全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11092篇 |
免费 | 488篇 |
国内免费 | 52篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 137篇 |
儿科学 | 119篇 |
妇产科学 | 98篇 |
基础医学 | 1388篇 |
口腔科学 | 245篇 |
临床医学 | 691篇 |
内科学 | 2562篇 |
皮肤病学 | 198篇 |
神经病学 | 907篇 |
特种医学 | 440篇 |
外科学 | 2232篇 |
综合类 | 46篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 419篇 |
眼科学 | 190篇 |
药学 | 921篇 |
中国医学 | 39篇 |
肿瘤学 | 999篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 111篇 |
2021年 | 185篇 |
2020年 | 99篇 |
2019年 | 145篇 |
2018年 | 163篇 |
2017年 | 145篇 |
2016年 | 191篇 |
2015年 | 168篇 |
2014年 | 211篇 |
2013年 | 332篇 |
2012年 | 417篇 |
2011年 | 493篇 |
2010年 | 265篇 |
2009年 | 265篇 |
2008年 | 378篇 |
2007年 | 459篇 |
2006年 | 436篇 |
2005年 | 434篇 |
2004年 | 426篇 |
2003年 | 417篇 |
2002年 | 446篇 |
2001年 | 423篇 |
2000年 | 448篇 |
1999年 | 405篇 |
1998年 | 143篇 |
1997年 | 123篇 |
1996年 | 107篇 |
1995年 | 83篇 |
1994年 | 82篇 |
1993年 | 76篇 |
1992年 | 351篇 |
1991年 | 309篇 |
1990年 | 312篇 |
1989年 | 292篇 |
1988年 | 283篇 |
1987年 | 281篇 |
1986年 | 275篇 |
1985年 | 213篇 |
1984年 | 146篇 |
1983年 | 141篇 |
1982年 | 50篇 |
1981年 | 55篇 |
1979年 | 115篇 |
1978年 | 56篇 |
1977年 | 55篇 |
1974年 | 51篇 |
1973年 | 60篇 |
1972年 | 65篇 |
1970年 | 49篇 |
1969年 | 46篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Toshiharu Mori Nobukazu Okimoto Akinori Sakai Yuichi Okazaki Nariaki Nakura Takuya Notomi Toshitaka Nakamura 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2003,18(11):2002-2009
To investigate the relationship between the effects of bone turnover and bone marrow cell development in bone cells, we developed a mouse voluntary climbing exercise model. Climbing exercise increased bone volume and transient osteogenic potential of bone marrow. This model would be suitable for investigating the mechanistic roles of mechanical loading. INTRODUCTION: The relationship between bone mass gain and local bone formation and resorption in mechanically loaded bone is not well understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-five C57BL/6J mice, 8 weeks of age, were assigned to five groups: a baseline control and two groups each of ground control and climbing exercise mice for 2 and 4 weeks. Mice were housed in a 100-cm tower and had to climb toward a bottle placed at the top to drink water. RESULTS: Compared with the ground control, bone mineral density of the left femur increased in the climbing mice at 4 weeks. At 2 and 4 weeks, bone formation rate (BFR/BS) of periosteal surface, the cross-sectional area, and moment of inertia were increased in the climbing mice, whereas BFR/BS and eroded surface (ES/BS) of endosteal surface did not differ. The trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) of the proximal tibia increased in climbing mice, and osteoclast surface (Oc.S/BS) and osteoclast number decreased at 2 weeks. At 4 weeks, there were increases in BV/TV and parameters of bone formation, including mineralized surface, mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate. In marrow cell cultures from the tibia, the number of alkaline phosphatase+ colony forming units-fibroblastic and the area of mineralized nodule formation in climbing mice were increased, and the number of osteoclast-like TRACP+ multinucleated cells was lower at 2 weeks. At 4 weeks, these parameters recovered to the levels of the ground controls. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that climbing increased trabecular bone volume and reduced bone resorption, with a subsequent increase in bone formation. Intermittent climbing downregulates marrow osteoclastogenic cells and upregulates osteogenic cells initially, but further exercise seemed to desensitize them. Cortical envelopes were enlarged earlier, but the response seems to differ from trabecular bone. 相似文献
52.
