绞股蓝总甙复合国产1号避孕片对健康妇女脂类代谢及血压的影响

本研究将180名已婚、一孩、年龄33±5岁,需要使用避孕措施的健康妇女随机分成6组,即IUD组、绞股蓝总甙加IUD组、1号OC片组、40mg、60mg、80mg绞股蓝总甙分别与1号OC片复合的3个试验组.用双盲法给药,连续服用6个月观察脂类代谢和血压的变化.结果显示:以IUD组和1号OC片组的数据为参比值.服用不同剂量绞股蓝总甙复合口服避孕药后无升高TG和TC的趋势,有显著升高HDL-C作用和使APOA_1水平上升的趋势;亦存在降低收缩压的趋势,对舒张压无明显影响,但在服药后3个月时HDL-C水平曾发生暂时性下降.     

去甲氧柔红霉素联合方案治疗难治性急性淋巴细胞白血病的远期疗效

目的探讨应用去甲氧柔红霉素（ＩＤ）为主的联合化疗方案治疗难治性儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ）的远期疗效及其临床应用价值。方法初治诱导缓解方案用ＶＩＬＰ（长春新碱、去甲氧柔红霉素、左旋门冬酰胺酶、泼尼松）。完全缓解（ＣＲ）后作巩固治疗及庇护所治疗，然后再用ＶＩＬＰ作早期强化治疗。复发者诱导治疗用ＩＡ（去甲氧柔红霉素、阿糖胞苷）方案。ＣＲ后巩固和早期强化治疗用初治者同样方案。结果１０例初治患儿９例获ＣＲ，７例复治患儿５例获ＣＲ，总ＣＲ率为８２％（１４／１７）。ＣＲ的１４例中持续ＣＲ（ＣＣＲ）＞３年者４例，＞２年者４例，＞１年者１例。结论用去甲氧柔红霉素为主的联合方案是治疗难治性儿童ＡＬＬ有效的方法，对初治患儿作为一线药物其远期疗效会更好。     

肺癌肺叶袖状切除术的安全性和有效性

目的:评价肺癌肺叶袖状切除术后患者的手术安全性和远期生存状况.方法:回顾分析了1999年10月至2003年12月行肺癌根治术的94名病例,其中肺叶袖状切除术11例(Ⅰ组),全肺切除术17例(Ⅱ组),肺叶切除术66例(Ⅲ组).通过比较三组术后气管插管时间、ICU停留时间、吻合口并发症率及围手术期死亡率,评价肺叶袖状切除术的手术安全性,比较Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间的生存期和转移复发率探讨其远期有效性.组间率比较用x2检验或Fisher精确检验,均数比较用t检验,生存分析用Kaplan-Meier法,生存曲线比较用Log rank检验.显著性差异标准α=0.05.结果:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的手术死亡率为0,11.8%,3.0%,组间无显著性差异;平均气管插管时间为0.5±2.3天,2.0±7.2天,0.6±4.1天(Ⅰ、ⅢVSⅡ组,P＜0.05);吻合口并发症率为3.0%,0,5.8%,组间无显著性差异.Ⅰ组1年、3年生存率为45.5%、32.5%,Ⅱ组为58.8%、45.8%.两组生存率、远期局部复发率和转移率无显著性差异.结论:肺癌肺叶袖状切除术具有和肺叶切除术相近的手术安全性,优于全肺切除术,而其复发转移率、远期疗效与后者相近,是安全有效的手术方式.     

鲎抗内毒素因子模拟肽4的体外生物活性实验研究

目的研究鲎抗内毒素因子模拟肽4(modeling peptide 4 from the Limulus anti—lipopolysaccharide factor，M4)体外中和内毒素的活性。方法研究以对内毒素高亲和力的多粘菌素B(polymyxin B．PMB)为对照，M4设80、40、20、10、5μmol／L浓度，结合内毒素的活性以生物传感技术分析；中和内毒素的能力以鲎试验动态浊度法测定；对LPS刺激THP-1细胞释放TNF-α的影响采用ELISA试剂盒定量观察。结果M4具有较好的内毒素亲和力和中和活性，在5、10、20、40和80μmol／L浓度时对内毒素2EU／ml(1EU约等于100pg)的中和率分别为43．44％、47．76％、63．12％、81．54％和84．54％，呈明显的浓度梯度效应．20μmol／L以上浓度时与PMB作用相当。对THP-1细胞释放TNF—α的影响结果显示，M4可明显抑制LPS刺激的TNF—α释放，但M4本身具有诱导THP-1细胞释放TNF—α的作用。结论M4具有较强的中和内毒素活性，值得进一步深入研究。     

