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191.
192.
Prevalence of ciprofloxacin‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the intestinal flora of patients undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy in Norwich,UK
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193.
The aim of the study was to develop simple algorithm for non-invasive estimating probability of the presence of CAD to optimize indications for cardiac catheterization. A prospective collection of clinical, electrocardiography (ECG), exercise electrocardiography (EE), dobutamine stress echocardiography (SE) and catheterization data was performed. All patients (n = 551, 65% male) complaining of chest pain, without prior history of myocardial infarction undergone EE (regarded as positive on the basis of > or = 1 mm ST-depression) SE (ischemia was defined as new or worsening wall motion abnormalities using a 16-segment model) and coronary angiography (CA): CAD was defined as > or = 50% narrowing of at least one major vessel. Two algorithms were developed with the use of probability analysis by computer program which employs Bayes' theory. They incorporated pretest variables: (age, gender, chest pain classification according to Diamond), ECG and results of one or two non-invasive test: EE and (or) SE. The studied population was divided into 3 groups on the basis of pretest likelihood of CAD: 1. low (< 10%), 2. intermediate (10-70%, in man divided into intermediate--low.: 10-29% and intermediate--high: 30-70%) and 3. high (> 70%). RESULTS: The prevalence of CAD in studied population was 61%. The sensitivity of the algorithm is 96% and specificity was 44%. Sensitivity and specificity of EE and SE was respectively: 93%, 21% and 85%, 69%). CONCLUSIONS: 1. An algorithm derived in our study is simple and may be useful in decision making that relates to CA. 2. We showed that when the likelihood of CAD is high on the basis of initial evaluation, diagnostic non-invasive testing is not indicated before CA, when the probability is intermediate or low, implementation of first choice test should be different in women (SE) and men (EE). 相似文献
194.
Adrenal-dependent hypertension syndromes are uncommon forms of hypertension. They include primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, Cushing"s syndrome, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Pheochromocytomas are the cause of hypertension in 0.1% to 0.2% of hypertensive patients. Excess catecholamine release and other neural and humoral mechanisms contribute to the pathophysiology of hypertension. Patients with pheochromocytomas have a potentially curable cause of endocrine hypertension and, if undetected, pheochromocytomas confer a high risk for morbidity and mortality, especially during surgical procedures and pregnancy. All patients with incidental adrenal tumors, regardless of tumor size, should be biochemically screened for pheochromocytoma (especially before resection or needle biopsy) to avoid precipitation of a lethal hypertensive crisis. 相似文献
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Marek Pawlikowski Maria Jaranowska Hanna Pisarek Robert Kubiak Julita Fuss-Chmielewska Katarzyna Winczyk 《Archives of Medical Science》2015,11(6):1314-1317
Introduction
In normal conditions follicle-stimulating hormone receptors (FSHR) are expressed in the ovary and the testis. They can also be expressed in gonadal tumors. However, recently we have found FSHR immunostaining in pituitary adenomas, adrenal tumors and neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids). The aim of this study was to determine whether the same occurs in thyroid tumors.Material and methods
Thirty-six samples of surgically excised thyroids were examined. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptors immunostaining was performed on paraffin sections using the rabbit anti-human FSHR polyclonal antibody raised against a 1-190 amino acid sequence from the human FSHR (sc-13935, Santa Cruz).Results
Normal thyroid follicles do not show immunopositivity for FSHR. The same concerns the majority of benign lesions, diagnosed as hyperplasia nodularis or thyroid adenomas. However, positive FSHR immunostaining in some follicles was observed. In all but one thyroid cancer (15 papillary, 10 follicular cancers and one case of anaplastic thyroid cancer) 10–100% of tumor cells exhibit positive FSHR immunostaining. In about 40% of samples FSHR immunoreactivity can be observed also in the endothelia of intrathyroidal blood vessels. This immunopositivity was more frequent in the samples of thyroid cancers (13/27) than in benign lesions (2/9).Conclusions
Ectopic positive FSHR immunostaining is also present in thyroid cancers, and, to a lesser degree, in benign lesions but not in the normal thyroid epithelium. 相似文献199.
Jacob Hanna Tsufit Gonen-Gross Jonathan Fitchett Tony Rowe Mark Daniels Tal I. Arnon Roi Gazit Aviva Joseph Karoline W. Schjetne Alexander Steinle Angel Porgador Dror Mevorach Debra Goldman-Wohl Simcha Yagel Michael J. LaBarre Jane H. Buckner Ofer Mandelboim 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2015,125(4):1763
200.