53.
54.
55.
Y Terao I Kuwajima Y Suzuki S Ueda M Sakai S Ohkawa S Matsushita K Kuramoto 《Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese journal of geriatrics》1992,29(6):498-502
The clinical features of congestive heart failure in the elderly were investigated in 104 patients (57 males, 47 females, mean age of 79.2). Patients were divided into two subgroups, the readmission group, 33 patients who were readmitted within 6 months after discharge, and the non-readmission group. Chief complaints were dyspnea, edema, chest pain, loss of appetite, chest compression, and palpitation. Heart failure was caused by infection, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, inappropriate drug usage including poor drug compliance, the use of beta-blockers, excessive intake of sodium, and anemia. Careful use of drug was essential especially in the readmission group. Major underlying heart disease were ischemic heart disease (39.4%), valvular disease (26.9%), hypertensive heart disease (9.6%), with cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease seen in the minority. There was no statistically significant difference in underlying heart diseases between the two groups. Supraventricular arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillations, paroxysmal atrial fibrillations, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias, and premature atrial contractions were noted in 85.3% of the cases. Drugs for treatment were diuretics, digitalis, isosorbide dinitrate, calcium antagonists. ACE inhibitors and alpha-blockers were also used, showing that vasodilators were more extensively used than before. The major complications were hypertension (39.4%), renal dysfunction (27.9%), cerebrovascular disease (26.9%), diabetes mellitus (16.5%), arteriosclerosis obliterans (7.7%). Renal dysfunction, arteriosclerosis obliterans was seen significantly more frequently in the readmission group. The prognosis at one year after admission was significantly worse in the readmission group. In summary, the major underlying diseases were ischemic heart disease, valvular disease, and hypertensive heart disease. Ischemic heart disease was seen more frequently than in previous investigations at our hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
56.
Multiple intracerebral hemorrhages due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy after head trauma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K Wakui K Seguchi T Kuroyanagi T Sakai Y Tanaka Y Kamijoh Z Shiozawa 《No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery》1988,16(11):1287-1291
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is an important cause of intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemic cerebrovascular disease in some normotensive elderly patients. The diagnosis is made by proof of amyloid deposition in the vessel wall. A case of recurrent and multiple intracerebral hemorrhages due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy after head injury is reported. A 74-year-old female was referred to our hospital because of head injury. CT scan showed traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraventricular hematoma. Her consciousness was clear but slight disorientation was recognized. Conservative therapy was performed. During the course subcortical hemorrhages occurred five times and during the second one, right frontal and right parietal hemorrhages occurred simultaneously. Her consciousness deteriorated. The second subcortical hemorrhage was especially complicated by a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation. A biopsy of the cortex was performed and pathological examination revealed amyloid deposition in the walls of small pial and cortical vessels. Occasional duplicated wall, obliterative intimal proliferation and disappearance of elastic lamina were recognized. The patient sank into a vegetative state due to recurrent and multiple hemorrhages. CAA results in two possibilities, hemorrhage and ischemic cerebrovascular disease. When lobar or subcortical hemorrhage is encountered in a normotensive elderly patient, the possibility of a CAA-related hemorrhage should be considered. The author carefully emphasizes that there is indication for neurosurgical treatment in CAA patients and proposes that therapy for ischemic cerebrovascular disease should be given special attention. 相似文献
57.
