Lentiviral Vectors and Adeno‐Associated Virus Vectors: Useful Tools for Gene Transfer in Pain Research

Pain, especially chronic pain, has always been a heated point in both basic and clinical researches since it puts heavy burdens on both individuals and the whole society. A better understanding of the role of biological molecules and various ionic channels involved in pain can shed light on the mechanism under pain and advocate the development of pain management. Using viral vectors to transfer specific genes at targeted sites is a promising method for both research and clinical applications. Lentiviral vectors and adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vectors which allow stable and long‐term expression of transgene in non‐dividing cells are widely applied in pain research. In this review, we thoroughly outline the structure, category, advantages and disadvantages and the delivery methods of lentiviral and AAV vectors. The methods through which lentiviral and AAV vectors are delivered to targeted sites are closely related with the sites, level and period of transgene expression. Focus is placed on the various delivery methods applied to deliver vectors to spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion both of which play important roles in primary nociception. Our goal is to provide insight into the features of these two viral vectors and which administration approach can be chosen for different pain researches. Anat Rec, 301:825–836, 2018. © 2017 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.     

超前镇痛护理用于支气管成形术患者呼吸道管理

总结超前镇痛护理用于429例肺癌患者行支气管成形术的呼吸道管理,包括术前超前镇痛护理及酒依赖知识宣教,术后做好常规镇痛与超前镇痛的衔接,落实呼吸道管理的超前镇痛护理评估及镇痛时机。结果32例并发肺部感染经加强呼吸道管理及调整敏感抗生素痊愈,无肺不张、吻合口瘘,均临床痊愈出院。提出在常规呼吸道管理的基础上,应用超前镇痛护理可减少和避免患者剧痛体验,提高患者呼吸道管理的依从性,降低肺部并发症。     

The utilization of fluorescent cholangiography during robotic cholecystectomy at an inner-city academic medical center

In recent years, fluorescent cholangiography using Indocyanine green (ICG) dye has been used to aid identification of structures during robotic cholecystectomy. We sought to compare cholecystectomy with ICG dye versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy at an inner-city academic medical center. Between January 2013 and July 2016, we identified 287 patients of which 191 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 96 patients underwent robotic cholecystectomy with ICG dye. Preoperative risk variables of interest included age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and acute cholecystitis. Primary outcome of interest was conversion to open procedures while secondary outcome was length of stay. The two groups were similar in their BMI (31.98 vs. 31.10 kg/m² for the laparoscopic and robotic, respectively, p = 0.32). The laparoscopic group had a greater mean age compared to the robotic group (47.77 vs. 43.61 years, p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in sex and emergency surgery between the two groups. Fewer open conversions were found in the robotic than the laparoscopic group [2 (2.1%) vs. 17 (8.9%), p = 0.03]. In multiple logistic regression, robotic cholecystectomy with ICG also showed a lower risk of conversion compared to laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.11–1.65, p = 0.22). ICG fluorescent cholangiography during robotic cholecystectomy may contribute to proper identification of biliary structures and may reduce the rates of open conversion. The preliminary results of fewer open conversions are promising. Further studies with a large randomized prospective controlled study should be taken for further evaluation.     

Resection of a retrohepatic leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava combined with caudate lobectomy and reconstruction with an allogenic vein

正Primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava(IVC) is a rare disease, accounting for 0.5% of soft tissue sarcomas in adults [1]. A diversity of therapeutic methods have been applied to treat this type of tumor. The average survival time of patients who are not treated is merely 3-4 months [2]. The effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains unclear and controversial [3].     

miR-143在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探究miR-143在甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC)中的表达情况及临床意义。方法收集2018年1月1日至2018年3月31日青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院甲状腺外科52例PTC患者的癌组织标本及癌旁组织标本,采用RT-qPCR分析miR-143在PTC中的表达情况并统计分析miR-143表达与临床病理特点的关系。结果RT-qPCR发现在PTC肿瘤组织中miR-143表达为(3.60±2.98),癌旁正常甲状腺组织中miR-143表达为(20.23±7.09),miR-143表达在PTC癌组织中较癌旁组织中明显降低(t=-21.39,95%CI,18.20~15.07),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。miR-143低表达与PTC患者中央区转移数目≥3(t=10.13,P=0.012)及侧颈部淋巴结转移(t=-4.67,P<0.001)相关。结论miR-143在PTC中表达降低,其表达降低参与PTC淋巴结转移。miR-143可作为PTC治疗中潜在的干预靶点。