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991.
Faramarz Memari Reza Mostafavi Tabatabaee Hamid Borghei Razavi Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad Ahmad Daneshi 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2009,266(9):1373-1380
Resection of the petrous temporal bone to various degrees provides different levels of access to lesions of the posterior
fossa. However, regarding the numerous variations, precise distances of petrosal bone are not still clearly described. This
may lead to serious complications during transpetrosal surgeries. Our objective was to evaluate different distances of temporal
bone landmarks in order to assess their variations and the possible correlations between them. This anatomical study was performed
on 60 temporal bones from 60 human cadavers in the years 2006 and 2007. All the bones contained an adequate portion of the
petrous apex and attached fossa dura. Twelve landmarks were defined and 27 different distances were measured for each temporal
bone using two-point caliper. Less variation was observed in the superoinferior diameter of horizontal carotid canal with
the less coefficient of variation (CV) of 9.29; whereas, the most variation was detected in the inferior (axial) plane of
posterior semicircular canal to superior plane of jugular bulb (CV = 57.65). There was a significant correlation between vertical
intratemporal diameter of carotid in pyramidal direction, and superior–inferior diameter of horizontal carotid canal (r
Pearson = 0.500, P < 0.001). Other significant correlations were also found between other distances. The variations of different distances and
landmarks were evaluated and many significant correlations were demonstrated between them which could potentially aid ENT
specialists and neurosurgeons in order to approach anatomical landmarks and cranial fossas more safely during otologic and
neurotologic surgeries. It could also help the design of middle ear prosthesis. 相似文献
992.
Outcome of living donor renal allograft survival in children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Otukesh H Hoseini R Fereshtehnejad SM Behzadi AH Chalian M Jazayeri M Chalian H Javadi R 《Pediatric transplantation》2009,13(1):39-43
Abstract: FSGS is the most frequent GN that may recur in a renal allograft. Compared with adults, the impact of FSGS on graft survival appears to be more significant in children. Thus we decided to assess graft survival and complications after renal transplantation in children with FSGS. Outcome of renal transplantation in 25 children with FSGS who received a renal transplant at Labafi Nejad Hospital was studied and compared with 75 patients as a control group. The mean follow-up duration was 68.16 (s.d. = 41.93) months. Other than demographics, variables such as DGF, acute rejection, number of acute rejection episodes, and graft failure in both groups were evaluated. Acute rejection was seen in 22/25 (88%) of FSGS group, compared to 40/75 (53.3%) in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.001). DGF was seen in 4/25 (16%) and 13/75 (17.3%) in the FSGS and control groups, respectively (p = N.S.). The mean graft survival time was 115.61 (s.e.m. = 12.56) and 155.56 (s.e.m. = 7.16) month in FSGS and control group, respectively (p = N.S.). We demonstrated that graft function and survival were not significantly different in the FSGS and control patients. However, acute rejection episodes were more common in FSGS patients but without a significant impact on graft survival. 相似文献
993.
Hamid Shokoohi Robert Shesser Jeffrey P. Smith Michael C. Hill Robert Hirsch 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2009
Objectives
The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between cardiac troponin I (cTnI) values and the pulmonary artery obstruction index assessed with spiral computed tomography (CT) scan in emergency department (ED) patients with pulmonary embolism (PE).Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of all 179 ED patients diagnosed with PE between December 2004 and January 2007. Study population consisted of 104 (58.1%) of 179 patients with PE in whom both cTnI was measured and a contemporaneously performed CT scan was available for review. In these patients, the levels of cTnI measured in the ED were correlated with the degree of pulmonary vascular obstruction determined by applying the modified Computed Tomography Obstruction Index to the spiral CT scan performed in the ED.Results
Troponin values were elevated in 20 (19.2%) of 104 patients (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.6-26.8) with a mean cTnI concentration of 0.38 ± 0.44 μg/L. Elevated cTnI value had a significant correlation with main pulmonary arteries involvement using the modified Computed Tomography Obstruction Index score (P = .0001). Elevated ED cTnI value had 53.8% (95% CI, 37.6-66) sensitivity and 92.3% (95% CI, 87-96.4) specificity, 70% (95% CI, 49-86) PPV, and 85.7% (95% CI, 80.7-90) NPV for predicting main pulmonary artery obstruction on CT. Increased cTnI values were highly correlated to intensive care unit admission of patients with PE (RR, 12.83; 95% CI, 3.87-42.4).Conclusions
Measuring cTnI value might be considered in ED patients who are suspected of having PE. Elevated cTnI should raise the clinician's concern for the possibility of central pulmonary vascular obstruction. 相似文献994.
