Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Findings After Focal Status Epilepticus

Summary: The etiology of cerebral abnormalities after focal status epilepticus (SE) is unknown. Possible causes include hypoxia and the excessive release of excitatory amino acids. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a 21–year-old patient with "cryptogenic" continuous motor seizures showed swelling and signal hyperintensity of the contralateral panetotemporal cortex, the thalamus, and the ipsilateral cerebellum on T₂-weighted images. These regions are connected by glutamatergic pathways. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the cortical lesion yielded a signal peak at the resonance frequency of 2.29 ppm, suggesting a focal increase of glutamate or its degradation product glutamine. At 3–month follow-up, structural alterations had disappeared, but the N-acetylaspartatelcholine ratio was still reduced in the previously abnormal area. These findings are the first to demonstrate the contribution of MRS to pathophysiologic studies of focal SE in humans and, in combination with the pattern of imaging abnormalities, support a major role of glutamate for seizure-related brain damage.     

Aminoalcohol esters of hydroxyboranes. 10. Tetracycline boron Mannich bases as potential antineoplastic agents

Aminoalcohol Esters of Hydroxyboranes, X: Boron Mannich Bases of Tetracycline: Potential Antitumor Agents The synthesis of the boron-containing N-Mannich bases 1 of tetracycline, paraformaldehyde and boron-heterocycles is reported. The condensation product 2 of phenylboronic acid with tetracycline is described. Compound 1b may show some activity against Leukemia P388.     

Über die freie und die gebundene zentralnervöse Hemmungssubstanz der Wirbeltiere

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 5 Textabbildungen     

Osteome der Kopfhaut

Zusammenfassung Anhand eines Falles wird aufgezeigt, daß den Kopfhaut-Osteomen aufgrund gemeinsamer Merkmale mit der Histogenese und Entwicklung der Belegknochen des Schädels eine Sonderstellung in der Hautosteom-Gruppe zukommt. Die Histogenese der Kopfhaut-Osteome rechtfertigt bei Berücksichtigung entwicklungsmechanischer Fakten des Kopfes die Annahme, daß ihre Ausbildung auf Bindegewebe mit knochenbildenden Potenzen beruht, das von der bindegewebig präformierten Schädelkalotte in die Haut/Unterhaut versprengt wurde. Die Kopfhaut-Osteome werden deshalb, im Gegensatz zu den übrigen Haut-Osteomen, den Choristomen zugerechnet.Mit 10 TextabbildungenHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. J. Hämel zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Single-shot antithrombin in human pancreas-kidney transplantation: reduction of reperfusion pancreatitis and prevention of graft thrombosis.

Reperfusion pancreatitis and graft thrombosis often induce early graft loss in simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation. Antithrombin (AT) is a coagulatory inhibitor with pleiotropic activities that reduces experimental ischemia/reperfusion injury. This study retrospectively analyses prophylactic high-dose AT application in patients with first SPK. In an university transplantation center, 53 consecutive patients with SPK were studied without randomization. In one group, 3000 IU of AT was given intravenously before pancreatic reperfusion (AT, n = 24). Patients receiving standard therapy including postoperative AT supplementation (controls, n = 29) served as controls. Daily blood sampling was performed as a part of the clinical routine during four postoperative days. There were no differences in demographic and laboratory parameters [donor/recipient age, ischemia time, perfusion solution, body weight, mismatches] between both groups. Baseline creatinine values were lower in the control group versus AT group (P < 0.05). Coagulatory parameters and bleeding incidence were not influenced by AT, while incidence of graft thrombosis was reduced (control: 7/29; AT: 4/24; relative reduction of risk: -33%; P < 0.05). Single-shot AT application during SPK modulated serum lipase activity on postoperative days 2 and 3, and minimized risk for graft thromboses without increasing perioperative bleeding. This new concept should deserve testing in a prospective clinical trial.