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41.
D. Maimone P. Annunziata C. Cioni A. Leonardi G. C. Guazzi 《Acta neurologica Scandinavica》1994,90(4):285-292
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals frequently develop a broad spectrum of neurological syndromes, classified as HIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complex. Diffuse demyelination of hemispheric white matter is a commonly observed in HIV-1 infected brain, but the events leading to myelin destruction are still obscure. Since oligodendrocyte infection by HIV-1 is not proven as yet, myelin damage in HIV-1 infection may result from indirect mechanisms such as the excessive release of myelinotoxic substances or the triggering of autoimmune responses directed to myelin constituents. To verify the latter hypothesis, we searched for elevated anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) IgG levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of 25 patients with HIV-1 infection, 12 with multiple sclerosis (MS), and 9 with non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NIND). CSF, but not serum, anti-MBP IgG levels were more frequently elevated in HIV-1+ (16/25, 64%) than in MS (3/12, 25%) or NIND (0/9) patients. By using the anti-MBP IgG index, the anti-MBP IgG antibody specificity index (ASI), and the search for anti-MBP oligoclonal IgG, we ascertained that anti-MBP IgG were produced within the CNS in 13 of 25 (52%) HIV-1+ , in 6 of 12 (50%) MS, and in none of NIND patients. The incidence of increased CSF anti-MBP IgG levels was higher among HIV-1+ patients at stage II–III (4/4, 100%) or at stage IV B (7/9, 78%) than among those at stage IV C–IV D (5/12, 42%). Although our data indicate that intrathecal anti-MBP IgG may occur early during HIV-1 infection and that they are more common in patients with HIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complex, the possible demyelinating role of these antibodies remains to be demonstrated. 相似文献
42.
Giovanni Corrao Antonella Zambon Lorenza Bertù Anna Mauri Valentina Paleari Camillo Rossi Mauro Venegoni 《Drug safety》2006,29(10):889-896
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the use of fluoroquinolone agents and the risk of tendinitis in a large population-based case-control study. METHODS: The study was performed by linking automated health databases from the Region of Lombardia, Italy. Cases were patients aged > or =18 years who had a hospital discharge diagnosis of non-traumatic tendinitis in 2002-3. For each case, up to five controls were randomly selected among those eligible for inclusion in the study. A conditional logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio of tendinitis associated with the current, recent and past use of fluoroquinolones. Odds ratios were adjusted for exposure to other antibacterials and other drugs. RESULTS: 22,194 cases and 104,906 controls met the inclusion criteria. Current use of fluoroquinolones significantly increased the risk of tendon disorders as a whole (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7; 95% CI 1.4, 2.0), tendon rupture (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.0, 1.8) and rupture of the Achilles' tendon (OR = 4.1; 95% CI 1.8, 9.6). Concomitant use of corticosteroids and fluoroquinolones increased the risk of both tendon rupture (OR = 3.1; 95% CI 1.5, 6.3) and rupture of the Achilles' tendon (OR = 43.2; 95% CI 5.5, 341.1). DISCUSSION: Evidence that exposure to fluoroquinolones is associated with the sudden occurrence of tendinitis is supported by this large population-based study. We can estimate that a single case of rupture of the Achilles' tendon would occur for every 5958 persons treated with fluoroquinolones (95% CI 2148, 23,085). The corresponding number needed to harm is 979 (95% CI 122, 9172) for patients who concomitantly use corticosteroids and 1638 (95% CI 351, 8843) for those aged >60 years. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should be aware of this adverse effect, and the increased risk for fluoroquinolone-associated tendinitis in elderly patients with corticosteroid use must be considered when these agents are prescribed. 相似文献
43.
Evaluation of five monoclonal antibody-based kits or reagents for the identification and culture confirmation of herpes simplex virus. 下载免费PDF全文
Five immunofluorescence (IF) kits or reagents (Bartels [Bartels Immunodiagnostic Supplies, Inc., Bellevue, Wash.], Imagen [CellTech Diagnostics, Ltd., distributed by Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.], Ortho [Ortho Diagnostics Systems, Inc., Raritan, N.J.], Syva [Syva Co., Palo Alto, Calif.], Whittaker [Whittaker Bioproducts, Walkersville, Md.]) were evaluated for typing and laboratory confirmation of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Of 101 clinical isolates tested by each kit or reagent, results for 97 of them were in agreement. Identification of the four isolates with discordant results was performed by restriction endonuclease analysis of the viral DNA. The sensitivity and specificity of the Imagen and Bartels kits were 100%. For the Ortho, Syva, and Whittaker kits or reagents, the HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2) sensitivities were 97.4 and 100%, 100 and 100%, and 97.4 and 100%, respectively, and the specificities were 100 and 97.4%, 100 and 92.4%, and 100 and 97.4%, respectively. There was one false-positive HSV-2 isolate identified by each of the Ortho and Whittaker kits or reagents. Three false-positive HSV-2 isolates occurred by staining with Syva, giving the erroneous indication of dual isolates. Several isolates stained with Imagen and Whittaker reagents displayed dull IF patterns. A dull green background occurred in ca. one-third of the HSV-2 isolates tested with the Ortho kit. The intensities of IF staining by the Bartels and Syva kits were satisfactory; however, the latter displayed a specificity of 92.7%. A total of 38 and 63 specimens were finally designated as HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively. Identification of each isolate with the Bartels kit was consistently interpretable and is recommended as the typing and confirmatory assay of choice. 相似文献
44.
