乙醇对丁卡因凝胶透皮和局麻作用的影响

目的 :考察透皮吸收促进剂乙醇对丁卡因凝胶透皮和局麻作用的影响。方法 :以卡波姆 940为基质配制含 2 0 %和 70 %乙醇的丁卡因 (4 % ,w w)凝胶。采用Franz扩散小池和紫外分光光度法进行小鼠离体皮肤渗透试验 ;用VonFrey镇痛试验考察丁卡因凝胶的局麻作用。结果 :离体皮肤渗透试验表明 2 0 %和 70 %乙醇对丁卡因凝胶均有较强的促渗作用 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其渗透速率K分别提高了 1 .5 3倍和 2 .1 2倍 ,其中 70 %乙醇的促渗作用明显强于2 0 %乙醇 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,但是 70 %乙醇在一定程度上延长了丁卡因凝胶的滞后时间 ;VonFrey镇痛试验显示含 70 %乙醇的丁卡因凝胶局麻镇痛作用于用药后 1h达高峰 ,痛觉抑制百分率为 1 1 3 % ,镇痛作用持续 5h。结论 :含 70 %乙醇的丁卡因凝胶剂具有较强的透皮作用和局麻效果     

慢性肾衰继发性甲旁亢iPTH水平变化的临床意义及罗钙全疗效观察

目的探讨慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)并发继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进(SHPT)血中全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)水平变化的临床意义及小剂量罗钙全对慢性肾衰继发甲旁亢早期的疗效观察。方法分别采用免疫放射法、苦味酸法、偶氮胂Ⅲ法、直接紫外法测定60例健康体检者和94例CRF患者血iPTH、Cr、Ca、P含量;取iPTH含量87.5～295ng/L的SHPT病人随机分为观察组和治疗组各23例,治疗组每天口服罗钙全0.25ug。结果血iPTH水平随肾功能损害的加重而逐渐升高,与Cr成正相关,P亦逐渐升高,Ca则逐渐降低;治疗组服药3个月后,血iPTH显著降低(P<0.05),Ca明显升高(P<0.05),P无显著性差异(P>0.05),观察组血iPTH显著升高(P<0.05)。结论iPTH可作为早期诊断CRF继发性甲旁亢的敏感指标且其水平与肾功能损害程度一致;口服小剂量罗钙全治疗早期SHPT的疗效与iPTH水平有关。     

MIEP方案治疗复发或难治非霍奇金淋巴瘤疗效报告

目的　观察MIEP化疗方案治疗复发或难治非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (NHL)临床疗效和毒副作用。方法　 3 5例复发或难治NHL患者给予米托蒽醌 (MIT) 10mg/m2 静滴 ,d1;异环磷酰胺 (IFO) 1 2g/m2 静滴 ,d1～ 4,美司那 (Mesna) 40 0mg用IFO后 0、4、8h静推 ;依托泊甙 (VP 16) 65mg/m2 静滴 ,d1～ 4;强的松 (PRED) 10 0mg口服 ,d1～ 5。 2 1～ 2 8天为一周期 ,至少 3个周期。结果　MIEP方案化疗的疗效CR 2 8 6% ,PR 3 7 1% ,总有效率 65 7%。中位生存期为 19个月。毒副作用主要为骨髓抑制 ,白细胞减少发生率为 10 0 % ,其中Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度发生率为 71 4%。结论　MIEP方案治疗复发或难治非霍奇金淋巴瘤有效率高 ,毒性反应可耐受。     

Evidence for an S-phase checkpoint regulating DNA replication after heat shock: a review.

Exposure of cells to heat inhibits a number of nuclear activities associated with semi-conservative replication of DNA including the incorporation of radiolabelled precursors into acid-insoluble DNA, the initiation of new replicons, the elongation of the DNA fibre at the replication fork, the synthesis and deposition of new histones into chromatin and the reorganization of nascent DNA into mature chromatin. These effects are likely to underlie the heat sensitivity of S-phase cells and may contribute to the radiosensitization observed in this phase of the cell cycle. While some of these effects may be explained as 'passive' consequences of heat-induced damage on chromatin structures experiments reviewed here point to the activation of a checkpoint as a contributing factor to the observed inhibition of DNA replication. Activation of a heat responsive S-phase checkpoint targets the activity of RPA via interaction with nucleolin. Nucleolin, a major nucleolar protein, is found normally sequestered in the nucleolus. Exposure of cells to heat causes a rapid translocation of nucleolin from the nucleolus into the nucleoplasm that enables RPA/nucleolin interaction. This interaction inhibits functions of RPA associated with the initiation of DNA replication and contributes to the immediate inhibition of DNA synthesis observed after heat shock. The results suggest that the nucleolus serves as a sequestration centre for the temporary inactivation of regulatory molecules, such as nucleolin, capable of regulating essential cellular functions after heat shock. It is speculated that this regulatory process is integrated in the network of responses that determine cell sensitivity to heat and that it may be involved in heat radiosensitization to killing as well.     

