辛伐他汀治疗老年人高脂血症的临床观察

目的 :了解辛伐他汀 (舒降之 )治疗老年人高脂血症的疗效。方法 :对 93例老年高脂血症患者采用舒降之治疗。结果 :治疗了 4周和 8周后 ,胆固醇 (TC)明显降低 2 2 %、2 7% (P <0 .0 1) ,低密度脂蛋白 (LDL C)明显降低 17%、2 4 % (P <0 .0 1) ,高密度脂蛋白 (HDL C)增加 15 %、16 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,三酰甘油 (TG)降低 18%、2 1% (P <0 .0 5 ) ,仅有轻微不良反应。结论 :辛伐他汀可显著降低TC、LDL C ,可中等程度降低TG及升高HDL C。表明辛伐他汀是治疗老年人高脂血症的理想调脂药物     

一株抗肿瘤放线菌的筛选及其初步研究

在经过MTT法初筛得到的具有细胞毒的海洋微生物中 ,我们又采用荧光显微观测法 ,发现放线菌AK 1 1处理的细胞发生凋亡。在琼脂糖电泳上呈现DNA梯度带 ,进一步验证了其具有使细胞凋亡的作用。AK 1 1活性化合物纯品的裸鼠试验结果表明 :其试验浓度为 0 .0 1 6 μg·kg- 1,0 .1mL/次和 0 .0 0 8μg·kg- 1,0 .1mL/次时抑瘤率分别为 5 2 .0 %和 33.6 %。对人胃癌细胞MGC 80 3及人胃肝细胞SMMC772 1的IC50 的测定值略小于阿霉素 ,显示了AK 1 1具有较高的抗肿瘤活性。FCM对细胞周期的分析表明 :经AK 1 1处理后细胞在S期发生阻滞。DNA合成受阻     

管电压对胸部DR影像质量的影响

目的 研究有效剂量相等条件下不同管电压对胸部DR图像质量的影响。方法 48例病人在90kV、125kV、150kV分别摄取后前位胸片，未经任何处理打印片子，五位资深放射专家采用五分法独立打分评估影像质量；采用Monte—Carlo转换因子估算有效剂量ED（mSv）。结果 绝大多数解剖结构在90千伏时得分最高（平均得分3．10），除了在心影轮廓、气管隆突和外围纹理方面以外，其余部位均有明显统计学差异。结论 有效剂量相等条件下采用较低千伏能获得更好胸部DR影像。     

Population study of Aymara Amerindians for the PCR-DNA polymorphisms HUMTH01, HUMVWA31A, D3S1358, D8S1179, D18S51, D19S253, YNZ22 and HLA-DQα

Allele and genotype frequencies for eight DNA polymorphisms (HUMTH01, HUMVWA31A, D3S1358, D8S1179, D18S51, D19S253, YNZ22 and HLA-DQalpha) were determined in a population sample of Aymara Indians from Bolivia using PCR. No deviations of the observed allelic frequencies from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found for all the systems studied. Significant differences in the allele frequencies were found between the Aymara and Quechua populations only for HUMVWA31A, which suggests a certain degree of genetic differentiation between the two populations.     

液滴数字PCR 在乳腺癌精准治疗中的应用

在精准医学大背景下,分子分型指导下的乳腺癌个体化治疗虽已成为常态,但仍需不断寻求更加优质高效的精准治疗方案。液滴数字PCR（droplet digital PCR,ddPCR）在稀有基因突变检测、拷贝数变异检测以及与下一代测序技术相整合等方面,较传统的实时荧光定量PCR表现出明显的优势。本文针对ddPCR平台在不同乳腺癌亚型中的应用,以及对ddPCR技术助力下的乳腺癌的研究进行综述。      

Primary Gastric Carcinoma Cells Frequently Lose Heterozygosity at the APC and MCC Genetic Loci

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at APC and MCC gene loci (both mapped to 5q21) was investigated in 24 surgical specimens of primary gastric carcinomas using the polymerase chain reaction after tumor cell enrichment by cell sorting based on differences in DNA content. LOH at APC and/or MCC was detected in 87% (13/15) of the cases; at the APC in 86% (12/14) and at the MCC locus in 100% (7/7). LOH at the APC locus was always accompanied by LOH at the MCC locus. LOH at the APC and/or MCC was found in both differentiated and undifferentiated types in both early and advanced stages of gastric carcinoma. Thus, LOH at APC and/or MCC is considered to be one of the most prevalent genetic alterations in human gastric carcinoma and occurs at an early stage of the carcinogenesis.     