Claudio Babiloni Giovanni Frisoni Mircea Steriade Lorena Bresciani Giuliano Binetti Claudio Del Percio Cristina Geroldi Carlo Miniussi Flavio Nobili Guido Rodriguez Filippo Zappasodi Tania Carfagna Paolo M Rossini 《Clinical neurophysiology》2006,117(5):1113-1129
OBJECTIVE: A relationship between brain atrophy and delta rhythmicity (1.5-4 Hz) has been previously explored in Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects [Fernandez A, Arrazola J, Maestu F, Amo C, Gil-Gregorio P, Wienbruch C, Ortiz T. Correlations of hippocampal atrophy and focal low-frequency magnetic activity in Alzheimer disease: volumetric MR imaging-magnetoencephalographic study. Am J Neuroradiol. 2003 24(3):481-487]. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that such a relationship does exist not only in AD patients but also across the continuum of subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. METHODS: Resting, eyes-closed EEG data were recorded in 34 MCI and 65 AD subjects. EEG rhythms of interest were delta (2-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha 1 (8-10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5-13 Hz), beta 1 (13-20 Hz), and beta 2 (20-30 Hz). EEG cortical sources were estimated by LORETA. Cortical EEG sources were correlated with MR-based measurements of lobar brain volume (white and gray matter). RESULTS: A negative correlation was observed between the frontal white matter and the amplitude of frontal delta sources (2-4 Hz) across MCI and AD subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirmed for the first time the hypothesis that the sources of resting delta rhythms (2-4 Hz) are correlated with lobar brain volume across MCI and AD subjects. SIGNIFICANCE: The present findings support, at least at group level, the 'transition hypothesis' of brain structural and functional continuity between MCI and AD. 相似文献
45.
46.
聚合酶链反应检测尖锐湿疣皮损内人乳头瘤病毒 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
13个皮损组织取自13例尖锐湿疣(CA)患者,13例基底细胞上皮瘤(BCC)组织作为对照,用溴化钠液分离表真皮,从组织中提出的 DNA和溴化钠液分别用聚合酶链反应检测 HPV DNA。11例CA表皮中检出 HPV DNA,HPV6有7例,HPV11有4例。3例CA真皮中发现有HPV DNA,HPV6有2例,HPV11有1例。2例标本因溴化钠液被HPV污染未作统计。在BCC组织中未发现有HPV DNA。在某些CA真皮内含有 HPV DNA可以解释散发病例的复发性。 相似文献
47.
Claudio Babiloni Rosanna Squitti Claudio Del Percio Emanuele Cassetta Maria Carla Ventriglia Florinda Ferreri Mario Tombini Giovanni Frisoni Giuliano Binetti Mariella Gurzi Serenella Salinari Filippo Zappasodi Paolo M Rossini 《Clinical neurophysiology》2007,118(6):1244-1260
OBJECTIVE: The present study tested the hypothesis that the serum copper abnormalities were correlated with alterations of resting electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms across the continuum of healthy elderly (Hold), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD subjects. METHODS: Resting eyes-closed EEG rhythms delta (2-4Hz), theta (4-8Hz), alpha 1 (8-10.5Hz), alpha 2 (10.5-13Hz), beta 1 (13-20Hz), beta 2 (20-30Hz), and gamma (30-40Hz), estimated by LORETA, were recorded in 17 Hold, 19 MCI, 27 AD- (MMSE< or =20), and 27 AD+ (MMSE20) individuals and correlated with copper biological variables. RESULTS: Across the continuum of Hold, MCI and AD subjects, alpha sources in parietal, occipital, and temporal areas were decreased, while the magnitude of the delta and theta EEG sources in parietal, occipital, and temporal areas was increased. The fraction of serum copper unbound to ceruloplasmin positively correlated with temporal and frontal delta sources, regardless of the effects of age, gender, and education. CONCLUSIONS: These results sustain the hypothesis of a toxic component of serum copper that is correlated with functional loss of AD, as revealed by EEG indexes. SIGNIFICANCE: The present study represents the first demonstration that the fraction of serum copper unbound to ceruloplasmin is correlated with cortical delta rhythms across Hold, MCI, and AD subjects, thus unveiling possible relationships among the biological parameter, advanced neurodegenerative processes, and synchronization mechanisms regulating the relative amplitude of selective EEG rhythms. 相似文献
48.
