41.
Jia-You Fang Yann-Lii Leu Tsong-Long Hwang Hsiao-Chin Cheng Chi-Feng Hung 《European journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2003,19(4):253-262
To improve the drug permeation into and/or across the skin, essential oils extracted from Alpinia oxyphylla (AO) were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo permeation techniques with Wistar rats as the animal model. Hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were the major components in the lower-polarity fraction (AO-1) and higher-polarity fraction (AO-2), respectively. Permeation of indomethacin was significantly enhanced after treatment with AO-1 and AO-2 in the in vitro and in vivo studies. AO-2 generally showed a higher ability to promote drug permeation compared to AO-1. The increment of skin/vehicle partitioning may be the predominant mechanism for this enhancing activity. Both transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and colorimetric evaluation showed limited irritation to skin by AO essential oils at the macroscopic level. Human skin fibroblasts were used to investigate the in vitro screening of skin toxicity. AO-1 slightly increased prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) formation from skin fibroblasts. A striking result was observed with AO-2, which greatly inhibited the release of PGE(2). Moreover, both AO essential oils had no statistically significant effect on PGE(2) release by human lung epithelial cells. The results of this study indicate that skin disruption and inflammation do not necessary correspond to the enhancing efficiency of the enhancers tested. 相似文献
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Berhooz Rajabalitabar Hung Anh Nguyen Herv Cheradame 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》1995,196(11):3597-3604
Polymerizations of 2-methylpropene (MP) initiated by the system 1,4-bis(1-azido-1-methylethyl)benzene (DAMEB)/BCl3 in the presence of DMSO were carried out by “all monomer in” (AMI) technique at ?70°C in CH2Cl2 solution. FT-IR, 1H NMR and SEC analyses of polymers (PMP) showed that the M n versus weight of PMP plot is a straight line without intercept and azide Fn3 and aromatic ring F? functionalities are close to the theoretical values of 2 and 1, respectively. A polymerization of MP initiated by the system α,ω-diazido-PMP/BCl3/DMSO led to a final poly(2-methylpropene) (PMP) with an increase of M n corresponding to the amount of MP introduced and presenting the same functionalities FN3 and F? as the starting PMP. These results indicate that the polymerization system MP/DAMEB/BCl3/DMSO is a “living” one, because in an acceptably large range of molecular weight (M n < 50000) the Mayo plot 1/DP versus 1/DP 0 is a straight line. The intercept gives ktrM/kp = 4 · 10?5, showing the transfer reaction proceeds at very low rate. 相似文献
45.
Detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus by latex agglutination with recombinant antigen. 总被引:2,自引:7,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
C H Riggin G A Beltz C H Hung R M Thorn D J Marciani 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1987,25(9):1772-1773
Recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) env antigen was attached to polystyrene particles, and these complexes were used to develop the first latex agglutination assay for antibodies to HIV. A total of 95 positive and 116 negative human serum samples were assayed for antibodies to HIV by latex agglutination, and results were compared with those of a commercial enzyme immunoassay. Latex agglutination was also compared with, and found to be completely concordant with, Western blot (immunoblot) analysis with virion antigens. 相似文献
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Naoki Utoguchi Tetsushi Nakata Hsien Hung Cheng Kenji Ikeda Hiroo Makimoto Yu Mu Shinsaku Nakagawa Motomasa Kobayashi Isao Kitagawa Tadanori Mayumi 《Inflammation》1997,21(2):223-233
Leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells is an essential step in the development of inflammatory diseases. We have searched for inhibitors of leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion that could be used as anti-inflammatory drugs and found that bruceine B (0.2 g/ml; 0.44 M) inhibited human neutrophil or T cell adhesion to tumor necrosis factor- (TNF) stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The inhibition of neutrophil adhesion to TNF-stimulated HUVEC by bruceine B was not derived from cytotoxic effects, as determined by measurement of the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in conditioned medium. The effect of bruceine B on neutrophil adhesion to HUVEC was not seen when the neutrophils were preincubated with bruceine B. However, inhibitory effects were evident when the HUVEC were preincubated with bruceine B. Bruceine B also inhibited neutrophil adhesion to lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HUVEC and T cell adhesion to TNF-stimulated HUVEC. These findings suggest that bruceine B may have anti-inflammatory activity. 相似文献
50.
Variable Regions 1 and 2 (VR1 and VR2) in JSRV gag Are Not Responsible for the Endogenous JSRV Particle Release Defect 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is a betaretrovirus causing ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, a transmissible lung tumor of sheep. A very closely related endogenous retrovirus (enJSRV) occurs as 15 to 20 copies in the genome of all sheep, and is not known to be linked to pathogenesis. We previously localized a particle release defect of the full-length endogenous-derived expression construct pCMV2enJS56A1 to the amino-terminal region of gag that incorporates the two variable regions VR1 and VR2, which harbor the main sequence differences between endogenous and exogenous JSRV in this part of gag. Here, we tested the hypothesis that either or both of these variable regions are responsible for the observed particle release defect in enJS56A1. We found that the PPPPPPPS motif of the exogenous VR1 is neither necessary nor sufficient for particle release. Furthermore, the precise substitution of VR1 and VR2 in the exogenous JSRV expression plasmid pCMV2JS 21, using their enJS56A1-derived counterparts, did not abrogate the ability of the resulting constructs to release particles. The particle release defect of enJS56A1 is therefore not determined exclusively by either VR1 or VR2. These results point to a small number of amino acids lying outside of VR1 and VR2 that may be responsible for the particle defect of enJS56A1 Gag. 相似文献