A 38-gene expression signature to predict metastasis risk in node-positive breast cancer after systemic adjuvant chemotherapy: a genomic substudy of PACS01 clinical trial

Currently, no prognostic gene-expression signature (GES) established from node-positive breast cancer cohorts, able to predict evolution after systemic adjuvant chemotherapy, exists. Gene-expression profiles of 252 node-positive breast cancer patients (median follow-up: 7.7 years), mostly included in a randomized clinical trial (PACS01), receiving systemic adjuvant regimen, were determined by means of cDNA custom array. In the training cohort, we established a GES composed of 38 genes (38-GES) for the purpose of predicting metastasis-free survival. The 38-GES yielded unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 4.86 (95% confidence interval = 2.76–8.56). Even when adjusted with the best two clinicopathological prognostic indexes: Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) and Adjuvant!, 38-GES HRs were 3.30 (1.81–5.99) and 3.40 (1.85–6.24), respectively. Furthermore, 38-GES improved NPI and Adjuvant! classification. In particular, NPI intermediate-risk patients were divided into 2/3 close to low-risk group and 1/3 close to high-risk group (HR = 6.97 [2.51–19.36]). Similarly, Adjuvant! intermediate-risk patients were divided into 2/3 close to low-risk group and 1/3 close to high-risk group (HR = 4.34 [1.64–11.48]). The 38-GES was validated on gene-expression datasets from three external node-positive breast cancer subcohorts (n = 224) generated from different microarray platforms, with HR = 2.95 (1.74–5.01). Moreover, 38-GES showed prognostic performance in supplementary cohorts with different lymph-node status and endpoints (1,040 new patients). The 38-GES represents a robust tool able to type systemic adjuvant treated node-positive patients at high risk of metastatic relapse, and is especially powerful to refine NPI and Adjuvant! classification for those patients.     

Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in a Japanese population: a nested case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have shown effects of lifestyle-related factors on risk for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, few cohort studies have incorporated, in a strict and in-depth manner, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections or investigated synergism between such factors. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study using sera stored before hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis in the longitudinal cohort of atomic bomb survivors. The study included 224 hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 644 controls that were matched to the cases on gender, age, city, time of serum storage, and method of serum storage, and countermatched on radiation dose. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that HBV and HCV infections, alcohol consumption, smoking habit, body mass index (BMI), and diabetes mellitus were associated with increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk, whereas coffee drinking was associated with decreased hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Multivariate relative risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (95% confidence interval) were 45.8 (15.2-138), 101 (38.7-263), 70.7 (8.3-601), 4.36 (1.48-13.0), and 4.57 (1.85-11.3), for HBV infection alone, HCV infection alone, both HBV and HCV infections, alcohol consumption of > or =40 g of ethanol per day, and BMI of >25.0 kg/m(2) 10 years before diagnosis, respectively. HBV and HCV infection and BMI of >25.0 kg/m(2) remained independent risk factors even after adjusting for severity of liver fibrosis. Among HCV-infected individuals, the relative risk of hepatocellular carcinoma for a 1 kg/m(2) increase in BMI was 1.39 (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: To limit the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, control of excess weight may be crucial for individuals with chronic liver disease, especially those with chronic hepatitis C.     

放射性碘125粒子植入联合锶核素89及云克治疗碘131难治性甲状腺癌骨转移疗效分析

目的探讨应用放射性碘125(¹²⁵I)粒子植入联合锶核素89(⁸⁹Srcl₂)及云克治疗碘131(¹³¹I)难治性甲状腺癌(RAIR-DTC)骨转移的临床疗效。方法选取北部战区总医院自2016年1月至2018年10月收治的57例¹³¹I RAIR-DTC骨转移患者为研究对象。所有患者均初始给予⁸⁹Srcl₂内照射+云克联合治疗。3个月后,行CT引导下¹²⁵I粒子植入术。分别于治疗前后,记录并比较⁸⁹Srcl₂内照射+云克治疗、⁸⁹Srcl₂内照射+云克联合粒子治疗患者功能状态评分(KPS)、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)。于术后1个月,比较不同疼痛评分患者的疼痛缓解率。按照世界卫生组织实体瘤近期疗效判别标准评价患者骨转移病灶疗效。记录并比较患者治疗前后血清Tg水平与不良反应发生情况。结果根据治疗前3 d患者的疼痛评分,将其分为Ⅰ级...