全文获取类型
收费全文 | 103662篇 |
免费 | 8778篇 |
国内免费 | 6073篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1109篇 |
儿科学 | 1541篇 |
妇产科学 | 2304篇 |
基础医学 | 12348篇 |
口腔科学 | 1949篇 |
临床医学 | 13910篇 |
内科学 | 16269篇 |
皮肤病学 | 893篇 |
神经病学 | 5635篇 |
特种医学 | 3521篇 |
外国民族医学 | 42篇 |
外科学 | 11106篇 |
综合类 | 14766篇 |
现状与发展 | 23篇 |
一般理论 | 20篇 |
预防医学 | 5976篇 |
眼科学 | 2854篇 |
药学 | 10681篇 |
56篇 | |
中国医学 | 4816篇 |
肿瘤学 | 8694篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 244篇 |
2023年 | 1317篇 |
2022年 | 3238篇 |
2021年 | 4910篇 |
2020年 | 3489篇 |
2019年 | 3216篇 |
2018年 | 3535篇 |
2017年 | 2922篇 |
2016年 | 2839篇 |
2015年 | 4401篇 |
2014年 | 5605篇 |
2013年 | 5001篇 |
2012年 | 7521篇 |
2011年 | 8264篇 |
2010年 | 4970篇 |
2009年 | 3816篇 |
2008年 | 5268篇 |
2007年 | 5537篇 |
2006年 | 5400篇 |
2005年 | 5694篇 |
2004年 | 3830篇 |
2003年 | 3399篇 |
2002年 | 2997篇 |
2001年 | 2441篇 |
2000年 | 2651篇 |
1999年 | 2690篇 |
1998年 | 1575篇 |
1997年 | 1473篇 |
1996年 | 1311篇 |
1995年 | 1163篇 |
1994年 | 982篇 |
1993年 | 635篇 |
1992年 | 998篇 |
1991年 | 805篇 |
1990年 | 684篇 |
1989年 | 602篇 |
1988年 | 596篇 |
1987年 | 512篇 |
1986年 | 419篇 |
1985年 | 330篇 |
1984年 | 208篇 |
1983年 | 159篇 |
1982年 | 85篇 |
1981年 | 98篇 |
1980年 | 83篇 |
1979年 | 115篇 |
1978年 | 54篇 |
1977年 | 56篇 |
1975年 | 44篇 |
1974年 | 45篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
891.
肾移植取肾方法的改进 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报道了自1985年2月至今共摘取供肾132例,取得尸肾263只(1例独立肾),其中251只供肾用于临床。分侧切取肾38例,整块切肾41例,改进后整块切肾53例。文中着重介绍改进后的整块切取尸肾的手术方法,讨论了术式的优缺点。 相似文献
892.
Increased endostatin/collagen XVIII expression correlates with elevated VEGF level and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tsung-Hui Hu Chao-Cheng Huang Chia-Ling Wu Pey-Ru Lin Shang-Yun Liu Jui-Wei Lin Jiin-Haur Chuang Ming Hong Tai 《Modern pathology》2005,18(5):663-672
Liver is the primary source for collagen XVIII, the precursor of angiogenesis inhibitor, endostatin. However, the role of endostatin/collagen XVIII expression during liver carcinogenesis remains elusive. Therefore, we studied its expression in five hepatoma cell lines and 105 hepatocellular carcinoma specimens. The poorly differentiated hepatoma cell lines exhibited increased endostatin/collagen XVIII levels compared with the well-differentiated ones. In hepatoma tissues, endostatin/collagen XVIII expression was detected in various types of liver cells and was significantly stronger in adjacent nontumor tissues than that in tumors (P<0.001). Endostatin/collagen XVIII expression in nontumor tissues correlated with tumor stages (P=0.014) and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (P=0.007), but not the stages of hepatic fibrosis (P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with higher endostatin/collagen XVIII expression had significantly shorter overall survival (P=0.011) and disease-free survival (P=0.0034). Moreover, endostatin/collagen XVIII level was an independent prognostic factor for tumor recurrence (P=0.034) by multivariate analysis. In conclusion, increased endostatin/collagen XVIII expression correlated with hepatoma progression and predicted poor prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 相似文献
893.
采用柱上聚合的方法制备血红蛋白溶液,解决传统血红蛋白聚合过程中由于戊二醛的活性过高导致平均分子量大、产物分子量分布宽的问题。该方法利用阳离子交换剂对修饰度(聚合度)小的血红蛋白吸附能力大的原理,使其在柱上富积,同时加入戊二醛进行聚合反应。结果表明该方法能比较有效地缩小聚合血红蛋白的分子量分布。 相似文献
894.
形态学、免疫表型以及遗传学的异质性可以导致套细胞淋巴瘤(MCKs)的诊断和处理困难,本研究的目的就是分析那些伴有CD10异常表达的MCLs的临床和病理学特征。选取13例患者的17份标本作为研究对象,其中14份标本表达CD10,3份不表达(出现在CD10阳性之前或之后)。所有标本均表达cyclin D1, 相似文献
895.
896.
