Detection of circulating antigen by McAb-AST for evaluating the efficacy of anti-Leishmania chemotherapy.

We have adapted the simple and sensitive McAb-antigen spot test (AST) for evaluating the efficacy of anti-Leishmania chemotherapy. Serum samples from 37 kala-azar patients were tested by McAb-AST, and all showed definite positive reactions before treatment. After a course of antimony treatment, 20 turned negative, coupled with the disappearance of clinical symptoms; another 12 cases responded with weak positivity accompanied by an improvement of clinical manifestations; and the remaining 5 antimony-resistant patients showed strong positive reactions, with their conditions gradually worsening. Furthermore, all 6 cases in which the diagnosis was missed by the bone marrow smear method turned McAb-AST negative after chemotherapy. These results suggest that McAb-AST can be used to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy as well as to avoid missed diagnosis by the bone marrow smear method.     

The use of 6-flavor Rehmannia decoction with additives in the prevention of ototoxic deafness induced by gentamicin in guinea pigs]

The purpose of this study is to discuss the effects of the Chinese medicine six-flavor Rehmannia Decoction with additives on preventing deafness induced by gentamicin (GM) in guinea pig by means of testing the thresholds of Preyer's reflex (PR) cochlear microphonic potential (CM), action potential of the auditory nerve (N1) and scanning electron microscope of inner ear (SEM). The results showed that the medicine is effective in reducing the ototoxic effect of GM on inner ear.     

联合国驻利比里亚维和部队二级卫勤保障中航空医疗后送的组织实施

目的 通过伤病人员空运后送的组织实施,了解联合国维和部队快速空中转运系统与卫勤保障. 方法 2004年12月至2005年7月,中国维和医疗分队在非洲执行了联合国利比里亚维和行动中的二级卫勤保障任务.利用联合国在任务区建立的陆空一体化机动后勤保障力量,我们对63例伤病员组织实施了航空医疗后送.通过与维和战区小型军事移动通信单位联络,经卫星远程通讯设施,用电话、传真、电子邮件等与任务区军事指挥、卫生、运输等部门联通.采取多国维和部队联军协调,联合行动,外军护卫,专人陪送,保障伤病员安全与生命.所有伤病员在后送前经严格对症治疗处理,病情稳定.空运机种为俄罗斯米-8通用型直升机和加拿大Duch-7固定翼飞机,采用固定的野战直升机场. 结果 全部伤病员无一例因空运后送死亡或病情加重. 结论 在维和行动中,多国维和部队合作实施安全高效的航空医疗后送伤病人员是新时期我军开展的一项新课题.在联合国维和行动卫勤保障体系框架下,注重联络、协调、理顺与任务区各相关部门关系,配合多国维和军兵种单元联军合作,可以实施高效快速的卫勤行动,提高保障的整体效能.利用维和卫勤保障锻炼部队,是培训和提高我军医务人员综合实战能力的极好时机.     

小檗碱对大鼠阴茎海绵体磷酸二酯酶5mRNA水平的影响

目的 :检测大鼠阴茎海绵体中磷酸二酯酶 5 (PDE5 )mRNA的表达 ,进而探讨小檗碱 (berberine ,Ber)的分子作用机制。　方法 :通过逆转录酶链反应 (RT PCR)技术检测大鼠阴茎海绵体中PDE5mRNA的表达。　结果 :大鼠阴茎海绵体中有PDE5A1和PDE5A2mRNA的表达 ,以PDE5A2为主要的异构酶。与内参照 β 肌动蛋白相比 ,对照组、Ber孵育 1和 3h组的PDE5A1及PDE5A2基因mRNA的相对表达量分别为 :0 .2 2± 0 .0 2 ,0 .4 1± 0 .0 1 ;0 .1 5± 0 .0 1 ,0 .34± 0 .0 2 ;0 .1 0± 0 .0 1 ,0 .1 2± 0 .0 1。与对照组相比 ,PDE5A1、PDE5A2的mRNA表达 ,在Ber孵育 1h组降低了 32 %和 1 7%,3h组降低了 5 5 %和 71 %,其中尤以应用Ber 3h后PDE5A2的mRNA减少最为明显 (n =5 ,P <0 .0 1 )。　结论 :Ber对NO cGMP信号通路的下游关键酶 (PDE5 )具有一定的调控作用 ,尤其是抑制PDE5A2的mRNA表达 ,为Ber治疗勃起功能障碍的分子机制之一。     