γD基因变异与青少年遗传性白内障发病的分子机制研究

目的 通过对一青少年遗传性白内障家系发病患者γD基因的分析，探讨该基因变异在白内障发病中的作用。方法 运用基凶扩增、克隆、变异分析的方法，研究该家族中不同患者γD基因的变异情况。结果 同一家族中5例患者出现3种不同核苷酸变异，个别核苷酸的突变并未引起编码氨基酸的改变。结论 同一家族不同自内障患者出现不同的γD基因变异现象为研究青少年遗传性白内障发病的分子机制提供了理论依据。     

Effect of ATP-potassium channel opener nicorandil on long-term cardiac preservation

BACKGROUND: ATP-sensitive potassium channels have been shown to be one of the important protective mechanisms for the ischemic myocardium. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of nicorandil, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, on myocardium during 6 hours hypothermic preservation. METHODS: Preserved rat hearts were randomly divided into 4 groups according to cardioplegia and preservation protocols as follows: (1) histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK) for both cardioplegic and immersing solutions (group A); (2) nicorandil-added HTK for cardioplegic solution and nicorandil-free HTK for immersing solution (group B); (3) nicorandil-free HTK for cardioplegic solution and nicorandil-added HTK for immersing solution (group C); and (4) nicorandil-added HTK for both cardioplegic and immersing solutions (group D). RESULTS: The recovery of postischemic cardiac function, including left ventricular developed pressure and end-diastolic pressure, was significantly improved in group B and group C as compared with the other groups (p<0.05). Postischemic intracellular calcium concentration was significantly lower in group B and group C than in group A (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that nicorandil-induced hyperpolarizing arrest could reduce ischemia-derived myocyte injury and inhibit the influx of calcium into the myocytes in long-term cardiac preservation.     

Phylogenetic reconstruction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within four settings of the Caribbean region: tree comparative analyse and first appraisal on their phylogeography.

In order to compare phylogenetic methods and to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the tubercle bacilli, a set of macro-array-based genotyping data of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates (called spoligotyping for spacer oligonucleotide typing, which assays the variability of the Direct Repeat -DR- locus), was analyzed in four settings of the Caribbean region (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Cuba and Haiti). A set of 47 alleles, split into 26 shared and 21 unique alleles) representative of 321 individual M. tuberculosis clinical isolates from patients residing in the above regions was studied. The following methods (and software in brackets) were investigated: numerical taxonomy distance methods (TAXOTRON), maximum parsimony procedure (PAUP), median-joining networks (NETWORK), and nested clade analysis (GEODIS). Results using these methods were analyzed, compared and discussed. The latter method (GEODIS) was investigated in detail by introducing geographical data together with genetic variability results to detect a link between population structure and population history, and to test the null hypothesis of no association between geography and genotypes. Irrespective of the methods used, our findings demonstrate that a core structure of four families (or clades) of M. tuberculosis strains is highly prevalent within the islands studied, indirectly reflecting passed colonization history of these different settings. Specificity of M. tuberculosis genotypes in each of the islands is discussed in the light of their respective colonial and contemporary histories.     

益肾活血胶囊抗病毒性心肌炎的实验研究

目的　探讨益肾活血胶囊对病毒性心肌炎的治疗作用。方法　选用BALB/C小鼠 6 0只,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、益肾活血胶囊组、阳性药物组,每组分别给药后,测定LDH和AST含量,并进行组织病理学检测,各区测定值采用t检验进行组间比较。结果　益肾活血组小鼠LDH、AST水平较模型组明显降低,(p <0 0 0 1);组织病理学检测发现,心脏组织病理改变程度较模型组明显减轻。结论　益肾活血胶囊对于病毒性心肌炎模型小鼠有一定的治疗作用。     

高压氧预处理对宫内缺血缺氧大鼠脑组织及血浆神经肽Y含量的影响

目的 :探讨高压氧 (HBO)预处理对宫内缺血缺氧大鼠脑组织及血浆神经肽Y含量的影响。方法 :采用放射免疫法测定 2 5例正常胎鼠 (对照组 )、2 7例宫内缺血缺氧胎鼠 (缺血缺氧组 )及 1 9例经高压氧预处理宫内缺血缺氧胎鼠 (HBO组 )中枢及外周血神经肽Y的含量。结果 :HBO组胎鼠脑及外周血神经肽Y的含量分别为 52 .64±1 2 .1 6pg/mg及 1 99.51± 49.36ng/L ,缺血缺氧组胎鼠脑及外周血神经肽Y的含量分别为87.2 5± 2 3.63pg/mg及 2 51 .53±55 .2 8ng/L ,对照组胎鼠神经肽Y含量为 48.63± 1 0 .72pg/mg及 1 4 7.35± 31 .49ng/L ;与对照组相比 ,缺血缺氧组胎鼠中枢及外周神经肽Y含量均显著升高 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;HBO组神经肽Y含量显著低于缺血缺氧组 (P <0 .0 5)。结论 :神经肽Y与围生期缺血缺氧的发生密切相关 ,HBO预处理具有改善宫内缺血缺氧的作用 ,其机理可能与抑制神经肽Y的生成有关