Overexpression/amplification of HER-2/neu is uncommon in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND： Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is one of the most prevalent fatal cancers in the world. Despite advances in early diagnosis and improvements in surgical techniques, the survival of patients with HCC even after resection is poor because of the high incidence of recurrences. Therefore, the identification of prognostic factors may be helpful in the development of new treatment protocols. AIMS： To investigate HER-2/neu status in HCC by immunohistochemistry （IHC） and fluorescence in situ hybridisation （FISH）, and to explore the possibility of using trastuzumab in the treatment of HCC. METH ODS： Eight hundred and sixty eight surgical samples from patients with primary HCC were examined for their HER-2/neu status. IHC for HER-2/neu was performed with the HercepTest kit; FISH analysis was performed with the PathVysion HER-2 DNA probe kit. The correlations between HER-2/neu overexpression and clinicopathological characteristics were analysed statistically. RESULTS： HER-2/neu overexpression was detected in 21 （2.42%） of the 868 primary HCCs. Only one specimen showed HER-2/neu gene amplification by FISH. No significant associations were found between HER-2/neu overexpression and the clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSIONS： There is a low frequency of HER-2/neu overexpression/amplification in HCC. There appears to be no role for HER-2/neu as a prognostic marker and no benefit of anti-HER-2/neu trastuzumab treatment in patients with HCC.     

Evaluation of four elastomeric interocclusal recording materials

Background: The fabrication of dental prosthesis requires the transfer of interocclusal records from patient's mouth to semiadjustable articulators using different kinds of recording media. Any inaccuracy in these interocclusal records leads to occlusal errors in the final prosthesis. This study was conducted to evaluate the dimensional changes occurring in the interocclusal recording material over a given period of time and the material's resistance to compression during the cast mounting on the articulator.     

Expression of p170 protein in multiple myeloma: a clinical study.

The expression of the p170 multidrug resistance protein by bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) was assessed at clinical presentation in 53 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) using the C219 monoclonal antibody. Twenty-two of the 53 (41 per cent) patients had variable aliquots (1-60 per cent, median = 6 per cent) of p170+ BMPC by immunocytochemistry. Five of 10 patients studied using bivariate flow cytometry had both diploid and hyperdiploid (DNA index ranged from 1.2 to 1.5) BMPC with hyperdiploid clones having significantly greater p170 expression than diploid ones. Of the 37 patients evaluated for a response, 20 (54 per cent) had responded to induction chemotherapy. The presence of p170+ BMPC was a negative indicator for achieving response. The response rate was 75 per cent for p170- and 25 per cent for p170+ cases (p < 0.01), with no difference on the basis of treatment schedule (melphalan and prednisone, 24 patients; peptichemio, vincristine and prednisone, 13 patients). No difference in response and survival duration was found between p170+ and p170- patients. In six of nine patients studied both at diagnosis and following induction chemotherapy the p170+ BMPC% increased irrespective of the type of treatment or outcome.     

The role of lymphography in melanoma of the limbs. Personal experience

The authors report the results of the lymphographic examinations performed on 123 patients affected with melanoma of the limbs. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the different clinical stages; they all had pathologic confirmation. The following lymphographic parameters were considered: sensitivity, specificity, efficacy and positive/negative predictive value. The results obtained in the first group of patients (clinical stage: I) demonstrated lymphography to have low sensitivity, specificity and efficacy in the staging of melanomas (37%, 50% and 45%, respectively). On the contrary, lymphography could be trusted in the study of stage II melanomas thanks to its high sensitivity. As for stage III, the methodology had a clinical indication only in the follow-up of melanomas treated with radiochemotherapy.     

Intraparenchymal fetal striatal transplants and recovery in kainic acid lesioned rats

Striatal kainic acid (KA) lesions induce behavioral and biochemical deficits which resemble symptoms encountered in patients suffering from Huntington's disease. In rats with KA lesions, fetal striatal transplants have shown to reverse the pervasive nocturnal hyperactivity induced by the lesion. In the present study 4.6 mm3 of fetal striatal tissue were delivered bilaterally into the anterodorsal portion of the lesioned caudate nucleus. Care was taken to deliver the transplant within the host parenchyma and away from the lateral ventricles. Locomotor behavior analyzed using the Digiscan animal activity monitors before and after the transplants demonstrated a reversal of the hyperactivity following transplants in 70% of lesioned animals. Microinjections of horseradish peroxidase delivered into the globus pallidus and substantia nigra of a small group of functionally recovered transplanted animals, did not reveal evidence for reinnervation between host nigra or pallidum and the transplant at 10 weeks post-transplantation. Other laboratories have reported anatomical connections by 6 months post-transplantation. Ventricular/brain ratios demonstrated that intraparenchymal transplants significantly reduced the ventricular dilation following KA lesion. These results suggest that functional recovery can be obtained when the transplant is immersed into the host's striatal parenchyma regardless of the existence of long-range anatomical connections.     

Structure-activity relationship in the gastric cytoprotective effect of several sesquiterpene lactones.

The structural requirements for the gastric cytoprotective activity of several sesquiterpene lactones are reported. A theoretical-experimental study on the potentially active centers is carried out. The biological evaluation of reduced analogues and the simulation of the molecular interactions between these compounds and an endogenous cysteine residue suggest that the presence of a non sterically hindered Michael acceptor seems to be an essential structural requirement for the cytoprotective activity in this family of compounds. This observation suggests that cytoprotection is mediated through a Michael reaction between the sulfhydryl-containing peptides of the mucosa and Michael acceptors present in the molecules under study. This mechanism of action is in addition to and distinct from the one proposed in our previous paper, namely, that these sesquiterpenes stimulate endogenous synthesis of prostaglandins.