IL—1,IL—6,TNF对人TMJ滑膜细胞蛋白合成的影响

目的：研究人ＴＭＪ滑膜细胞（ＳＭＣ）蛋白质合成能力，与其它组织细胞的差异，及细胞因子对这方面的影响。方法：采用体外培养的ＳＭＣ、ＴＧＣ、ＮＭＣ３种细胞及无血清培养液，应用紫外分光光度仪在２８０ｎｍ波长处，对培养上清中的蛋白含量进行测定，并与加用ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦ后蛋白质合成的量进行对比观察。结果：正常状态下，ＴＧＣ蛋白合成量最高，ＯＤ值达０．１４，而ＳＭＣ最低，为０．０７９。在加用细胞因子作用４８ｈ后，ＳＭＣ蛋白含量达到０．１１７，提高３０％，而ＴＧＣ、ＮＭＣ却下降１０％～３０％。结论：正常状态下ＳＭＣ合成蛋白质成份较其它细胞少，而细胞因子可刺激ＳＭＣ蛋白质合成增加，这些蛋白成份中可能具有影响关节炎症的物质。     

唾液对体外培养NIH—3T3及MEC—1细胞粘附的影响

目的：探讨人唾液对正常及肿瘤细胞在体外粘附有无不同影响。方法：接种ＮＩＨ—３Ｔ３及ＭＥＣ－１细胞在预先涂有或未涂唾液的２４孔培养板上，用细胞计数法分别在接种后２、４、６和８ｈ计数贴壁细胞。结果：ＮＩＨ－３Ｔ３细胞及ＭＥＣ－１细胞在涂有唾液的塑料底物上在２、４、６、和８ｈ其贴壁抑制率分别为３５％、４１％、２６％、３４％和１０％、９％、８％、４％。结论：人全唾液能抑制体外培养的ＮＩＨ－３Ｔ３细胞的粘附，但对ＭＥＣ－１细胞的影响不大。     

A point mutation of the ED1 gene in a Japanese family with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (EDA) is characterized by the hypoplasia or absence of hair, teeth and sweat glands. In this study, the authors investigated the ED1 gene in a Japanese family with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. The only affected male fulfils the diagnostic criteria for this disorder. His parents were not consanguineous and both of them were healthy. After informed consent, genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood lymphocytes or oral buccal epithelial cells of all members of the family. A polymerase chain reaction fragment containing exon 9 of the ED1 gene was amplified using primers. The patient's amplified fragment, as well as those from his father, mother and sister, were directly sequenced. The sequence from the patient revealed a point mutation (G1149A) in exon 8 of the ED1 gene, which changes codon 291 from glycine to arginine. Heterozygosity was demonstrated in his mother and sister. This mutation has not been reported previously. The amino acid substitution is predicted to disrupt the transmembrane domain, which strongly implies that this is the disease-causing mutation in the family.     

Effect of a peripheral NMDA receptor antagonist on glutamate-evoked masseter muscle pain and mechanical sensitization in women

AIMS: To test the hypothesis that local injection of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine would significantly attenuate glutamate-evoked masseter mechanical sensitization and muscle pain in healthy young women either taking oral contraceptives (W+OC) or not taking oral contraceptives (W-OC). METHODS: Experimental pain was evoked in 47 healthy female subjects (W+OC, n=25; W-OC, n=22) by 2 injections of glutamate (0.2 mL, 1 mol/L) into the masseter muscle. A first injection of glutamate alone was followed by a second injection, 35 minutes later, of glutamate combined with ketamine (0, 1, or 10 mmol/L). Evoked pain intensity was scored on a 10-cm electronic visual analog scale (VAS). Distribution of perceived pain was drawn on a lateral view of the face (pain drawing). Masseter muscle pressure pain thresholds (PPT) and pressure-pain tolerances (PPTOL) were determined bilaterally before and at regular time intervals after injections. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to test the data. RESULTS: There were no main effects of ketamine on any of the VAS pain parameters or on the pain drawing (ANOVAs: P > .055). Furthermore, there were no differences in PPT, PPTOL, VAS peak pain, duration, overall VAS pain, or pain drawing when W-OC were compared with W+OC (ANOVAs: P > .087). Repeated injection of glutamate alone significantly decreased PPT and PPTOL (ANOVAs: P < .001); however, this effect was not significantly attenuated by ketamine. CONCLUSIONS: Peripherally administered ketamine had no effect on glutamate-evoked masseter muscle pain and sensitization in healthy young women, which contrasts with recent observations in healthy young men. Further studies will be needed to reveal the mechanisms that underlie this apparent sex-related difference in ketamine-mediated analgesia.     