Huang P Miao S Fan H Sheng Q Yan Y Wang L Koide SS 《Molecular human reproduction》2000,6(12):1069-1078
The YWK-II cDNA, RSD-2, encoding a sperm membrane protein was isolated from a rat testis cDNA expression library. Using the RSD-2 insert in combination with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), the corresponding human gene was isolated from a human testis cDNA expression library. The human testis cDNA, HSD-2, is 3654 bp in length and contains an open reading frame of 763 codons. Hydropathicity analysis showed that the deduced polypeptide is a single strand transmembrane protein. The deduced polypeptide has partial homology with the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and high homology with the amyloid precursor homologue, APLP2/APPH. The YWK-II gene was mapped and assigned to human chromosome locus: 11q24-25. Northern blotting of various human tissue RNAs using the HSD-2 cDNA as a probe showed that the gene is transcribed ubiquitously. The cytoplasmic domain of HSD-2 was expressed in Escherichia coli. In-vitro studies showed that the recombinant polypeptide bound to a GTP-binding protein (G(o)) and was phosphorylated by protein kinase C and cdc2 kinase. In mammalian F11 cells, the recombinant polypeptide was found to be coupled to G(o). Thus, the YWK-II component has the characteristics of a G(o)-coupled receptor and may be involved in G(o)-mediated signal transduction pathway. Protein kinase C and cdc2 kinase may regulate this pathway in spermatozoa by phosphorylating the cytoplasmic domain of the YWK-II component. 相似文献
897.
Devlin CM Chawl S Skepper JN Huan CL 《Journal of muscle research and cell motility》2001,22(5):459-466
The transverse (T-)tubules primarily function in conducting the action potentials that initiate excitation– contraction coupling
in skeletal muscle but may additionally subserve longer-term roles in volume regulation, membrane fusion and other trafficking
processes. Osmotic shock thus both electrically detaches the T-tubules from surface membrane (‘detubulation’) and produces
tubular vacuolation. The present experiments separated these effects. An established, reference osmotic shock protocol that
exposed muscles to Ca2+/Mg2+-Ringer and gradual cooling to 10°C after 18 min in glycerol–Ringer accomplished significant detubulation (77.5 ± 13.15%,
mean ± SEM; n = 4). In contrast, a test protocol conducted entirely at room temperature using Mg2+-rather than Ca2+/Mg2+-Ringer yielded reduced (P < 0.05, post hoc Duncan's multiple range test) detubulation indices (1.67 ± 1.67%, n = 6) statistically indistinguishable from findings in fibres spared osmotic shock. Yet both osmotic shocks caused a formation
of closed vacuoles, demonstrated by Sulphorhodamine B trapping, that occupied statistically similar fractions of total fibre
volume (reference procedure: 14.38 ± 2.7%, n = 6; test procedure: 13.36 ± 2.00%, n = 22) in turn higher than determinations in control fibres (P < 0.05). The findings reconcile reports associating detubulation with vacuolation in osmotically shocked muscle [S. Nik-Zainal
et al. (1999) J Muscle Res Cell Motil
20: 45–53; K.N. Khan et al. (2000) J Muscle Res Cell Motil
21: 79–90] with the persistence of tubular electrical activity in extensively vacuolated amphibian fibres following fatigue [J.
Lannergren and H. Westerblad (1987) Acta Physiol Scand
129: 311–318; J. Lannergren et al. (1999) J Muscle Res Cell Motil
20: 19–32]. Furthermore test protocols produced higher densities of open vacuoles (13.38 ± 2.33%, n = 9) than did reference protocols (6.66 ± 1.63%, n = 20) contrary to their possible involvement in the electrophysiological changes. Abolition of tubular electrophysiological
activity thus either follows or is independent of tubular vacuolation whilst sharing some of its underlying osmotic mechanisms.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
898.
899.
结直肠癌中TGF-β1表达与肿瘤浸润转移和血管形成的关系 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
目的 探讨结直肠癌中转化生长因子 β1(TGF β1)的表达与肿瘤浸润转移和血管形成的关系。 方法 免疫组化S P法检测 12 6例结直肠癌中TGF β1和血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)的表达 ,同时应用CD34标记肿瘤间质中微血管密度 (MVD)。结果 12 6例结直肠癌中TGF β1和VEGF的阳性表达率分别为 4 2 1%和 6 3 5 %。结直肠癌中TGF β1、VEGF蛋白的表达和MVD与肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移和Dukes分期呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ;VEGF在TGF β1表达阳性的结直肠癌中的阳性表达率高于TGF β1表达阴性的结直肠癌 (P <0 0 5 ) ,TGF β1表达阳性的结直肠癌MVD高于TGF β1表达阴性的结直肠癌(P <0 0 5 )。结论 TGF β1可能通过间接或直接刺激肿瘤血管形成而促进结直肠癌的浸润转移 相似文献
900.
Nan-Yao Lee Jing-Jou Yan Hsin-Chun Lee Kung-Hung Liu Shao-Tsung Huang Wen-Chien Ko 《Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection》2004,37(6):343-349
The emergence of acquired metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) in gram-negative bacilli is regarded as a therapeutic challenge since such enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing all beta-lactams in vitro except the monobactams. The clinical characteristics and outcome of 8 episodes of gram-negative bacteremia caused by MBL-producing isolates from January 1997 through December 2000 (Klebsiella pneumoniae, 6 isolates; Pseudomonas stutzeri, 4; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1; and Pseudomonas putida, 1) were analyzed. The median age of the patients was 61 years (range, 2-95 years). Most patients (n = 6, 75%) had more than 1 comorbid illness or condition and 6 patients acquired bacteremia in the intensive care unit. The median time from admission to the first positive culture was 34.5 days (range, 1-99 days). Pneumonia was the most common site of infection. Five patients (62.5%) received a carbapenem to treat bacteremia. The median time to defervescence was 6 days (range, 2-12 days). No bacteriologic failure was noted during or after antimicrobial therapy. The overall mortality rate from bacteremia caused by gram-negative, MBL-producing organisms was nil at 14 or 28 days. 相似文献