Non-specific bronchial hyper-responsiveness in children with allergic rhinitis: Relationship with the atopic status 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giuseppina Cuttitta Fabio Cibella Stefania La Grutta Maria R. Hopps Salvatore Bucchieri Giovanni Passalacqua Giovanni Bonsignore 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2003,14(6):458-463
An increased prevalence of bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) has been demonstrated in children from a general population, and in non-asthmatic adults with allergic rhinitis. Thus, also children with allergic rhinitis are expected to be at higher risk of BHR. We evaluated the prevalence of BHR in a sample of non-asthmatic children with allergic rhinitis by means of the methacholine (Mch) bronchial challenge, and by monitorizing the airway patency using the daily peak expiratory flow variability (PEFv). Fifty-one children (ranged 6–15 years of age) with allergic rhinitis, ascertained by skin prick test to inhalant allergens, underwent a 14-day peak expiratory flow monitoring, and a Mch bronchial provocation challenge. Thirty healthy children matched for age, and sex served as control group. Thirty-one children in the rhinitis group (61%), and six (20%) in the control group were Mch+ (Mch provocative dose causing a 20% fall of forced expiratory volume in 1 s respect to baseline <2250 μ g, equivalent to 11.50 μ mol). In rhinitic children the PEFv did not significantly differ between Mch+ and Mch− subjects, but the total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were higher among Mch+. The persistent form of rhinitis was significantly associated to Mch positivity. Non-asthmatic children with allergic rhinitis displayed a high prevalence of BHR. The BHR was significantly associated with persistent rhinitis and with higher total IgE levels. Nevertheless, the spontaneous changes in airway patency, as expressed by PEFv, were within normal limits both in Mch+ and Mch− children. 相似文献
49.
Treatment of type B aortic dissection: endoluminal repair or conventional medical therapy? 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Giovanni Dialetto Franco E Covino Giancarlo Scognamiglio Sabrina Manduca Alessandro Della Corte Bruno Giannolo Michelangelo Scardone Maurizio Cotrufo 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2005,27(5):826-830
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mid-term results of endovascular stent-grafting for type B aortic dissection, in comparison with those of standard medical therapy in uncomplicated cases. METHODS: Between January 1999 and 2004, among 56 patients (mean age 59.5+/-11.5 years) with type B aortic dissection, hypotensive medical therapy was the only treatment in 28 uncomplicated cases, (group A), while stent-graft implantation was performed in 28 patients with uncontrolled hypertension, persistent pain or evidence of dissection progression or complication (group B). In 14 cases (50%) the procedure was performed in an acute setting. Stent-grafting procedures were monitored with intraoperative trans-esophageal echocardiography and cine-angiography. CT scan and trans-esophageal echocardiography were performed before hospital discharge, at 6 and 12 months and then yearly. RESULTS: Follow-up (range 1-61 months, average 18.1+/-16.9 months) was 100% complete. In-hospital mortality was 10.7% (three patients, all belonging to Group B; P=0.24). No spinal cord injuries were observed. Early endoleak occurred in one patient (3.5%). Mid-term mortality was lower in Group B, although the difference was not significant (10.7 versus 14.3% in Group A, P=0.71). Follow-up CT scans evidenced complete thrombosis of the false lumen in 75% cases in Group B, 10.7% in Group A (P=0.0001), and an aneurismal dilatation of the descending aorta in 3.5% cases in Group B, 28.5% in Group A (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Although with still considerable early mortality, endovascular stent-graft implantation is an effective option for the treatment of complicated type B aortic dissection. Endovascular treatment achieved a better mid-term fate of the descending thoracic aorta than medical therapy alone, even in patients with worse preoperative conditions. 相似文献
50.
Marco Frattini Enrico Vaienti Giovanni Soncini Francesco Pogliacomi 《Musculoskeletal surgery》2009,93(3):109-114
Tibial plateau fractures are complex injuries which, if not adequately treated, can lead to invalidating sequelae. They constitute
on average about 1% of all fractures, and up to 8% in patients over 65 years, and can be caused by both high- and low-energy
trauma. Unlike in younger subjects, treatment of tibial plateau fractures in the elderly is not univocal and depends on the
patient’s functional needs, bone quality and systemic comorbidities. In this retrospective study, 49 patients with a mean
age of 72 years, who underwent surgical treatment of a tibial plateau fracture, were assessed by the Rasmussen’s clinical
and radiological grading systems. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were satisfactory in 75.5 and 59.1% of cases, respectively.
Data were also analyzed, in terms of fracture type, age and gender, to detect any statistically significant correlation between
these parameters and clinical and radiographic outcomes. 相似文献