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51.
Thomas Ruffing Tilmann Rückauer Frederic Bludau Alexander Hofmann Markus Muhm Arnold J Suda 《Injury》2019,50(2):607-612
Introduction
Compression fractures of the cuboid bone in children and adolescents are rare. Fracture morphology, associated lesions, treatment options and long-term outcomes of this very rare injury are published in a few case reports. This study with review of the literature aims to support the understanding of fracture pattern and optimize pathways of decision making.Material and Methods
A retrospective two-center study was performed in a patient cohort treated between 2001 and 2016. All patients aged less than 18 years who sustained a cuboid fracture were included. Age, gender, mechanism of injury, fracture morphology, amount of displacement, associated injuries, and therapy were analyzed. In the follow-up (FU), the AOFAS Midfoot Scale was investigated.Results
Fractures of the cuboid bone were diagnosed in 7 boys and 9 girls. The mean age of the patients was 10 years (range: 2.2–16.1 years). According to the classification of Fenton we detected 11 (69%) type 2, 2 (12%) type 3 and 3 (19%) type 5b fractures. Other fracture types according to Fenton were not observed. All children under 10 years sustained a type 2 fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed in 5 (31%) patients. Bone grafting was not necessary. FU was performed in 14/16 patients on average after 9 years (mean; range: 1.4–16.2 years). The mean AOFAS Midfoot Scale at FU for extra-articular type 2 fractures was 100 points, whereas in intra-articular fractures (Type 3) and fractures associated with mid-tarsal disruption (type 5b) worse results were found (95 and 66 points, accordingly).Conclusion
This rare injury shows inhomogenous morphologies and offers different treatment approaches. Extra-articular Fenton type 2 lesions are the most common type of cuboid fracture in children (69%). A potential loss of length of the lateral column must be considered. In contrast to adults, type 1, 4, and 5a fractures were not found in our cohort of children and adolescents. Lower scores of the AOFAS Midfoot Scale were found with either intra-articular involvement or associated midfoot lesions. 相似文献52.
Elizabeth D. Krebs Robert B. Hawkins J. Hunter Mehaffey Clifford E. Fonner Alan M. Speir Mohammed A. Quader Jeffrey B. Rich Leora T. Yarboro Nicholas R. Teman Gorav Ailawadi 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(4):1533-1542.e2
Objectives
Expedient extubation after cardiac surgery has been associated with improved outcomes, leading to postoperative extubation frequently during overnight hours. However, recent evidence in a mixed medical-surgical intensive care unit population demonstrated worse outcomes with overnight extubation. This study investigated the impact of overnight extubation in a statewide, multicenter Society of Thoracic Surgeons database.Methods
Records from 39,812 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or valve operations (2008-2016) and extubated within 24 hours were stratified according to extubation time between 06:00 and 18:00 (day) or between 18:00 and 6:00 (overnight). Outcomes including reintubation, mortality, and composite morbidity-mortality were evaluated using hierarchical regression models adjusted for Society of Thoracic Surgeons predictive risk scores. To further analyze extubation during the night, a subanalysis stratified patients into 3 groups: 06:00 to 18:00, 18:00 to 24:00, and 24:00 to 06:00.Results
A total of 20,758 patients were extubated overnight (52.1%) and were slightly older (median age 66 vs 65 years, P < .001) with a longer duration of ventilation (4 vs 7 hours, P < .001). Day and overnight extubation were associated with equivalent operative mortality (1.7% vs 1.7%, P = .880), reintubation (3.7% vs 3.4%, P = .141), and composite morbidity-mortality (8.2% vs 8.0%, P = .314). After risk adjustment, overnight extubation was not associated with any difference in reintubation, mortality, or composite morbidity-mortality. On subanalysis, those extubated between 24:00 and 06:00 exhibited increased composite morbidity-mortality (odds ratio, 1.18; P = .001) but no difference in reintubation or mortality.Conclusions
Extubation overnight was not associated with increased mortality or reintubation. These results suggest that in the appropriate clinical setting, it is safe to routinely extubate cardiac surgery patients overnight. 相似文献53.
Ángel Becerra Héctor Trujillo Lucía Valencia Aurelio Rodríguez‐Pérez 《Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology》2019,69(2):200-203
Background and objectives
A prompt and effective management of trauma patient is necessary. The aim of this case report is to highlight the importance of intraoperative echocardiography as a useful tool in patients suffering from refractory hemodynamic instability no otherwise explained.Case report
A 41 year‐old woman suffered a car accident. At the emergency department, no abnormalities were found in ECG or chest X‐ray. Abdominal ultrasound revealed the presence of abdominal free liquid and the patient was submitted to urgent exploratory laparotomy. Nevertheless, she persisted suffering arterial hypotension and metabolic acidosis. Looking for the reason of her hemodynamic instability, intraoperative transthoracic echocardiography was performed, finding out the presence of pericardial effusion. Once the cardiac surgeon extracted pericardial clots, patient's situation improved clinically and analytically.Conclusion
Every anesthesiologist should be able to use the intraoperative echocardiography as an effective tool in order to establish the appropriate measures to promote the survival of patients suffering severe trauma. 相似文献54.
55.
Whitney S. Brandt Wanpu Yan Jian Zhou Kay See Tan Joseph Montecalvo Bernard J. Park Prasad S. Adusumilli James Huang Matthew J. Bott Valerie W. Rusch Daniela Molena William D. Travis Mark G. Kris Jamie E. Chaft David R. Jones 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(2):743-753.e3
Objective
Comparative survival between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer has not been extensively studied.Methods
Patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer who received platinum-based chemotherapy were retrospectively identified. Exclusion criteria included stage IV disease, induction radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. The primary end point was disease-free survival. Secondary end points were overall survival, chemotherapy tolerance, and ability of Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors response to predict survival. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, compared using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards models, and stratified using matched pairs after propensity score matching.Results
In total, 330 patients met the inclusion criteria (n = 92/group after propensity-score matching; median follow-up, 42 months). Five-year disease-free survival was 49% (95% confidence interval, 39-61) for neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus 48% (95% confidence interval, 38-61) for adjuvant chemotherapy (P = .70). On multivariable analysis, disease-free survival was not associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.64-1.90; P = .737), nor was overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.63-2.30; P = .572). The neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was more likely to receive full doses and cycles of chemotherapy (P = .014/0.005) and had fewer grade 3 or greater toxicities (P = .001). Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with disease-free survival (P = .035); 15% of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (14/92) had a major pathologic response.Conclusions
Timing of chemotherapy, before or after surgery, is not associated with an improvement in overall or disease-free survival among patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer who undergo complete surgical resection. 相似文献56.
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