Chemopreventive effects of alpha-santalol on skin tumor development in CD-1 and SENCAR mice.

Studies from our laboratory have indicated skin cancer chemopreventive effectsof sandalwood oil in CD-1 mice. The purpose of this investigation was to study the skin cancer chemopreventive effects of alpha-santalol, a principal component of sandalwood oil in CD-1 and SENCAR mice. alpha-Santalol was isolated from sandalwood oil by distillation under vacuum and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chemopreventive effects of alpha-santalol were determined during initiation and promotion phase in female CD-1 and SENCAR mice. Carcinogenesis was initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The effects of alpha-santalol treatment on TPA-induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and (3)H-thymidine incorporation in epidermal DNA of CD-1 and SENCAR mice were also investigated. alpha-Santalol treatment during promotion phase delayed the papilloma development by 2 weeks in both CD-1 and SENCAR strains of mice. alpha-Santalol treatment during promotion phase significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the papilloma incidence and multiplicity when compared with control and treatment during initiation phase during 20 weeks of promotion in both CD-1 and SENCAR strains of mice. alpha-Santalol treatment resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition in TPA-induced ODC activity and incorporation of (3)H-thymidine in DNA in the epidermis of both strains of mice. alpha-Santalol significantly prevents papilloma development during promotion phase of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-TPA carcinogenesis protocol in both CD-1 and SENCAR mice, possibly by inhibiting TPA-induced ODC activity and DNA synthesis. alpha-Santalol could be an effective chemopreventive agent for skin cancer. Additional experimental and clinical studies are needed to investigate the chemopreventive effect of alpha-santalol in skin cancer.     

普通额镜下鼻内激光泪囊鼻腔造孔术治疗慢性泪囊炎

报告在普通额镜下以YAG激光经鼻腔行泪囊鼻腔造孔术，治疗慢性泪囊炎患者37例（45眼），经3～24个月的随访观察，泪道阻塞均解除，有效率为95．6％，治愈率为88．9％。本手术具有损伤小，操作简便，快捷，术后反应轻，并发症少等优点。并对手术方法及影响疗效的因素进行了探讨。     

中药“二黄”滴耳剂治疗急慢性化脓性中耳炎的临床观察(附1000例分析)

本文总结了“二黄”滴耳剂治疗急慢性中耳炎1000例，结果表明总有效率为89％，尤其对急性化脓性中耳炎效果更为明显，与其它抗生素相比具有很多优点。抗菌谱广，对革兰氏阳性菌及革兰氏阴性菌、病毒都有一定作用，低浓度抑菌，高浓度杀菌，不易产生抗药性及过敏反应，对第八对脑神经无毒性，价格低廉应用方便优于任何一种抗生素。     

声门上型喉癌临床N_0病理转移的观察

目的：为探讨喉癌颈淋巴结转移的规律，选择手术方法。方法：采用１１０例临床Ｎ０声门上型喉癌的１６４侧颈廓清术标本淋巴结连续切片方法观察。结果：发现颈淋巴结转移率为３５．５％（３９／１００）。提出临床Ｎ０病理转移的特点：１）转移淋巴结大小大多数介于０．５～１．５之间占８４．２％。２）转移淋巴结大多数为早期侵入期和生长发展期占８６．０％。３）转移淋巴结绝大多数为单发型占７４．４％。４）各个Ｔ分期均有转移淋巴结。结论：在颈淋巴结处理上，我们支持尽可能同期行选择性颈廓清术的观点     

HPLC法测定黄芪炮制品中黄芪甲甙含量

建立了测定黄芪甲甙的ＨＰＬＣ法，采用Ｃ_１８柱，流动相为乙腈水（１∶２．３），检测波长为２０３ｎｍ。用此法对黄芪６种炮制品中黄芪甲甙的含量进行了对比研究。