Aim
Mild hypothermia is increasingly applied in the intensive care unit. Knowledge on the effects of hypothermia on respiratory parameters during mechanical ventilation is limited. In this retrospective study, we describe the effect of hypothermia on gas exchange in patients cooled for 24 h after a cardiac arrest.Methods
Respiratory parameters were derived from electronic patient files from 65 patients at the start and end of the hypothermic phase and at every centigrade increase in body temperature until normo-temperature, including tidal volume, positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), plateau pressure, respiratory rate, exhaled CO2 concentrations (etCO2) and FIO2. Static compliance was calculated as VT/Pplateau − PEEP. Dead space ventilation was calculated as (PaCO2 − etCO2)/PaCO2.Results
During hypothermia, PaCO2 decreased, at unchanged PaCO2-etCO2 gap and minute ventilation. During rewarming, PaCO2 did not change, while etCO2 increased at unchanged minute ventilation. Dead space ventilation did not change during hypothermia, but lowered during rewarming. During hypothermia, PaO2/FIO2 ratio increased at unchanged PEEP levels. Respiratory static compliance did not change during hypothermia, nor during rewarming.Conclusion
Hypothermia possibly improves oxygenation and ventilation in mechanically ventilated patients. Results may accord with the hypothesis that reducing metabolism with applied hypothermia may be beneficial in patients with acute lung injury, in whom low minute ventilation results in severe hypercapnia. 相似文献995.
996.
Zardouz S Shahriari SR Djalilian HR 《Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery》2010,136(12):1280; author reply 1280
997.
Expression of IL-15 in inflammatory pulmonary diseases 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Shigeo Muro MD PhDa Rame Taha MDa Anne Tsicopoulos MD PhDb Ron Olivenstein MDa Andre-Bernard Tonnel MDb Pota Christodoulopoulos MSca Benoit Wallaert MDb Qutayba Hamid MD PhDa 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2001,108(6):970-975
BACKGROUND: IL-15 is a T(H)1-related cytokine that shares many biologic activities with IL-2. Both cytokines bind a specific alpha subunit, and they share the same beta and gamma common receptor subunits for signal transduction. IL-15 has recently been shown to be upregulated in T cell-mediated inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the role and expression of IL-15 in inflammatory lung disease has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: In the present study we have evaluated the expression of IL-15 mRNA and protein in bronchial biopsy specimens obtained from patients with sarcoidosis (n = 8), tuberculosis (n = 7), chronic bronchitis (n = 10), and bronchial asthma (n = 8) and compared its expression with that seen in normal control subjects (n = 11). METHODS: In situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry were used to detect the number of cells expressing IL-15 mRNA and protein, respectively, within sections of bronchial tissues from all subject groups. In addition, double immunocytochemistry was used to characterize the cellular source of IL-15. RESULTS: The number of IL-15(+) cells was significantly higher within tissue from patients with sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and chronic bronchitis compared with that in asthmatic patients and normal control subjects. Similar results were obtained for IL-15 immunoreactivity by using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, double immunostaining revealed that neutrophils and macrophages are the major source of IL-15. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the expression of IL-15 may be associated with T(H)1-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases of the lung. 相似文献
998.
Angela Stufano Hamid Reza Jahantigh Francesco Cagnazzo Francesca Centrone Daniela Loconsole Maria Chironna Piero Lovreglio 《Viruses》2021,13(9)
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) belong to the delta group of retroviruses which may cause a life-long infection in humans, HTLV-1 leading to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and other diseases. Different transmission modes have been described, such as breastfeeding, and, as for other blood-borne pathogens, unsafe sexual activity, intravenous drug usage, and blood transfusion and transplantation. The present systematic review was conducted to identify all peer-reviewed studies concerning the work-related infection by HTLV-1/2. A literature search was conducted from January to May 2021, according to the PRISMA methodology, selecting 29 studies: seven related to health care workers (HCWs), five to non-HCWs, and 17 to sex workers (SWs). The findings showed no clear evidence as to the possibility of HTLV-1/2 occupational transmission in HCWs, according to the limited number and quality of the papers. Moreover, non-HCWs showed a higher prevalence in jobs consistent with a lower socioeconomic status or that could represent a familial cluster, and an increased risk of zoonotic transmission from STLV-1-infected non-human primates has been observed in African hunters. Finally, a general increase of HTLV-1 infection was observed in SWs, whereas only one paper described an increased prevalence for HTLV-2, supporting the urgent need for prevention and control measures, including screening, diagnosis, and treatment of HTLV-1/2, to be offered routinely as part of a comprehensive approach to decrease the impact of sexually transmitted diseases in SWs. 相似文献
999.
1000.