丹酚酸A对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注性损伤的保护作用

用Langendorff离体大鼠心脏缺血再灌注模型,研究了丹酚酸A(SalA)对心肌缺血再灌注性损伤的保护作用。结果显示,SalA可以降低由于心肌缺血再灌注引起的室颤发生率,减少乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)从胞体中的漏出,降低缺血心肌组织中脂质过氧化产物MDA的含量,从而证明SalA对离体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注性损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

国产檀香中α-反式香柠烯醇化学结构研究

从国产檀香木Santalum ablum L.分得一个新倍半萜醇,根据光谱(IR,MS,¹H-¹H COSY,¹³C-¹H COSY和¹H-¹H NOESY)解析,确定了它的化学结构和相对立体化学为9(10)-顺,α-反式香柠烯醇[9(10)Z,α-trans-bergamotenol](Ia)。     

Comorbidity of hospital-treated psychiatric and physical disorders with special reference to schizophrenia: a 28 year follow-up of the 1966 Northern Finland general population birth cohort

We studied the comorbidity of psychiatric and physical disorders in a sample (n = 11017) from the unselected, general population, Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. During the period 1982–1994, hospital-treated psychiatric patients were more likely than people without psychiatric diagnoses to have been treated for physical disease in hospital wards, 298 out of 387 (77.0%) vs 6687 out of 10 630 (62.9%) (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.6−2.5). Injuries, poisonings and indefinite symptoms were a more common reason for hospital treatment in people with schizophrenia or other psychiatric disorder as compared with people without a psychiatric disorder. Men with psychiatric disorder had more than a 50-fold risk for poisoning by psychotropic drugs (OR = 52.6, 95% CI = 27.7−99.8), women with psychiatric disorder a 20-fold risk (OR = 19.0, 95% CI = 9.5–38.1) and schizophrenics more than a 30-fold risk (OR = 37.5, 95% CI = 19.1–73.8). Men with psychiatric disorders were more commonly hospitalised for a variety of gastrointestinal disorders and circulatory diseases (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.2–4.4), as compared with men with no psychiatric disorder. Respiratory diseases (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2–4.2), vertebral column disorders (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.8–9.9), gynaecological disorders (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.2–3.6) and induced abortions (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2–2.7) were more prevalent in women with psychiatric disorder than in other women. Epilepsy was strongly associated with schizophrenia (OR = 11.1, 95% CI = 4.0–31.6). Nervous and sensory organ diseases in general (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.1–5.8) and inflammatory diseases of the bowel (OR = 12.8, 95% CI = 3.8–42.7) were also overrepresented in schizophrenia when compared with people without a psychiatric disorder. Our results indicate that physicians must be alert for psychiatric disorder, and mental health professionals must be aware of the considerable physical morbidity in their patients.     

小鼠尾动脉条应用于α肾上腺素受体激动剂、拮抗剂和钙拮抗剂的研究

近年内,国外一些学者已证明大鼠尾动脉存在突触后α_1和α_2肾上腺素受体并对此两种亚型的生理性质进行了研究、比较。目前,大鼠尾动脉条已广泛用于α_1及α_2受体激动剂和拮抗剂以及钙拮抗剂的生理和药理学研究。该方法需将动脉剪成螺旋条,制做比较复杂。为易于掌握,我们在制备方法上进行了改进。随后,设计和建立了小鼠尾动脉条实验模型。本文重点介绍小鼠尾动脉实验方法的优点及其应用范围,翼能在国内得到推广应用。     

Absence of DAZ gene mutations in cases of non-obstructed azoospermia

Sequenced-tagged site (STS) analysis of the Y chromosome long arm (Yq) of azoospermic males has identified a minimum common deleted region of several hundred kilobases in approximately 13% of cases. A candidate azoospermia gene, DAZ (deleted in azoospermia), has been isolated from this region. DAZ has also been shown to be absent in severely oligozoospermic males albeit at a much lower frequency. These data, although highly suggestive, do not constitute formal proof that DAZ actually plays a role in azoospermia, as no small intragenic deletions, rearrangements or point mutations in the gene have been found. In this study we report the screening of DNA from 168 azoospermic/oligospermic males for the presence of the DAZ gene. Deletions involving DAZ were detected in five out of 43 (11.6%) azoospermic males whereas none were found in the remaining 125 oligospermic patients. We present the genomic structure of the 5' end of the DAZ gene together with its sequence analysis in 30 non-obstructed azoospermic males. No mutations in DAZ were found in any of the patients sequenced. These data provide no formal proof that DAZ is AZF. Thus the possibility is still valid that another gene(s) mapping to the deletion interval may be responsible for, or contribute to, the observed phenotypes. Alternatively, if DAZ is AZF, they suggest that the most frequent cause of gene inactivation is via large deletions possibly mobilized by Y chromosome repetitive sequences.