Common implant esthetic complications

Today, osseointegration of implants is readily attainable with high long-term survival rates. Consequently, clinicians are now focusing on improving implant esthetics and are starting to incorporate this parameter into their definition of implant success. However, studies measuring factors that affect implant esthetics and implant esthetic outcomes are lacking in the literature. A satisfactory esthetic outcome requires the clinician to be aware of the different factors affecting esthetics during the preplanning, surgical, and prosthetic phases of implant placement. This article addresses the etiologies of esthetic complications during each of these 3 phases and provides preventive and corrective treatment suggestions for these situations.     

Influence of sex hormones on the periodontium

OBJECTIVES: Sex hormones have long been considered to play an influential role on periodontal tissues, bone turnover rate, wound healing and periodontal disease progression. The objectives of this review article are to (1) address the link between sex hormones and the periodontium, (2) analyse how these hormones influence the periodontium at different life times and (3) discuss the effects of hormone supplements/replacement on the periodontium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two autonomous searches were performed in English language utilizing Medline, Premedline and Pubmed as the online databases. Publications up to 2002 were selected and further reviewed. In addition, a manual search was also performed including specific related journals and books. RESULTS: It is certain that sexual hormones play a key role in periodontal disease progression and wound healing. More specifically, these effects seem to differentiate by gender as well as lifetime period. In addition, the influence of sex hormones can be minimized with good plaque control and with hormone replacement. CONCLUSION: Despite profound research linking periodontal condition with sex hormones kinetics, more definitive molecular mechanisms and therapy still remain to be determined.     

三维放疗计划优化技术减少头颈部癌放射性口干症

目的：观察三维放疗计划优化技术减少头颈部癌放射性口干症的效果。方法：对三类头颈部癌（肿瘤位中线、偏一侧、近中线偏一侧）按常规放疗和优化技术分别作三维放疗计划。放疗优化技术包括放射进路优化、多野、适形放疗和加楔形板。对患者的肿瘤、腮腺和脊髓作三维剂量分布和剂量一容积DVH直方图分析。20例头颈部癌放疗患者分成常规放疗组和新技术（优化）组行放射治疗，记录放疗前、放疗中、放疗后及随访期患者的口干症评分和全唾液量。结果：肿瘤位一侧及近中线偏一侧时，常规和新技术放疗时健侧腮腺放射剂量分别为51.8-64.3Gy和0.4-1.4Gy；肿瘤位中线时常规和新技术放疗腮腺放射剂量分别为51.8Gy和24.7Gy；放疗结束时，新技术组口干症发生率1/12（8.3％）。随访4-6月后降为0，放疗结束时常规放疗组口干症发生率7/8（87.5％），随访4-6月后为4/8（50％）。结论：三维放疗计划优化技术可以明显减少头颈部癌患者放疗后口干症的发生。     

30%双氧水浸泡后对牙本质中钙/磷含量的影响

目的针对临床型漂白剂在使用中直接接触牙颈部暴露的牙本质和通过牙釉质渗透到牙本质的特点,观察30%双氧水对牙本质中的Ca/P的影响.方法实验组7颗离体牙浸泡在30%双氧水24小时后,对照组5颗离体牙浸泡在生理盐水中24小时后,两组使用OCPC法对浸泡液中的Ca离子含量进行测定,同时运用Fiske-Subbarow法对浸泡液中的磷酸根含量进行测定.然后两组进行统计学比较分析.结果实验组30%双氧水浸泡液中Ca/P含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01).说明在30%双氧水浸泡过程中发生了明显脱矿现象.结论 30%双氧水对牙本质有脱矿作用,建议在使用临床型漂白治疗后应加以再矿化和防龋措施.     

高角儿童面颈部肌肉的肌电活动研究

目的研究高角儿童在不同下颌运动时面颈部肌肉的肌电活动情况。方法用BioEMGⅡ型肌电图仪同步记录14名高角儿童和16名均角儿童在不同下颌运动时双侧颞肌前束(TA)、咬肌(MM)、胸锁乳突肌(SCM)和二腹肌前腹(DA)的肌电活动。结果下颌息止位时,高角组TA、DA和SCM的肌电活动低于均角组,有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);最大紧咬时,高角组TA和MM的肌电活动低于均角组,有统计学意义(P<0.05);咀嚼口香糖时,高角组MM的肌电活动低于均角组,有统计学意义(P<0.05);吞咽时高角组DA的肌电活动低于均角组,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同下颌运动时,高角儿童和均角儿童面颈部肌肉的肌电活动差异有所不同;面颈部肌肉的肌电活动可能与颅面垂直形态有关。