Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in hospital staff and its antibiotic sensitivity in Enugu, Nigeria.

The nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus was investigated in 475 hospital staff of different categories. The overall carriage was 34.42 per cent with a significantly higher rate in females (67.53 per cent) than in males (23.81 per cent). Nurses, orderlies and attending physicians had a higher carriage rate than other categories of staff investigated. The rate was higher in personnel working in accident, neonatal and postnatal wards than in other wards. As many as 51.94 per cent of the strains of S. aureus were resistant to penicillin while 22.72 per cent of them were resistant to ampicillin.     

Cross sectional study of use of alternative medicines in Chinese cancer patients

The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of alternative medicine consumption in Chinese cancer patients on active conventional treatment. A cross sectional survey of 100 consecutive advanced cancer patients admitted to a cancer clinical trial referral unit were personally interviewed by their assigned oncology research nurse using a specially designed questionnaire. The results showed that 64% of our patients used indigenous Chinese medication. In all age groups except the over-70s (P = 0.043), > 50% took such medication, more female (76%) than male (57.6%) patients (P = 0.323). Patients of all educational levels (P = 0.062) and religious backgrounds (P = 0.08) consumed alternative medicines. Duration of alternative medication consumption was less than three months in 50% of patients, with costs between US$40 and 2000/month for 70% of patients. Reasons cited for alternative medication consumption was hope that it might be of some benefit to their well being or disease control, and maybe even result in a miracle cure. Sources of advice on medication were mostly from strangers (by word of mouth), family, friends, the media, and infrequently from qualified professional Chinese doctors. Reasons for discontinuing such treatment were mostly given as lack of positive effect. In conclusion, Chinese cancer patients, willingly, rampantly and non-selectively seek out and consume alternative medications, with almost total ignorance of the medication consumed, oblivious to any potential side effects, and with little subjective benefit.      

Maintenance of growth in cystic fibrosis despite reduction in pancreatic enzyme supplementation

Twenty one children with cystic fibrosis were advised to decrease their pancreatic enzyme supplement (PES) dose to less than 10,000 units lipase/kg/day. Mean PES dosage was significantly decreased in 15 patients from 18,380 to 8647 units lipase/kg/day. There were no significant changes in energy or fat intake, but there were significant increases in weight SD score, height SD score, and weight/height ratio.     

高效毛细管电泳/前沿分析及其在手性药性药物-蛋白结合研究中的应用

目的：综述了高效毛细管电泳／前沿分析（HPCE／FA）方法的原理、特点、及其在手性药物－蛋白结合研究中的应用。方法：采用HPCE／FA方法。结果：不同的手性药物对映体与蛋白结合可能存在判别,同一药物对映体之间与不同蛋白结合率可能存在差别,HPCE／FA仅需极少量样品即可同时测定手性药物各对映体在蛋白结合中的游离浓度。结论：HPCE／FA是一种高效、分析迅速、样本用量极少的研究蛋白结合方法,特别是对于手性药物与昂贵不易获得的蛋白结合研究。     

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in Kawasaki disease: a case report

A 3-year-old boy presented with the fever, conjunctivitis, rash, and lymphadenopathy diagnostic of Kawasaki disease. Treatment with antibiotics, aspirin, and intravenous immunoglobulin was instituted. The hematocrit decreased from 35 percent on admission to 11 percent by hospital Day 10, and the white cell count had increased from 13.7 to 42 × 10(3) per microL, and the patient had a leukoerythroblastic blood smear. The direct antiglobulin test demonstrated IgG but not complement on the red cell (RBC) surface. An acid eluate reacted (titer of 4) with all panel cells in the antiglobulin phase. Intravenous immunoglobulin from the same lot used for treatment did not contain antibody that reacted with the patient's group O RBCs or a panel of group O RBCs, but did contain IgG anti-A and -B (titer of 4). The patient received a transfusion and was given methylprednisone. The direct antiglobulin test and acid eluate were negative 4 days later. The patient had an uneventful recovery. The distinction between antibody-mediated hemolytic anemia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia is important in the treatment of this disease.     

示指桡侧指背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣移植修复示指缺损

目的:观察示指桡侧指背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣移植对示指指端缺损的修复效果。方法:选择2002-08/2005-09南华大学附属第一医院急诊收治的外伤性示指末节部分缺损患者13例,手术方法的选择在术前均得到患者同意,且得到医院伦理道德委员会批准。组织缺损大小在1.5cm×1.0cm～2.0cm×1.5cm之间,所有缺损均有指骨和(或)大部分的指腹组织缺损,采用示指桡侧指背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣移植修复,皮瓣设计:旋转点位于近侧指间关节的近端,皮瓣轴为示指的桡背侧,皮瓣部分设计在第2掌指关节的近侧,蒂宽约0.8mm。术后定期随访,主要观察皮瓣质地和感觉的恢复情况,将感觉恢复的评估标准分为5级:S1:无感觉;S5:在神经单一分布区恢复两点鉴别能力。结果:13例患者全部进入结果分析,无脱落。①术后随访三四个月者10例,随访五六个月者3例。②术后9例皮瓣完全成活;4例皮瓣远端部分坏死,经换药表皮爬行创面愈合。③外形基本满意,皮瓣色泽、质地良好。④术后1个月随访时,3例患者两点辨别觉大于6.0mm,感觉恢复S4;术后五六个月随访时,3例患者两点辨别觉4.0～6.0mm,感觉恢复S5。结论:示指桡侧指背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣设计的旋转点位于近侧指间关节的近端,可以简化手术而不影响皮瓣存活,是示指部分缺损修复的可选方法。     

Nasal carriage of Naegleria fowleri and its environmental occurrence in Borno State, Nigeria

The presence of free living amoebae was investigated in the nasal passages of 50 healthy children and in environmental sources in Maiduguri, Borno State of Nigeria. Three of the children yielded positive cultures of Naegleria fowleri. All the five water samples and two of the nine soil samples examined from different localities were positive for N. fowleri. The isolates proved pathogenic for laboratory mice causing a fatal meningoencephalitis. The epidemiological significance of the findings is discussed.