氩激光凝固法对糖尿病性视网膜病变的疗效观察

目的 观察糖尿病性视网膜病变(DR)不同分期者接受氩激光治疗的临床效果。方法 采用科以人2000型氩激光组合激光机对170例263只患眼分别做如下处理：(1)对非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)30眼行局部氩激光凝固术(光凝)；(2)对增殖前期糖尿病视网膜病变(PPDR)156眼行次全视网膜光凝；(3)对增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)77眼行全视网膜光凝，对合并黄斑局限或弥漫性水肿者给予局灶性光凝或格栅样光凝。于光凝后3个月检查。进行视力、眼底、视网膜荧光血管造影，并与治疗前各项结果对比。结果 视力提高92眼(35％)、无变化144眼(55％)、下降27眼(10％)。眼底检查、荧光血管造影复查示：NPDR、PPDR眼视网膜微血管瘤、水肿、渗出消退，荧光渗漏消退占89％。其余11％需补充光凝。PDR眼视网膜、视盘新生血管消退占67％，33％为部分消退需补充光凝。黄斑水肿完全或部分消退占91％，光凝后出现视网膜前灶性出血占8％，玻璃体积血为1％。结论 氩激光对不同分期DR均有效。NPDR、PPDR效果好于PDR眼，后者光凝后荧光血管造影复查以及补充光凝对提高疗效非常必要。     

D4S1647、D6S2414基因座在中国汉族、蒙古族、藏族的遗传多态性

目的 调查D4S1647、D6S2414基因座在中国汉族、蒙古族、藏族群体中的遗传分布规律。方法 采集308份血及唾液标本应用PCR技术，扩增产物用非变性聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳分离，银染显色分析。结果 两位点各群体基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡，每一位点等位基因频率分布在各群体间无显著差异；通过对10个汉族家系的遗传模式分析，证实了两位点等位基因传递遵循孟德尔遗传规律。结论 D4S1647、D6S2414基因座在中国汉族，蒙古族，藏族群体均具有高度遗传多态性。     

血液病患者对健康教育需求的调查与分析

目的　探讨血液病患者及家属对健康教育的需求。方法　选择 4 35例患者填写调查问卷 ,同时随机选择 4 35例患者家属进行了解 ,对结果进行处理。结果　患者及家属对健康教育的需求很高 ,主要集中在治疗、自我保健等方面。结论　针对不同患者的个体差异制订不同的健康教育内容 ,提高了护理质量 ,使患者受益 ;增强了护理人员专业素质 ;建立了新型的护患关系。     

电视胸腔镜下脊柱侧弯前路松解术患者的护理

脊柱侧弯是青少年的多发病,发病率约1%,不但影响美观,也给患者心理健康造成危害,而且严重影响患者的心肺功能,甚至导致截瘫,目前最好的治疗方法是早期手术.     

Potential problem with fluorescence polarization immunoassay cross-reactivity to vancomycin degradation product CDP-1: its detection in sera of renally impaired patients

During the development of a homogeneous immunoassay for the antibiotic vancomycin, we observed in certain patient samples a quantitation difference between the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) method and the comparison method, fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). This prompted us to evaluate the integrity of vancomycin in samples from renally impaired patients. Since it has been reported in the scientific literature that vancomycin degrades into an antibiotically inactive crystalline degradation product (CDP-1) in vitro, we developed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) methods to determine whether CDP-1 is present in patient sera. HPLC and LC/MS analysis on samples from renally impaired patients positively identified CDP-1 in fresh samples. Next, we tested the cross-reactivity of three currently available vancomycin immunoassays, radioimmunoassay (RIA) FPIA, and EMIT, to CDP-1 prepared in our laboratory. Our data suggest that CDP-1 is recognized by FPIA and RIA, both polyclonal antibody-based methods, but not by EMIT, which uses a monoclonal antibody.