Doc Holliday's dental chair

John Henry Holliday, DDS, was one of the best-known dentists of the United States. However, little is known about his actual practice of dentistry. This article discusses a dental chair that was used by Doc and shows where it fits into his dental life.     

Renal findings and glomerular pathology in diabetic subjects

BACKGROUND: To describe the relationship between proteinuria, hematuria, and renal insufficiency, on one hand, and glomerular pathology, on the other hand, in a consecutive biopsy series of diabetic patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All diabetic subjects (n = 200) biopsied from 1979 to 1995 at Tampere University Hospital were identified in retrospect. The clinician-based indication (any unexplained renal finding) for renal biopsy was consistent during the years and was: proteinuria alone in 68%; combined with hematuria in 10%; with renal insufficiency in 10%; with both in 9%, and with isolated hematuria or renal failure in 3%. One third of the subjects had proteinuria of >/=3 g/24 h and 16% a serum creatinine level of >/=200 microM. Glomerulopathy was found in 171 specimens and defined as nodular diabetic (group A), diffuse diabetic (group B) and primary (group C). The 24-hour urinary protein excretion rate [mean (range)] was 3.5 (1.6-6.9), 1.0 (0.5-3.5), and 3.6 (1.1-6.6) g in groups A, B and C, respectively (ANOVA p = 0.001). The corresponding serum creatinine values [mean (SD)] were 175 (115), 105 (142) and 169 (138) microM (p = 0.001). Results: Nodular diabetic glomerulopathy was found in 40%, diffuse diabetic glomerulopathy in 42% and primary glomerulopathy in 18%. A primary glomerulopathy was found in any indication and in both types of diabetes (prevalence range 14-26%). The best multivariate logistic regression model obtained (chi(2) = 13.5, p = 0.008) in predicting the presence of diabetic glomerulosclerosis (group A + B) in contrast to a primary glomerulopathy (group C) included retinopathy (p = 0.04), renal insufficiency (p = 0.03), hematuria (p = 0.12) and type of diabetes (p = 0.10). CONCLUSION: In this series of diabetic subjects, biopsied due to proteinuria, hematuria and not severe renal insufficiency, 18% had evidence of a primary glomerulopathy.     

X-radiation induces 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation in vivo in rat mammary gland DNA

Ionizing radiation is a carcinogen that induces oxidative DNA damage. 8- Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a relatively abundant, mutagenic lesion that is widely regarded as a reliable index of oxidative DNA damage. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of X- radiation on levels of 8-OHdG in the context of an experimental model for breast cancer in which chronic radiation exposure has been shown to be carcinogenic in Sprague-Dawley rats. A secondary objective of this study was to determine if the use of phenol during DNA isolation affected the concentration of 8-OHdG subsequently measured. Our results indicate that a profoundly carcinogenic dose of radiation induced a small but significant increase in 8-OHdG concentration in mammary gland DNA, and that the use of a phenol-based versus a salt-based method of DNA isolation had no significant impact on the levels of 8-OHdG detected in either control or irradiated tissue.      

Effects of dietary fat and a vegetable-fruit mixture on the development of intestinal neoplasia in the ApcMin mouse

The variation in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence worldwide strongly suggests a role for dietary influences. Based on epidemiological data, protective effects of vegetables and fruit intake on CRC are widely claimed, while other data indicate a possible increased CRC risk from (higher) dietary fat intake. Therefore, we have investigated single and interactive effects of dietary fat and a vegetable-fruit mixture (VFM) in the ApcMin mouse, a mouse model for multiple intestinal neoplasia. In this study, four different diets (A-D) were compared, which were either low in fat (20% energy diets A/B) or high in fat (40% energy diets C/D). In addition, 19.5% (wt/wt) of the carbohydrates in diets B and D were replaced by a freeze-dried VFM. The diets were balanced so that they only differed among each other in fat/carbohydrate content and the presence of specific plant-constituents. Because the initiation of intestinal tumors in ApcMin mice occurs relatively early in life, exposure to the diets was started in utero. Without the addition of VFM, mice maintained at a high-fat diet did not develop significantly higher numbers of small or large intestinal adenomas than mice maintained at a low-fat diet. VFM added to a low-fat diet significantly lowered multiplicity of small intestinal polyps (from 16.2 to 10.2/mouse, 15 animals/group), but not of colon tumors in male ApcMin mice only. Strikingly, addition of VFM to female mice maintained on a low-fat diet and to both sexes maintained on a high-fat diet significantly enhanced intestinal polyp multiplicity (from 16.5 to 26.7 polyps/mouse). In conclusion, our results indicate that neither a lower fat intake nor consumption of VFM included in a high-fat diet decreases the development of polyps in mice genetically predisposed to intestinal tumor development.      

冶炼厂烟尘PM_(2.5)复合污染探讨

目的　通过本研究确定 ,现有除尘设备是否还存在PM2 5复合污染。方法　通过化学、电子显微镜及电子能谱、GC MS等仪器对上述样品多种污染成分及粒径进行定性、定量测定。结果　上述复合污染成分 :水 2 2 % ,有机物 34 75 % ,无机物 4 3 75 %。无机物以Cu、C、Pb、Al为主 ,它们的粒径≤ 1 1μm ,有机污染物14 0多种 ,以酚类及PAHs为主 ,无机物中除铅、砷等重金属 ,还有砷酸、磷酸。结论　在现有除尘设备条件下的冶炼厂烟尘污染为多种重金属、酸性氧化物及几十种有机污染物 (酚类及PAHs)的复合污染 ,它们的粒径分布大多≤ 1 1μm。     

基于马来酰亚胺基团的肠道黏附纳米粒对改善药物口服生物利用度的研究

目的 探索基于马来酰亚胺与肠道黏蛋白共价结合的肠道黏附纳米粒对药物口服生物利用度的影响,构建新型纳米载体用于增强药物口服吸收.方法 通过乳化溶剂挥发法制备包载荧光剂香豆素6的马来酰亚胺肠道黏附纳米粒,对制备的黏附纳米粒与非黏附聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物[poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid),PLGA]...     

1-取代吡唑烷酮类抗惊构效关系的研究

1-正癸基吡唑烷-3-酮(Ⅱ结构式见表1)是欧洲专利报道的一种新型减肥剂。White等报道该化合物可通过血脑屏障,并对γ-氨基丁酸氨基转移酶(GABA-T)有强烈的抑制活性,但对谷氨酸脱羧酶的抑制作用较弱,因此可引起脑内γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)水平的升高,故我们相信应有抗惊活性。经我们合成后,发现Ⅱ确有良好的抗癲痫活性,抗小鼠最大电     

雷奈酸锶对大鼠伴糖尿病牙周炎牙槽骨吸收的影响

目的:探讨雷奈酸锶对大鼠伴糖尿病牙周炎牙槽骨吸收的影响.方法:选取200 g左右雄性大鼠40只随机分为4组:糖尿病大鼠对照组(D)、糖尿病大鼠雷奈酸锶灌胃组(D+Sr)、糖尿病牙周炎组(D+L)、糖尿病牙周炎雷奈酸锶灌胃组(D+L+Sr),给药4周后处死,收集样本检测血清钙、磷和碱性磷酸酶浓度,牙槽骨吸收量和RANKL...