A retrospective study was performed on 11 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation for Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), 3 of whom had fulminant type BCS and 8, chronic type BCS. Both the 3- and 5-year actuarial survival rates were 64%, after one patient with fulminant, and three with chronic disease died of sepsis or multiple organ failure following transplantation. Anticoagulation therapy in the early postoperative period was tailored to each individual patient. Most of the patients received heparin for several days and were then converted to Coumadin therapy, although some were not given heparin in the immediate postoperative period but were instead commenced on oral Coumadin after the prothrombin time had recovered to wihtin the normal range. All the long-term survivors had received Coumadin therapy and there was no recurrence of BCS and no early thrombotic or hemorrhagic event. One patient developed late thrombosis of the portal vein despite having received apparently adequate Coumadin therapy. It was thus concluded that liver transplantation is an effective therapy for both fulminant and chronic BCS, and that immediate postoperative heparinization is not mandatory for all patients. 相似文献
58.
59.
Everson L. A. Artifon Airton Z. Rodrigues Sergio Marques Bhawna Halwan Paulo Sakai Claudio Bresciani Atul Kumar 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(12):1686-1691
Background Exploratory laparoscopy is commonly undertaken in patients with highly suspicious biliary and pancreatic lesions to facilitate
diagnosis and staging cancer is present. If an unresectable tumor is identified, a second endoscopic procedure may be required
do deploy a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for palliation. As endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP) may
be unsuccessful in up to 20% of patients, we evaluated the feasibility and safety of deployment of self-expandable metal stents
at the same time as the initial laparoscopy.
Patients and Methods A total of 23 eligible patients (8 male and 15 female) with malignant obstruction of the common bile duct underwent deployment
of SEMS at laparoscopy. Primary outcome measure was the successful laparoscopic deployment of stent and secondary outcome
measure was complications rates.
Results Indications for stent deployment were unresectable pancreatic cancer in 18, cholangiocarcinoma in two, neuroendocrine tumor
in one and ampullary adenocarcinoma in two patients. The median age was 73 years (range 49–93). Twenty-two of 23 stents were
deployed successfully: 17 stents were deployed transcystically and five via a choledochotomy. Median times for laparoscopic
exploration and SEMS deployment were 165 min (range 105–230) and 20 min (range 10–50), respectively. Pre- and post-procedures
median total bilirubin were 9.4 mg/dl (range 5.4–17.5) and 4.0 (range 2.6–7.1). The median size of the pancreatic mass was
3 cm (range 2–5 cm) and that of the common bile duct (CBD) from 9.2 mm (range 7.2–17.4). The mean duration of laparoscopy
was 170 min (range 120–230 min) and that for stent deployment 23 min (range 10–50 min). Complications included bleeding, obstruction,
and wound infection. Bleeding occurred on day 7 in two patients and on day 30 in one patient; bleeding occurred at the gastrojejunal
anastomosis site and was successfully treated with endoscopic hemostasis. A total of three stent obstructions were identified:
one each at 60, 90, and 120 days follow-up. All complications were successfully managed endoscopically. There were a total
of seven deaths, six as a result of progressive cancer and one of surgical wound infection and ensuing complications.
Conclusion This study demonstrates that laparoscopic deployment of self-expandable metal bile duct stents is feasible and safe. This
option appears to be a reasonable option in patients with inoperable malignant obstruction of the distal common bile duct. 相似文献
60.
Hiroyuki Sakai Masaki Ibe Hidetoshi Takahashi Shinobu Matsuo Kensaku Okamoto Isao Makino Yukio Oomori Hajime Iizuka 《The Journal of dermatology》1996,23(1):42-46
Langerhans cell histiocytosis is currently regarded as a reactive proliferative process of Langerhans cells rather than a malignancy. The disease is characterized by Langerhans cell infiltration of skin, lung, bone and other organs. We report a 74-year-old man with Langerhans cell histiocytosis who had generalized hemorrhagic and crusted papules. He also had diabetes insipidus. Because he did not have any severe constitutional symptoms or failure of vital organs, we applied topical PUVA treatment to his skin lesions, which responded well to the therapy. Diabetes insipidus, however, remained, in spite of X ray radiotherapy for the pituiary lesion. 相似文献