Symptomatische Harntransportstörung nach malignem Melanom der Aderhaut

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Atrophy of the residual alveolar ridge following tooth loss in an historical population

Oral Diseases (2010) 17 , 33–44 Objectives: To study the natural aetiopathology of jaw atrophy after tooth loss, unaltered by prosthetic procedures, an historical population without modern dental treatment was examined. Methods: Based on the hypothesis that there are predictable changes in shape during jaw‐atrophy, frequency and degree of atrophy as well as clinical aspects of bone quality and resorption were determined in the skeletal remains of 263 individuals. The potential association between age and frequency/severity of atrophy was analysed. Results: Atrophy in at least one jaw segment was present in 45.2% of the analysed jaw specimens. The residual ridge underwent a series of changes in shape and height following the pattern of resorption described for modern populations. The severity of these alterations was associated with the age of the individual and the region within the jaw. Atrophy was frequently related to structural degradation of the covering cortical layer. Conclusions: These findings prove that atrophy of the jaw evidently does occur, displaying similar patterns of resorption in a population without modern prosthetics, where the negative effect of ill‐fitting dentures is excluded. The basic information about alterations of shape and the cortical layer covering the residual crest might help to provide a deeper insight into aetiopathological mechanisms of this common oral disease.     

Urological complications of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a case series

Objectives  

To illustrate urological complications of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair and discuss their management.     

The influence of lymph node counts on the detection of pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer.

The present study was done to determine the influence of tumor stage and the patients' age on the number of pelvic lymph nodes obtained during standard pelvic lymphadenectomy before radical retropubic prostatectomy. Furthermore, we assessed whether the number of pelvic lymph nodes examined affects the sensitivity of pN-classification. The data of 283 consecutive patients who had undergone standardized open pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical retropubic prostatectomy for clinically organ-confined prostate cancer were reviewed retrospectively. There were striking interindividual differences in the number of lymph nodes (5-40; median: 16). The quantity was independent of pathologic tumor stage (pT) and the patients' age. In cases with 13 or more lymph nodes examined, the rate of metastatic involvement was twice as high as in lower lymph node counts. The detection of lymph node metastases--and consequently the prognostic accuracy of pN-classification--is mainly influenced by the total number of lymph nodes examined. These data suggest that at least 13 lymph nodes should be investigated to achieve optimum information.     

Is there any evidence that one continent diversion is any better than any other or than ileal conduit?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is an obvious discrepancy between the perceived advantages of the different forms of continent urinary diversion from an expert's point of view and the limited utilization of these techniques outside of academic and tertiary referral centers. RECENT FINDINGS: The vast majority of studies are retrospective with numerous confounding factors and often poorly defined outcomes. The rates of postoperative morbidity and need for reoperation varies widely among studies, even for the same procedure. The utilization of continent diversion depends on demographic, socioeconomic, provider-based, and clinical variables, with low case volume and lack of experience probably being the most obvious reasons for avoidance of more complex techniques. In contrast to the prevailing notion that patients undergoing continent diversion have superior quality of life than those receiving a conduit, existing studies fail to show significant advantages of one technique over the other. SUMMARY: The current body of published literature is insufficient to conclude that there is a superior form of urinary diversion in terms of evidence-based medicine. It is quite clear, however, that not all patients are candidates for one type of diversion. The best results are obtained when a comprehensive concept is tailored to the individual patient.