The bile ducts after a fatty meal: further sonographic observations

The sonographic appearance of the response of the common hepatic duct to physiologic stimulation by a fatty meal was assessed in 131 patients referred because of right upper quadrant symptoms or abnormal liver chemical studies. In the determination of the presence or absence of biliary obstruction, the sensitivity of the examination was 84%, the accuracy of a positive test was 84%, and the accuracy of a negative test was 93%. This test proved helpful in several circumstances: equivocal duct caliber (6-10 mm); abnormal caliber (6-14 mm) with normal laboratory values; normal caliber duct with abnormal laboratory values; persistent question of cholelithiasis or asymptomatic pancreatic duct dilatation. Measurements of bile duct caliber alone may be insufficient to ascertain the presence of bile duct obstruction and fatty meal stimulation significantly improves diagnostic accuracy.     

八种抗癫痫药物对小鼠马桑内酯惊厥、电惊厥的作用比较及对学习记忆的影响

用两种惊厥模型,通过跳台法和避暗法观察了临床常用的几种抗癲痫药抗惊厥作用,以及对学习记忆的影响。结果表明:对抗马桑内酯惊厥,以硝基安定和氯硝基安定效果最好,苯巴比妥及丙戊酸钠次之,酰胺咪嗪和芹菜甲素无效,而苯妥英钠及抗痫灵则能加重惊厥;在电惊厥模型中,以苯妥英钠和苯巴比妥效果最佳,丙戊酸钠及酰胺咪嗪次之,其它药物无效;除芹菜甲素外,其余七种药物均能削弱记忆获得。硝基安定和氯硝基安定可保护马桑内酯惊厥对记忆的损害,而硝基安定能加重电惊厥对记忆的损害。     

AMG-1对小鼠和大鼠缺血脑能量代谢及神经细胞损伤的影响

本文观察AMG-1对小鼠断头全脑缺血时能量代谢及大鼠大脑中动脉阻断(MCAO)后行为和病理改变影响。小鼠sc AMG-1 1～10mg/kg 30min后,能有效减少脑缺血后乳酸(LA)堆积,ATP和磷酸肌酸(PCr)的耗竭。sc AMG-1 5mg/kg和尼英地平0.5 mg/kg,可减轻大鼠MCAO后的神经症状和神经细胞缺血性损害。AMG-1的这一改善脑缺血作用与尼莫地平近似。